Effect of Plate Inclination and Osteotomy Positioning on Rock-back following Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy in Dogs.

Objective:  Rock-back is a reported complication following tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO), whereby tibial plateau angle (TPA) increases postoperatively. The mechanism of rock-back is not fully understood, although a recent investigation demonstrated that osteotomy exit cut angle (ECA) and inclination of the plate in the sagittal plane might be risk factors. The purpose of this study was to explore these relationships in a clinical dog population.

Feline radial and ulnar diaphyseal fractures: a retrospective study of 49 cases comparing single bone fixation and dual bone fixation.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to report the complications in radial and ulnar diaphyseal fractures in cats and to compare the differences in outcome between single and dual bone internal fixation.

Methods: Medical records between 2004 and 2022 were searched retrospectively for cats with antebrachial diaphyseal fractures treated with internal bone-plate fixation. In total, 49 cases were included from six referral hospitals, including one teaching hospital.

Comprehensive Matrisome Profiling of Human Adipose Tissue for Soft Tissue Reconstruction.

For effective translation of research from tissue engineering and regenerative medicine domains, the cell-instructive extracellular matrix (ECM) of specific tissues must be accurately realized. As adipose tissue is gaining traction as a biomaterial for soft tissue reconstruction, with highly variable clinical outcomes obtained, a quantitative investigation of the adipose tissue matrisome is overdue. In this study, the human adipose tissue matrisome is profiled using quantitative sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra - mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) proteomics across a cohort of 13 fat-grafting patients, to provide characterization of ECM proteins within the tissue, and to understand human population variation.

Clinical Applicability of Visible Light-Mediated Cross-linking for Structural Soft Tissue Reconstruction.

Visible light-mediated cross-linking has utility for enhancing the structural capacity and shape fidelity of laboratory-based polymers. With increased light penetration and cross-linking speed, there is opportunity to extend future applications into clinical spheres. This study evaluated the utility of a ruthenium/sodium persulfate photocross-linking system for increasing structural control in heterogeneous living tissues as an example, focusing on unmodified patient-derived lipoaspirate for soft tissue reconstruction.

Single-cell approaches in human microbiome research.

Microbial culturing and meta-omic profiling technologies have significantly advanced our understanding of the taxonomic and functional variation of the human microbiome and its impact on host processes. The next increase in resolution will come by understanding the role of low-abundant and less-prevalent bacteria and the study of individual cell behaviors that underlie the complexity of microbial ecosystems. To this aim, single-cell techniques are being rapidly developed to isolate, culture, and characterize the genomes and transcriptomes of individual microbes in complex communities.

Characterisation of the immune microenvironment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in immunosuppression.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common cancer. Systemic immunosuppression with drugs such as Prednisone results in more aggressive disease. We hypothesise that more aggressive disease in immunosuppression is the result of immune changes in the tumor microenvironment.

Comparison of incidence of medial meniscal injury in small dogs (≤15 kg) and medium-to-large dogs (>15 kg) with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament disease undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy: 580 stifles (2015 - 2019).

Objectives: To investigate whether a difference exists in incidence of medial meniscal tears between small (≤15 kg) and medium-to-large (>15 kg) dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament disease.

Materials And Methods: Records were retrospectively reviewed to identify the incidence of medial meniscal tears in dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy. Degree of cruciate insufficiency, method of identification (arthroscopy or arthrotomy), tibial plateau angle, weight and signalment were recorded.

Overcoming functional challenges in autologous and engineered fat grafting trends.

Autologous fat grafting offers significant promise for the repair of soft tissue deformities; however, high resorption rates indicate that engineered solutions are required to improve adipose tissue (AT) survival. Advances in material development and biofabrication have laid the foundation for the generation of functional AT constructs; however, a balance needs to be struck between clinically feasible delivery and improved structural integrity of the grafts. A new approach combining the objectives from both the clinical and research communities will assist in developing morphologically and genetically mature AT constructs, with controlled spatial arrangement and increased potential for neovascularization.

Transorbital craniectomy for treatment of frontal lobe and olfactory bulb neoplasms in two dogs.

Case Description: An 8-year-old spayed female Shih Tzu crossbreed dog (dog 1) and a 13-year-old neutered male Miniature Fox Terrier (dog 2) were evaluated for removal of neoplasms involving both the frontal lobe and olfactory bulb.

Clinical Findings: Physical examination revealed decreased menace response and behavioral changes in both dogs. For dog 1, neuroanatomic localization of the lesion was the left forebrain region; for dog 2, neuroanatomic localization of the lesion was the right forebrain region.

Fibroblastic Subtype has a Favourable Prognosis in Appendicular Osteosarcoma of Dogs.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive malignant bone neoplasm that occurs mostly in the appendicular skeleton of dogs and people. OS is classified based on the presence of malignant stroma and the formation of extracellular matrix into osteoblastic, chondroblastic and fibroblastic forms. This study investigated the correlation between the three histological subtypes of canine OS and clinical outcome.

Parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1) is a prognostic indicator in canine osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant primary bone tumour in humans and dogs. Several studies have established the vital role of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and its receptor (PTHR1) in bone formation and remodeling. In addition, these molecules play a role in the progression and metastasis of many human tumour types.

Adverse events and outcomes in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma treated with limb amputation and a single subcutaneous infusion of carboplatin.

Objective: To evaluate adverse events and outcomes in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma treated with limb amputation followed by a single SC infusion of carboplatin.

Animals: 45 client-owned dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma treated with limb amputation and SC infusion of carboplatin between January 1, 2006, and January 15, 2017.

Procedures: Medical records were reviewed, and data collected included signalment, tumor location, treatment, results of clinicopathologic analyses and diagnostic imaging, adverse effects of chemotherapy, metastasis-free interval, survival time, and communications with owners and referring veterinarians.

Who operated on me? What patients understand about surgical trainees.

Aims: To evaluate whether information delivered to patients about the level of training of the person operating on them is understandable and meaningful. To establish whether post-operative patients can identify when a doctor, undergoing training in surgery, has performed their surgery. To identify terms that are clear to patients, which can be used to improve understanding.

A Comparative Outcome Study of Hamstring Versus Tibialis Anterior and Synthetic Grafts for Deltoid to Triceps Transfers.

Purpose: To assess elbow extension strength and complications after deltoid-triceps transfers using hamstring tendon graft compared with tibialis anterior and synthetic tendon grafts.

Methods: A retrospective review of deltoid-triceps transfers in patients with tetraplegia performed between 1983 and 2014.

Results: Seventy-five people (136 arms) had surgery performed, with the majority undergoing simultaneous bilateral surgery (n = 61; 81%).

Identification of patients with cervical SCI suitable for early nerve transfer to achieve hand opening.

Study Design: Retrospective audit.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the proportion of patients with cervical spinal cord injury who would potentially benefit from nerve transfer surgery to gain active hand opening, and to determine when a safe nerve transfer decision can be made.

Setting: Christchurch, New Zealand.

Incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in a New Zealand population of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients.

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is associated with an increased incidence and aggressiveness of skin cancers, particularly cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), but little is known about cSCC incidence in Australasian CLL patients.

Aim: In this retrospective study, we analysed the incidence of cSCC in patients seen at a tertiary hospital in New Zealand (NZ).

Methods: We retrospectively assessed the clinical history and histology data of CLL patients (n = 371) who presented to the Haematology Department, Christchurch Hospital, NZ during the period 1996-2015.

Tendon Transfer Surgery for People With Tetraplegia: An Overview.

After cervical spinal cord injury, the loss of upper limb function is common. This affects an individual's ability to perform activities of daily living and participate in previous life roles. There are surgical procedures that can restore some of the upper limb function lost after cervical spinal cord injury.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas with markers of increased metastatic risk are associated with elevated numbers of neutrophils and/or granulocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells.

Background: A subset of presenting cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC) is high risk with respect to their high rates of recurrence, metastasis and patient death. The identification of such high risk CSCC is problematic. Neutrophil and granulocytic myeloid derived suppressor cell (G-MDSC) numbers are elevated in a number of cancers, but their association with current markers of high risk tumors in the setting of CSCC is unknown.

The Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand: progressing the evidence base for burn care.

Objective: Analysis of data from the Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand (BRANZ) to determine the extent of variation between participating units in treatment and in specific outcomes during the first 4 years of its operation.

Design: BRANZ, an initiative of the Australian and New Zealand Burn Association, is a clinical quality registry developed in accordance with the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Healthcare national operating principles.

Setting: Patients with burn injury who fulfil pre-defined criteria are transferred to and managed in designated burn units.

Keratin-based products for effective wound care management in superficial and partial thickness burns injuries.

This n=40 cohort study on superficial and partial thickness burns compares novel keratin-based products with the standard products used at our facility. The keratin products are found to facilitate healing with minimal scarring, be well tolerated with minimal pain and itch, be easy to use for the health professional and be cost effective for the health care provider. For these reasons they are being adopted into use at our facility.

A regional programme to improve skin cancer management.

Background And Context: In 2008, public specialist and general practice services in Canterbury were unable to manage demand for skin cancer treatment. Local clinicians decided the solution was to develop a see-and-treat skin excision clinic staffed by plastic surgeons and general practitioners (GPs), and the introduction of subsidised excisions in general practice. This paper describes the collaboration between clinicians, managers and funders and the results and quality management measures of these initiatives.

Keratin gel improves poor scarring following median sternotomy.

Background: Linear hypertrophic scarring is a common surgical problem that can be difficult to manage. This article evaluates median sternotomy wounds that have often been reported to scar poorly resulting in hypertrophic scar formation.

Methods: This study is a single-blinded, open-labelled pilot study of 20 patients using keratin gel as the intervention and aqueous cream as the control, which are each applied to a different half of the wound daily over 6 months.

Ovine forestomach matrix as a substrate for single-stage split-thickness graft reconstruction.

Objective: Split skin graft reconstruction of scalp defects often leaves an obvious contour defect. Here, we aimed to demonstrate the use of a decellularized extracellular matrix biomaterial, termed ovine forestomach matrix (OFM), as a substrate for split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs) for scalp reconstruction.

Methods: Following full-thickness tumor excision, OFM was applied directly to skull periosteum, and then an STSG was applied.

Second intention healing after wide local excision of soft tissue sarcomas in the distal aspects of the limbs in dogs: 31 cases (2005-2012).

Objective: To determine outcomes for dogs with soft tissue sarcomas in the distal aspects of the limbs that underwent second intention healing after wide excision (2-cm lateral surgical margins and a margin 1 fascial plane deep) of the tumors.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 31 dogs with soft tissue sarcomas in the distal aspects of the limbs that underwent second intention healing following wide local excision of their tumors.