Modulation of tenofovir by probenecid: Impact on drug, interleukin-1β, and dopamine concentration in the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum.

The blood-brain barrier's limited permeability to tenofovir restricts its ability to clear HIV from the brain. Probenecid acting as an adjuvant increases tenofovir concentrations in plasma and the kidneys thereby enhancing its therapeutic effect. However, the probenecid effect on brain tenofovir concentration and possible adverse effects remains poorly understood.