Primary and revision myringoplasty in children: Long-term outcome and analysis of the factors influencing the results.

Objective: Assess the long-term outcome of pediatric myringoplasty.

Methods: Tympanoplasty type I, myringoplasty, was performed on 85 children (91 consecutive operations, 74 primary and 17 revisions) under 16 years of age. The perforations were sequela either to acute or chronic inflammatory middle ear disease.

Increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in Southwest Finland, 2007-2016: An analysis of shifting strain dynamics and emerging risk factors.

Objective: Substantial rise in the annual incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was reported in Southwest Finland (12.4-24.9/100,000 people) between 2007 and 2016.

Preventing retraumatisation in torture survivors during surgical care: results of a guideline-development project and qualitative study exploring healthcare providers' experiences.

Objectives: Insufficient training and the absence of guidelines increase the risk of retraumatisation in torture survivors during surgical procedures. This study aims to develop guidelines to mitigate this risk and gather healthcare professionals' experiences treating torture survivors and insights on the guideline's feasibility and acceptability.

Design: The study was conducted in two phases.

Microbiome of the External Auditory Canal: Changes After Long-Term Hearing Aid Use.

Objective: To investigate the microbial changes of long-term hearing aid use culture independently.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Patients: Fifty long-term hearing aid users and 80 volunteer controls with asymptomatic ears.

Torture survivors' experiences of receiving surgical treatment indicating re- traumatization.

Due to the invasive nature of surgical procedures and the involvement of medical personnel, torture survivors may experience re-traumatization during surgical treatment. This study aimed to explore torture survivors' experiences of re-traumatization during surgical treatment as well as the process by which trauma-related emotions and responses are evoked during surgical treatment for torture survivors. Eight men, aged 45 to 72, from four different countries, who have lived in Norway for 6-40 years, were recruited.

Balloon dilation improves both the hearing level and the quality of life in patients suffering from obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction.

Purpose: Chronic obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (OETD) can lead to tympanic membrane (TM) retraction and middle ear effusion (MEE) which can cause conductive hearing impairment, which among other ear symptoms can lower the quality of life (QoL). In this prospective study we assess hearing results and subjective changes in QoL following balloon Eustachian tuboplasty (BET) in treatment of OETD.

Methods: Totally 25 ears with TM retraction and 18 ears with MEE due to chronic OETD underwent BET as the sole intervention.

Re-traumatization of torture survivors during treatment in somatic healthcare services: A mapping review and appraisal of literature presenting clinical guidelines and recommendations to prevent re-traumatization.

Rationale: The number of torture survivors is on the rise, posing issues for their care in healthcare settings. Even healthcare experts with training in refugee care are unaware of the health difficulties faced by torture survivors. Any medical evaluation or treatment has the potential to re-traumatize torture survivors, thereby reactivating trauma symptoms without applicable guidelines to prevent re-traumatization.

Consonant and vowel confusions in well-performing adult cochlear implant users, measured with a nonsense syllable repetition test.

Objective: The study's objective was to identify consonant and vowel confusions in cochlear implant (CI) users, using a nonsense syllable repetition test.

Design: In this cross-sectional study, participants repeated recorded mono- and bisyllabic nonsense words and real-word monosyllables in an open-set design.

Study Sample: Twenty-eight Norwegian-speaking, well-performing adult CI users (13 unilateral and 15 bilateral), using implants from Cochlear, Med-El and Advanced Bionics, and a reference group of 20 listeners with normal hearing participated.

Laser, radiofrequency or tympanostomy knife? Comparison of surgical methods in tympanostomy treatment of young children and predictive value of tympanometry.

Objectives: To investigate tympanostomy tube (TT) treatment in young children, with special interest in bloodless surgical methods (laser and radiofrequency), myringosclerosis formation and tympanometric testing.

Methods: This prospective study includes 76 children whose 121 ears with middle ear effusion were treated with tympanostomy tubes. Myringotomy was performed with CO laser in 37, radiofrequency in 40 and myringotomy knife in 44 ears.

Whole genome sequencing reveals new links between spa t172/CC59 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus cases in low-endemicity region of Southwest Finland, 2007‒2016.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) rates have remained relatively low in Finland. In Southwest Finland, however, annual MRSA incidence increased from 12 to 25/100,000 between 2007 and 2016 with spa t172 strain causing one fourth (237/983) of all cases. This provoked us to study the molecular epidemiology of t172-MRSA, aiming to better understand the transmission of this strain type.

Lugol's solution and Gentian violet eradicate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in skin wound infections.

The study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of Lugol's solution 5% and Gentian violet 1% against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm in vivo. The bactericidal efficacy for treatment of MRSA-biofilm skin wound infection was tested in a murine model. Luciferase-tagged S.

Development and evaluation of guidelines for prevention of retraumatisation in torture survivors during surgical care: protocol for a multistage qualitative study.

Introduction: Healthcare professionals working in somatic departments are not trained to recognise signs of torture or provide appropriate healthcare to torture survivors, which may result in retraumatisation during surgical treatment.

Methods And Analysis: This protocol outlines a four-stage qualitative-method strategy for the development and evaluation of guidelines for prevention of retraumatisation of torture survivors during surgical care. The systematic search for literature review in stages 1 and 2 was conducted in August 2019 and March 2021, respectively, using nine databases.

Development of otology specific outcome measure: Ear Outcome Survey-16 (EOS-16).

Purpose: An important outcome measure of patient care is the impact on the patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Current ear-specific HRQoL instruments are designed for one diagnosis and emphasize different subdivisions such as symptoms, hearing problems, psychosocial impact, and the need for care. The optimal length of the recall period has not been studied.

Microbiome of the Healthy External Auditory Canal.

Objective: To investigate the microbiota of the healthy external auditory canal (EAC) culture-independently and to evaluate the usefulness of the swabbing method in collecting EAC microbiota samples.

Study Design: Cohort study.

Patients: Fifty healthy asymptomatic working-age volunteers.

Bioactive glass S53P4 eradicates in biofilm/planktonic states .

Increasing antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics is a substantial health threat. Bioactive glass S53P4 (BAG) has an antimicrobial effect that can reduce the use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of BAG on staphylococci in biofilm and in planktonic form.

Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibition on inflammation in atherosclerosis: A F-fluorodeoxyglucose study of a mouse model of atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes.

Background And Aims: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective effects. We evaluated the effects of the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin on atherosclerotic plaque and hepatic inflammation using histology and 2-deoxy-2-[F]-fluoro-d-glucose (F-FDG), a positron emission tomography tracer of inflammation, in a mouse model of hypercholesterolemia and type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Igf2/LdlrApob mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and then randomly allocated to receive HFD (n = 14), or HFD with added linagliptin (n = 15) for additional 12 weeks.

Therapeutic Antibody Against Phosphorylcholine Preserves Coronary Function and Attenuates Vascular F-FDG Uptake in Atherosclerotic Mice.

This study showed that treatment with a therapeutic monoclonal immunoglobulin-G1 antibody against phosphorylcholine on oxidized phospholipids preserves coronary flow reserve and attenuates atherosclerotic inflammation as determined by the uptake of F-fluorodeoxyglucose in atherosclerotic mice. The noninvasive imaging techniques represent translational tools to assess the efficacy of phosphorylcholine-targeted therapy on coronary artery function and atherosclerosis in clinical studies.

Endoscopic findings and long-term hearing results for pediatric unilateral conductive hearing loss.

Objectives: Analyze reasons for unilateral conductive hearing loss (CHL) with unknown etiology in children.

Introduction: Unilateral conductive hearing loss (HL) without known etiology can be undiagnosed despite of hearing screening programs. It can be difficult to find the reason for HL and to make a treatment plan.

CT imaging of the Eustachian tube using focal contrast medium administration: a feasibility study in humans.

Several methods of imaging the Eustachian tube have been tested in the last century, although neither has led to an established method. The introduction of balloon Eustachian tuboplasty (BET) has revived the request for Eustachian tube (ET) visualization in patients with chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction. Many institutions perform preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans of the temporal bone and epipharynx before BET.

Changing epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a low endemicity area-new challenges for MRSA control.

The incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has increased sharply in Hospital District of Southwest Finland (HD). To understand reasons behind this, a retrospective, population-based study covering 10 years was conducted. All new 983 MRSA cases in HD from January 2007 to December 2016 were analysed.

The status of Eustachian tube balloon dilations in Nordic countries.

There is no unanimous consensus for indications of eustachian tube balloon dilation (ETBD). Nordic countries have relatively similar hospital organizations and treatment guidelines. Therefore, it was logical to organize a consensus meeting of ETBD.

Evaluation of Artificial Fixation of the Incus and Malleus With Minimally Invasive Intraoperative Laser Vibrometry (MIVIB) in a Temporal Bone Model.

Background: A significant number of adults suffer from conductive hearing loss due to chronic otitis media, otosclerosis, or other pathologies. An objective measurement of ossicular mobility is needed to avoid unnecessarily invasive middle ear surgery and to improve hearing outcomes.

Methods: Minimally invasive intraoperative laser vibrometry provides a method that is compatible with middle ear surgery, where the tympanic membrane is elevated.