Temporal bone trauma effects on auditory anatomical structures in mastoid obliteration.

Purpose: The risk of temporal bone fractures in head trauma is not negligible, as injuries also depend on the resistance and integrity of head structures. The capacity of mastoid cells to absorb part of the impact kinetic energy of the temporal bone is diminished after open cavity mastoidectomy, even if the surgical procedure is followed by mastoid obliteration. The aim of our study was to evaluate the severity of lesions in auditory anatomical structures after a lateral impact on cadaveric temporal bones in which open cavity mastoidectomy followed by mastoid obliteration was performed, compared to cadaveric temporal bones with preserved mastoids.

Anatomy of the Limbic White Matter Tracts as Revealed by Fiber Dissection and Tractography.

Background: The limbic tracts are involved in crucial cerebral functions such as memory, emotion, and behavior. The complex architecture of the limbic circuit makes it harder to approach compared with other white matter networks. Our study aims to describe the 3-dimensional anatomy of the limbic white matter by the use of 2 complementary study methods, namely ex vivo fiber dissection and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging-based tractography.

MRI as indicator of pulmonary tuberculosis activity: from morphological to molecular level assessment - a case report.

We present the case of an adult patient with active post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and discuss specific morphological and textural aspects found at high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lung. The 42-year-old man, heavy smoker, undertook a routine employment medical examination and was admitted to a referral pulmonology and TB center due to the abnormal findings seen on his chest radiography. The patient presented nonspecific symptoms, bilateral bronchial breath at pulmonary auscultation, inflammatory syndrome on the laboratory blood tests and positive sputum smears for acid-fast bacilli, which together with the typical aspect on the chest radiography lead to a diagnosis of post-primary pulmonary TB and administration of specific medication.

The Added Value of Color Parameters in Analyzing Elastographic Images of Ultrasound Detected Breast Focal Lesions.

Aims: The purpose of the study was to determine if the color quantitative analysis obtained on elastographic images of breast lesions could improve the benign-malignant differentiation, and also to identify some of the circumstances which would benefit most from such an analysis.

Patients And Methods: The study design was a longitudinal prospective one, all data being acquired between May 2007 and September 2008. The US device used: Hitachi 8500 EUB machine with elastography option.

Evaluation of the normal-to-diseased apparent diffusion coefficient ratio as an indicator of prostate cancer aggressiveness.

Background: We tested the feasibility of a simple method for assessment of prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to calculate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) ratios between prostate cancer and healthy prostatic tissue.

Methods: The requirement for institutional review board approval was waived. A set of 20 standardized core transperineal saturation biopsy specimens served as the reference standard for placement of regions of interest on ADC maps in tumorous and normal prostatic tissue of 22 men with PCa (median Gleason score: 7; range, 6-9).

Breast Diagnosis: Concordance Analysis Between the BI-RADS Classification and Tsukuba Sonoelastography Score.

Aims: To establish the correlations between the ultrasound (US) BI-RADS classification and Tsukuba elastography score when assessing breast lesions. To determine which type of breast lesion (BI-RADS category) would benefit most from an elastographic assessment.

Patients And Methods: The investigated sample of imaging comprised a number of 129 images belonging to 92 subjects examined with a Hitachi 8500 US device.

Theoretical compartment modeling of DCE-MRI data based on the transport across physiological barriers in the brain.

Neurological disorders represent major causes of lost years of healthy life and mortality worldwide. Development of their quantitative interdisciplinary in vivo evaluation is required. Compartment modeling (CM) of brain data acquired in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging techniques with clinically available contrast agents can be performed to quantitatively assess brain perfusion.

Superficial leiomyosarcoma of the scalp: a case report.

We present the case of a 91-year old female, with no family history of malignancy, diagnosed with primary superficial leiomyosarcoma G1 of the scalp with frontal bone lysis and intracranial extension. The particularity of this case is the rarity of this tumor and the uncommon location. Also the bone involvement, present in our case, has been seen only in a reduced number of patients, approximately 10% of the cases.

Sonoelastography contribution in cerebral palsy spasticity treatment assessment, preliminary report: a systematic review of the literature apropos of seven patients.

This paper aims to present our experience of 7 cases of spastic children, using sonoelastography in assessing the muscle spasticity: the relaxed muscle structures appear mostly soft (green-yellow-red), while contracted or degenerated muscle fibers appear hard (blue). Using sonoelastographic findings we established the proper place for injecting the botulinum toxin (20 U/kg Dysport) into the affected muscle. The result was a precise, guided injection, with positive, therapeutic results.