Insights from the nexus between economic growth and green energy.

The research aims to provide a new approach and insights into the nexus between economic growth and green energy by analyzing their direct, indirect, and total linkages at the European Union level (EU-27). To this end, an advanced empirical analysis performed by network analysis, as Gaussian Graphical Models, is carried out for the period 2012-2022 The originality of network analysis lies in the fact that it allows the simultaneous visualization of all the links between variables in a complex system of dependencies. The novelty of the paper is twofold: first, it addresses the issue of renewable energy in an innovative way that captures three key stages of the EU policy (renewables' capacity; share of renewable energy; and final consumption); second, it advances the nexus analysis by considering technological investments.