Morphometric Analysis of the Retrolabyrinthine Approach to the Posterior Fossa.

Introduction: The retrolabyrinthine approach provides shorter working distance and less cerebellar retraction compared with the retrosigmoid approach to the internal acoustic canal (IAC) and cerebellopontine angle cistern. However, exposure of the ventral surface of the brainstem and petroclival region may be restricted. Trautmann's triangle (TT), an area intimately related to this region, demonstrates significant anatomical variability, which may adversely affect the ease of the approach.

Does a patient with acquired arbovirus infection have a hearing impairment? A scoping review of hearing changes in an adult with Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika.

Objectives: To identify and understand the evidence regarding hearing changes related to acquired Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika virus infection in adult individuals.

Methods: A scoping review was performed according to the recommendations of The Joanna Briggs Institute and guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews in the Embase, PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases without restriction on language and year of publication. Case studies, observational studies, and clinical trials reporting hearing loss in adult subjects (>18-60 years of age) of both sexes with DENV, CHIKV, or ZIKV diagnosed by positive molecular/serological examination by RT-PCR or IgM/IgG by ELISA method were included.

Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in Children with Prenatal Exposure to Zika Virus.

Prenatal exposure to ZIKV can cause neurologic and auditory damage. The electrophysiological responses obtained by Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials (CAEP) may provide an objective method to investigate the function of cortical auditory pathways in children exposed to ZIKV. This case series analyzed the findings of CAEP in prenatal-period ZIKV-exposed children with and without microcephaly.

Descriptive study of goat external and middle ear through computed tomography and endoscopic evaluation, compared with the human ear.

Objective: To describe the external and middle ear of goats, using computed tomography and endoscopic dissection, comparing them with the anatomy of the human ear, aiming to evaluate the viability of this animal model for training in otological endoscopic surgery.

Methods: Images of the external and middle ear of goats were produced by computed tomography in the coronal and axial planes and analyzed. The radiological anatomy of the external and middle goat and human ear are described.

Use of nasal mucosa graft in tympanoplasty.

Introduction: Tympanoplasty techniques with different types of graft have been used to close tympanic perforations since the 19th century. Tragal cartilage and temporalis fascia are the most frequently used types of graft. They lead to similar functional and morphological results in most cases.

The Value of Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex in Determining the Maximum Comfort Level of a Cochlear Implant.

Background: One of the most important steps for good user performance with a cochlear implant (CI) is activation and programming, aimed at determining the dynamic range. In adults, current levels are determined by psychophysical measures. In babies, small children, or individuals with multiple disorders, this procedure requires techniques that may provide inconsistent responses because of auditory inexperience or the age of the child, making it a very difficult process that demands the collaboration of both the patient and the family.

DIABETES REMISSION RATE IN DIFFERENT BMI GRADES FOLLOWING ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has a high long-term remission rate after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), but few studies have analyzed patients with BMI<35 kg/m2.

Aim: To compare glycemic control after LRYGB between BMI 30-35 kg/m2 (intervention group or IG) and >35 kg/m2 patients (control group or CG) and to evaluate weight loss, comorbidities and surgical morbidity.

Methods: Sixty-six diabetic patients (30 in IG group and 36 in CG group) were submitted to LRYGB.

[Sugammadex by ideal body weight versus 20% and 40% corrected weight in bariatric surgery - double-blind randomized clinical trial].

Background And Objectives: The weight parameters for use of sugammadex in morbidly obese patients still need to be defined.

Methods: A prospective clinical trial was conducted with sixty participants with body mass index ≥ 40 kg.m during bariatric surgery, randomized into three groups: ideal weight (IW), 20% corrected body weight (CW20) and 40% corrected body weight (CW40).

Treatment of tympanic membrane perforation using bacterial cellulose: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Promising treatments for tympanic membrane perforation closure have been studied. Therapies derived from tissue engineering probably eliminate the need for conventional surgery. Bacterial cellulose is presented as an alternative that is safe, biocompatible, and has low toxicity.

The anatomical orientation of the middle turn of the cochlea: importance during surgical implantation of the ossified cochlea.

Hypothesis: The physical relationship between anatomical landmarks such as the tympanic portion of the facial nerve and the orientation of the middle turn of the cochlea are sufficiently constant to provide guidance to surgeons performing cochlear implantation in the ossified cochlea.

Background: Placing an implant in an ossified cochlea is technically difficult. The surgeon needs to drill two tunnels through the promontory bone to insert electrode arrays in the region of the basal and middle turns of the cochlea.

Middle ear packing materials: comparison between absorbable hemostatic gelatine sponge and sugarcane biopolymer sponge in rats.

Introduction: Several biomaterials can be used in ear surgery to pack the middle ear or support the graft. The absorbable gelatin sponge is the most widely used, but it may produce fibrosis and impair ventilation of the middle ear.

Objective: This experimental study aimed to investigate the inflammatory effects of the sugarcane biopolymer sponge (BP) in the rat middle ear compared with absorbable gelatin sponge (AGS).

Effect of sugarcane biopolymer gel injected in rabbit vocal fold.

Introduction: Alterations in the vocal folds that involve volume reduction and glottal closure failure result in exaggerated air escape during speech. For such situations, the use of implants or grafts of different materials has been proposed.

Objective: To define the effect of sugarcane biopolymer gel when implanted in the vocal folds of rabbits.

Auditory processing performance in blind people.

Unlabelled: Hearing has an important role in human development and social adaptation in blind people.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of temporal auditory processing in blind people; to characterize the temporal resolution ability; to characterize the temporal ordinance ability and to compare the performance of the study population in the applied tests.

Methods: Fifteen blind adults participated in this study.

[Sugarcane biopolymer membrane: experimental evaluation in the middle ear].

New developments on biomaterials are important in surgery. The behavior of a new membrane produced from sugarcane will be evaluated in the middle ear of rats. This study analyzed the results from the interaction of the sugarcane-base biopolymer membrane in the middle ear of a rat.

New system of instrument stabilization in laryngeal microsurgery.

Unlabelled: Laryngeal microsurgery is a kind of treatment for various laryngeal diseases. Because of the need of long instruments and delicate maneuvers, involuntary movements represent relevant difficulty and may be responsible for unintended post-operative results.

Aim: This study proposes a new stabilization system, flexible and versatile, which can significantly reduce involuntary movements made by surgeons.

The knowledge of gynecologists and pediatricians from Recife public hospitals about high risk factors for deafness.

Unlabelled: Hearing is one of the main forms of connection between human being and the environment; however, hearing loss is still diagnosed very late in Brazil, which directly interferes with the child's development.

Aim: The aim of this study was to check the knowledge pediatricians and gynecologists have about the risk factors for the deafness, the way they acquired such knowledge and parent education about the subject.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 119 doctors from three public hospitals of the city of Recife.

Hearing impairment diagnosis in Pernambuco: services of intermediate complexity--2003.

Unlabelled: Universal and equal access to health care, granted to the population as of the brazilian constitution of 1988, made it easier the early diagnosis of hearing impairment. Thus, through the sistema único de saúde (sus), public and private health care providers granted this health coverage to the whole brazilian population, in the different levels of complexity.

Aim: this paper aims at studying the supply of intermediate complexity hearing impairment diagnosis in pernambuco in the first semester of 2003.

Influence of hypercalcemia in the formation of tympanosclerosis in rats.

Hypothesis: Hypercalcemia is thought to perform an important role in the etiopathogenesis of tympanosclerosis. The purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of hypercalcemia in the development of tympanosclerosis in rats with or without acute otitis media.

Background: The pathogenesis of tympanosclerosis is still unclear.