Use of Biochar Prepared from the Açaí Seed as Adsorbent for the Uptake of Catechol from Synthetic Effluents.

This work proposes a facile methodology for producing porous biochar material (ABC) from açaí kernel residue, produced by chemical impregnation with ZnCl2 (1:1) and pyrolysis at 650.0 °C. The characterization was achieved using several techniques, and the biochar material was employed as an adsorbent to remove catechol.

Removal of pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous solution by novel activated carbon synthesized from lovegrass (Poaceae).

In this work, lovegrass (Cpa), an abundant grass of the Poaceae family, was employed as feedstock for the production of activated carbon in a conventional furnace using ZnCl as a chemical activator. The prepared material (Cpa-AC) was characterized by pH of the point of zero charges (pH), Boehm's titration method, CHN/O elemental analysis, ATR-FTIR, N adsorption/desorption curves, and SEM. This carbon material was used for adsorption of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and sodium diclofenac (DFC).

Removal of amoxicillin from simulated hospital effluents by adsorption using activated carbons prepared from capsules of cashew of Para.

High-surface-area activated carbons were prepared from an agroindustrial residue, Bertholletia excelsa capsules known as capsules of Para cashew (CCP), that were utilized for removing amoxicillin from aqueous effluents. The activated carbons were prepared with the proportion of CCP:ZnCl 1:1, and this mixture was pyrolyzed at 600 (CCP-600) and 700 °C (CCP700). The CCP.

Conversion of Eragrostis plana Nees leaves to activated carbon by microwave-assisted pyrolysis for the removal of organic emerging contaminants from aqueous solutions.

Eragrostis plana Nees leaves, abundant lignocellulosic biomass, was used as carbon source for preparation of activated carbon, by using microwave-assisted pyrolysis and chemical activation. The novel activated carbon (MWEPN) was characterised by FTIR, CHN elemental analysis, Boehm's titration method, TGA, SEM, N adsorption/desorption curves and pH of the point of zero charge (pH). Afterwards, the adsorbent was successfully employed for adsorption of the two emerging contaminants (caffeine and 2-nitrophenol).

Activated carbons from avocado seed: optimisation and application for removal of several emerging organic compounds.

In this study, avocado seed was successfully used as raw material for producing activated carbons by conventional pyrolysis. In order to determine the best condition to produce the activated carbons, a 2 full-factorial design of experiment (DOE) with three central points was employed by varying the temperature and time of pyrolysis. The two evaluated factors (temperature and time of pyrolysis) strongly influenced the S, pore volumes, hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity ratio (HI) and functional groups values; both factors had a negative effect over S, pore volumes and functional groups which means that increasing the values of factors leads to decrease of these responses; on the other hand, with regards to HI, both factors caused a positive effect which means that increasing their values, the HI has an enhancement over its values.

Microwave-activated carbons from tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) seed for efficient removal of 2-nitrophenol from aqueous solutions.

Activated carbons (ACs) prepared from tucumã seed (Astrocaryum aculeatum) were used for 2-nitrophenol removal from aqueous solutions. The ACs were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, N adsorption/desorption isotherms, TGA, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity balance, and total of acidic and basic groups. The ACs showed to have hydrophilic surfaces and they presented high specific surface areas (up to 1318 m g).

Effects of first-row transition metals and impregnation ratios on the physicochemical properties of microwave-assisted activated carbons from wood biomass.

First-row transition metals (Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) were successfully used in the preparation of activated carbons from wood biomass via microwave-assisted irradiation. Physical-chemical properties of the produced materials (MWAC) were studied by nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves, SEM, FTIR, UV-vis DRS and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, CHN elemental analysis, TGA/DTG, pH, hydrophobic properties, and total acidity and basicity groups. Results showed that the metals were bound successfully in different amounts with surface functional groups of the wood biomass through ion exchange and surface complexation interaction during the impregnation step.

Adsorption of Direct Blue 53 dye from aqueous solutions by multi-walled carbon nanotubes and activated carbon.

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and powder activated carbon (PAC) were used as adsorbents for adsorption of Direct Blue 53 dye (DB-53) from aqueous solutions. The adsorbents were characterised using Raman spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The effects of initial pH, contact time and temperature on adsorption capacity of the adsorbents were investigated.

Cellulose microfiber functionalized with N,N'-bis (2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine as a solid sorbent for the fast preconcentration of Cd(II) in flow system analysis.

The present paper describes the synthesis of a new chemically modified cellulose microfiber through oxidation with sodium periodate and functionalization with N,N'-bis (2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine for the fast and selective preconcentration of Cd(II) ions in flow system analysis. The new sorbent was characterized by FTIR, SEM, and surface area values. The uptake behavior of Cd(II) ions onto this sorbent was evaluated from kinetic data, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, as well as from Langmuir, Freundlich and Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption isotherms.

Antimicrobial membrane cellulose acetate containing ionic liquid and metal nanoparticles.

Stable metallic Au(0), Ag(0) and Pt(0) nanoparticle-containing membrane films (20 microm thickness) were obtained by combining irregularly shaped nanoparticles of monomodal size distributions (11 +/- 1.5 nm Au(0), 8.9 +/- 2.

Application of carbon adsorbents prepared from Brazilian-pine fruit shell for the removal of reactive orange 16 from aqueous solution: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies.

Activated (AC-PW) and non-activated (C-PW) carbonaceous materials were prepared from the Brazilian-pine fruit shell (Araucaria angustifolia) and tested as adsorbents for the removal of reactive orange 16 dye (RO-16) from aqueous effluents. The effects of shaking time, adsorbent dosage and pH on the adsorption capacity were studied. RO-16 uptake was favorable at pH values ranging from 2.

Metal nanoparticle/ionic liquid/cellulose: new catalytically active membrane materials for hydrogenation reactions.

Transition metal-containing membrane films of 10, 20, and 40 μm thickness were obtained by the combination of irregularly shaped nanoparticles with monomodal size distributions of 4.8 ± 1.1 nm (Rh(0)) and 3.

Pecan nutshell as biosorbent to remove Cu(II), Mn(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions.

In the present study we reported for the first time the feasibility of pecan nutshell (PNS, Carya illinoensis) as an alternative biosorbent to remove Cu(II), Mn(II) and Pb(II) metallic ions from aqueous solutions. The ability of PNS to remove the metallic ions was investigated by using batch biosorption procedure. The effects such as, pH, biosorbent dosage on the adsorption capacities of PNS were studied.

Methylene blue biosorption from aqueous solutions by yellow passion fruit waste.

The yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims. f. flavicarpa Degener) (YPFW) a powdered solid waste, was tested as biosorbent for the removal of a cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), from aqueous solutions.

Adsorption of Cu(II) on Araucaria angustifolia wastes: determination of the optimal conditions by statistic design of experiments.

Wastes of Araucaria angustifolia (named pinhão) natural (PW) and also loaded with Congo red (CRP) were tested as low-cost adsorbents for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solutions. In order to reduce the total number of experiments to achieve the best conditions of the batch adsorption procedure, three sets of statistical designs of experiments were carried-out for each adsorbent. Initially, a full 2(4) factorial design for each adsorbent with two central points (18 experiments) were performed, to optimize the following factors: mass of adsorbent (m), pH, time of contact (t) and initial metallic ion concentration (Co).

Structure and property studies of hybrid xerogels containing bridged positively charged 1,4-diazoniabicycle[2.2.2]octane dichloride.

The compound di-3-n-propyltrimethoxysilane (1,4-diazoniabicycle[2.2.2]octane) dichloride, [(MeO)3Si(CH2)3N+ (CH2CH2)3N+ (CH2)3Si(OME)3]Cl2 was obtained and was used as a precursor reagent to obtain hybrid xerogels where the organic molecule was bonded to a silica framework by reacting the ends of both sides of the precursor reagent.

Statistical design of experiments as a tool for optimizing the batch conditions to Cr(VI) biosorption on Araucaria angustifolia wastes.

In order to reduce the total number of experiments for achieving the best conditions for Cr(VI) uptake using Araucaria angustifolia (named pinhão) wastes as a biosorbent, three statistical design of experiments were carried out. A full 2(4) factorial design with two blocks and two central points (20 experiments) was experimented (pH, initial metallic ion concentration-C(o), biosorbent concentration-X and time of contact-t), showing that all the factors were significant; besides, several interactions among the factors were also significant. These results led to the performance of a Box-Behnken surface analysis design with three factors (X, C(o) and t) and three central points and just one block (15 experiments).