Oesophageal wall thickness assessment at endoscopic ultrasound in children and adolescents with eosinophilic oesophagitis: a case-control study.

Purpose: Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disease, and an endosonographic evaluation may help the diagnosis. The main objectives of this study were to measure the thickness of the oesophageal wall using a radial endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), mucosa/submucosa (MSM), muscularis propria (MP) and mucosa to muscularis propria (MMP); to compare these measurements between patients with and without EoE; to correlate them with the Endoscopic Reference Score (EREFS); and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these measurements.

Methods: Children and adolescents (aging from 4 to 17 years) were evaluated in this prospective cross-sectional study.

Development and validation of a whole-cell ELISA for serologically diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in Brazilian children and adults: a diagnostic accuracy study.

Background: Serological tests are practical, with low cost, but no noninvasive tests are available for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in Brazil. The aim here was to develop and validate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) serological tests to detect anti-H.

High rate of clinical and endoscopic relapse after healing of erosive peptic esophagitis in children and adolescents.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to estimate the rate of clinical and endoscopic relapse after initial treatment of erosive peptic esophagitis in children and adolescents.

Methods: A total of 24 patients (2.1-16.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for Helicobacter pylori isolates from Brazilian children and adolescents: comparing agar dilution, E-test, and disk diffusion.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for Helicobacter pylori is increasingly important due to resistance to the most used antimicrobials agents. Only agar dilution method is approved by CLSI, but it is difficult to perform routinely. We evaluated the reliability of E-test and disk diffusion comparing to agar dilution method on Helicobacter pylori antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection by means of reduced-dose ¹³C-urea breath test and early sampling of exhaled breath.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of reduced-dose ¹³C-urea breath test (¹³C-UBT) and early sampling of exhaled breath for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents.

Methods: Patients up to 20 years old that underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with gastric biopsies were included. The ¹³C-UBT was performed after a 4-hour fasting period with 4 points of collection: baseline (T₀), and at 10, 20, and 30 minutes (T₁₀, T₂₀, and T₃₀) after ingestion of 25 mg ¹³C-urea diluted in 100 mL of apple juice.

High Helicobacter pylori resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin in Brazilian children and adolescents.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the primary and secondary resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains to clarithromycin, amoxicillin, furazolidone, tetracycline, and metronidazole, the conventional antibiotics presently used in Brazilian children and adolescents.

Methods: Seventy-seven consecutive H pylori strains, 71 of 77 strains obtained from patients without previous eradication treatment for H pylori infection, and 6 strains from patients in whom previous eradication treatment had failed.

Results: Global rate of resistance was 49.

Validation of a monoclonal stool antigen test for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in young children.

Background And Objective: The monoclonal stool antigen test for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in children has been tested in developed countries, showing sensitivity and specificity higher than 90%. However, its accuracy in young children from developing countries is not well established. The aim of the study was to determine the accuracy of the monoclonal stool antigen test for diagnosing H pylori infection in children up to 7 years old.

Decrease in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection during a 10-year period in Brazilian children.

Background: Decreasing prevalence of H pylori infection has been reported in some countries.

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a 10-year period in children submitted to upper digestive endoscopy.

Methods: It was a retrospective observational study.

Furazolidone-based triple therapy for H pylori gastritis in children.

Aim: To evaluate the furazolidone-based triple therapy in children with symptomatic H pylori gastritis.

Methods: A prospective and consecutive open trial was carried out. The study included 38 patients with upper digestive symptoms sufficiently severe to warrant endoscopic investigation.