The mediating role of kinesiophobia in pain intensity, physical function, and physical activity level in inflammatory arthritis.

Pain is the main symptom of inflammatory arthritis and it can impair physical functional performance and physical activity level. Some individuals can develop kinesiophobia and experience a vicious circle of worsening health. This study aimed to investigate the association between pain and physical functional performance/physical activity and determine whether kinesiophobia mediates this association.

Exercise, mTOR Activation, and Potential Impacts on the Liver in Rodents.

The literature offers a consensus on the association between exercise training (ET) protocols based on the adequate parameters of intensity and frequency, and several adaptive alterations in the liver. Indeed, regular ET can reverse glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, especially from aerobic modalities, which can decrease intrahepatic fat formation. In terms of molecular mechanisms, the regulation of hepatic fat formation would be directly related to the modulation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which would be stimulated by insulin signaling and Akt activation, from the following three different primary signaling pathways: (I) growth factor, (II) energy/ATP-sensitive, and (III) amino acid-sensitive signaling pathways, respectively.

Effects of Creatine Supplementation on the Myostatin Pathway and Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms in Different Skeletal Muscles of Resistance-Trained Rats.

Creatine has been used to maximize resistance training effects on skeletal muscles, including muscle hypertrophy and fiber type changes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of creatine supplementation on the myostatin pathway and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms in the slow- and fast-twitch muscles of resistance-trained rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: a sedentary control (Cc), sedentary creatine supplementation (Cr), resistance training (Tc), and resistance training combined with creatine supplementation (Tcr).

Analysis of high-intensity interval training on bone mineral density in an experimental model of type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: To analyze the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on bone mineral density (BMD) in a model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Thirty-two male, adult, 12-week-old rats (Rattus norvegicus), of the Wistar lineage, were used. The animals induced to the experimental model received a high fat diet for 10 days and, after that period, intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg·kg-1), dissolved in 20 mmol·L-1 sodium citrate solution (pH = 4.

Cardiovascular health indicators in soccer exercise during adolescence: systematic review.

This review analyzed the studies that evaluated cardiovascular health indicators (blood pressure, waist circumference, heart rate, glucose index and lipid blood) in recreational soccer players during adolescence, and identify possible associated factors. The search was performed in the electronic databases (PubMED, SciELO, LILACS, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science). Inclusion criteria were: population composed of children and/or adolescents (10-19 years or average age up to 19 years); studies adolescents engaged in recreational soccer regularly and observational studies with cross-sectional or longitudinal design.

The Torque Referenced to a Perceived Exertion Level Is Affected by the Type of Movement in Men With Spinal Cord Injury.

Objectives: To compare a standardized submaximal intensity (based on the rate of perceived exertion [RPE]) with the percentage of the average and peak torque during a familiarization session in individuals with different spinal cord injury (SCI) levels in gravity-resisted and gravity-assisted movements.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at a rehabilitation hospital. Thirty-six individuals stratified in tetraplegia (TP), high paraplegia (HP), and low paraplegia (LP) groups and 12 matched control participants (CG) were enrolled in the study.

Intermittent Fasting Attenuates Exercise Training-Induced Cardiac Remodeling.

Background: The effects of non-pharmacological interventions such as calorie restriction and exercise training on health and prevention of cardiovascular diseases have been investigated in clinical and experimental studies.

Objective: To analyze the influence of intermittent fasting and exercise training on functional fitness, glycemia and cardiac remodeling.

Methods: Wistar rats (n=60) were randomly divided into four groups: control, exercise training (ET), intermittent fasting (IF) and exercise training plus intermittent fasting (ETI).

AT1Receptor Blockade Improves Myocardial Functional Performance in Obesity.

Background Obesity has been associated with chronic activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and with significant changes in cardiac performance. Objective To assess the impact of a blockade of angiotensin-II receptor type 1 (AT1receptor) on morphology and on myocardial functional performance in rats with high-fat diet- induced obesity. Methods Wistar rats (n=48) were submitted to control (2.

Could current factors be associated with retrospective sports injuries in Brazilian jiu-jitsu? A cross-sectional study.

Background: Brazilian jiu-jitsu is characterized by musculoskeletal disorders and high occurrence of sports injuries. The present study was aimed to analyze some internal factors, as well as to describe occurrence and characteristics of retrospective musculoskeletal injuries in different age groups of Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners.

Methods: One hundred ninety-three Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners, which were divided into three age groups: Adolescent, Adult, and Master.

High-fat Diet Promotes Cardiac Remodeling in an Experimental Model of Obesity.

Background: Although nutritional, metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities are commonly seen in experimental studies of obesity, it is uncertain whether these effects result from the treatment or from body adiposity.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of treatment and body composition on metabolic and cardiovascular aspects in rats receiving high saturated fat diet.

Methods: Sixteen Wistar rats were used, distributed into two groups, the control (C) group, treated with isocaloric diet (2.

Obesity preserves myocardial function during blockade of the glycolytic pathway.

Background: Obesity is defined by excessive accumulation of body fat relative to lean tissue. Studies during the last few years indicate that cardiac function in obese animals may be preserved, increased or diminished.

Objective: Study the energy balance of the myocardium with the hypothesis that the increase in fatty acid oxidation and reduced glucose leads to cardiac dysfunction in obesity.

Influence of term of exposure to high-fat diet-induced obesity on myocardial collagen type I and III.

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for many medical complications; medical research has shown that hemodynamic, morphological and functional abnormalities are correlated with the duration and severity of obesity.

Objective: Present study determined the influence of term of exposure to high-fat diet-induced obesity on myocardial collagen type I and III.

Methods: Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into two groups: a control (C) group fed a standard rat chow and an obese (Ob) group alternately fed one of four palatable high-fat diets.

Influence of long-term obesity on myocardial gene expression.

Background: Several authors have shown that deterioration of cardiac function is associated with the degree and duration of obesity. It is necessary to establish the gene expression patterns after prolonged periods of obesity.

Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that increased duration of exposure to obesity leads to a reduction in the mRNA levels of proteins involved in regulation of myocardial Ca2+ homeostasis.

Food restriction promotes downregulation of myocardial L-type Ca2+ channels.

Food restriction (FR) has been shown to impair myocardial performance. However, the mechanisms behind these changes in myocardial function due to FR remain unknown. Since myocardial L-type Ca2+ channels may contribute to the cardiac dysfunction, we examined the influence of FR on L-type Ca2+ channels.