Effect of propranolol on temporomandibular joint pain in repeatedly stressed rats.

Stress substantially increases the risk of developing painful temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) by influencing the release of endogenous catecholamines. Propranolol, an antagonist of β-adrenergic receptors, has shown potential in alleviating TMD-associated pain, particularly when the level of catecholamines is elevated. The aim of this study was to explore whether intra-articular propranolol administration is effective in diminishing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain during repeated stress situations.

Anti-hyperalgesic effects of photobiomodulation therapy (904 nm) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy imply MAPK pathway and calcium dynamics modulation.

Several recent studies have established the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in painful clinical conditions. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) can be related to activating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), such as p38, in the peripheral nerve. MAPK pathway is activated in response to extracellular stimuli, including interleukins TNF-α and IL-1β.

Gait analysis correlates mechanical hyperalgesia in a model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy: A CatWalk dynamic motor function study.

Unlabelled: Peripheral neuropathy is a complication of diabetes commonly associated with pain and decline in motor compound action potential, leading to alterations in plantar pressure during gait. We identified motor impairments in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathic rats and correlated with mechanical withdrawal thresholds, establishing this correlation as a complementary method to investigate the development of chronic hyperalgesia in diabetic neuropathy.

Methods: UNICAMP's Ethics Committee (protocol number 3902-1) approved all experiments.

Peripheral Inflammatory Hyperalgesia Depends on P2X7 Receptors in Satellite Glial Cells.

Peripheral inflammatory hyperalgesia depends on the sensitization of primary nociceptive neurons. Inflammation drives molecular alterations not only locally but also in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) where interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and purinoceptors are upregulated. Activation of the P2X7 purinoceptors by ATP is essential for IL-1β maturation and release.

The onset speed of hyperglycemia is important to the development of neuropathic hyperalgesia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Diabetic neuropathic hyperalgesia is one of the most common diabetes complications. The physiopathological mechanism of hyperalgesia and the reason by which this condition affects only part of the diabetic patients still unclear. We tested whether an adaptation of primary afferent neurons to hyperglycemia could prevent the development of hyperalgesia.