Highly comparative time series analysis of oxygen saturation and heart rate to predict respiratory outcomes in extremely preterm infants.

Highly comparative time series analysis (HCTSA) is a novel approach involving massive feature extraction using publicly available code from many disciplines. The Prematurity-Related Ventilatory Control (Pre-Vent) observational multicenter prospective study collected bedside monitor data from>700extremely preterm infants to identify physiologic features that predict respiratory outcomes..

Efficacy of late postnatal dexamethasone on weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation in extreme premature infants.

Objective: To evaluate the short-term respiratory effects of PND in a cohort of ventilator-dependent premature infants.

Study Design: Clinical data from 106 infants 23-28 weeks gestation who received PND for weaning from MV during 2011-2017 were evaluated. PND was started at a dose of 0.

Changes in Patent Ductus Arteriosus Treatment Strategy and Respiratory Outcomes in Premature Infants.

Objective: To evaluate whether change in patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) management strategies over time had an impact on respiratory outcomes in premature infants.

Study Design: Prospectively collected data were included from all preterm infants born at 23-30 weeks gestational age with PDA admitted to the Children's Hospital of the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Medical Center from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2007 (epoch 1) and January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015 (epoch 2). The 2 epochs were compared for approach with PDA diagnosis and subsequent management strategies and respiratory outcomes.

Maternal preeclampsia and respiratory outcomes in extremely premature infants.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication characterized by an anti-angiogenic environment. This can affect fetal pulmonary vascular and alveolar development but data of the impact of PE on respiratory outcome in extremely premature infants are inconclusive. The objective of this study was to determine if PE is associated with an increased risk for severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely premature infants.

The Impact of Late Onset Arterial Hypotension on Respiratory Outcome in Extremely Premature Infants.

Background: In extremely premature infants, arterial hypotension in the first days after birth has been associated with an increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Some infants present with hypotension at a later postnatal age, but the relationship between late onset hypotension (LOH) and BPD has not been evaluated.

Objective: To evaluate the association between LOH and BPD and to identify pre- and postnatal factors associated with LOH.

Early Caffeine and Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Preterm Infants: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial the effect of early caffeine on the age of first successful extubation in preterm infants.

Study Design: Preterm infants born at 23-30 weeks of gestation requiring mechanical ventilation in the first 5 postnatal days were randomized to receive a 20 mg/kg loading dose followed by 5 mg/kg/day of caffeine or placebo until considered ready for extubation. The placebo group received a blinded loading dose of caffeine before extubation.

Randomized, controlled trial comparing synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support in preterm infants.

Background: Prolonged mechanical ventilation is associated with lung injury in preterm infants. In these infants, weaning from synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation may be delayed by their inability to cope with increased respiratory loads. The addition of pressure support to synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation can offset these loads and may facilitate weaning.

The association between early tracheal colonization and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between early tracheal colonization and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study which included 308 inborn neonates admitted to the newborn intensive care unit at the University of Miami Jackson Memorial Medical Center between January 1997 and December 2000 with birthweight 500 to 1000 g, who required mechanical ventilation on the first day of life. Chorioamnionitis was diagnosed by maternal symptoms and histopathopathology.