Impact of distinct dystrophin gene mutations on behavioral phenotypes of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

The severity of brain comorbidities in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) depends on the mutation position within the DMD gene and differential loss of distinct brain dystrophin isoforms (i.e. Dp427, Dp140, Dp71).

Comparison of Fasciola hepatica genotypes in relation to their ability to establish patent infections in the final host.

Fasciola hepatica is a common and economically important parasite of sheep and cattle. Although its marked genetic heterogeneity is well recognised, an association between haplotypes and specific phenotypic traits has yet to be identified. Using experimental infections in cattle this study investigated whether a fragment of mitochondrial DNA (coding for cytochrome c oxidase subunit III, transfer RNA histidine and cytochrome b) and 3 nuclear microsatellite loci (Fh15, Fh23 and Fh25) could be used as markers for the parasite's ability to complete its tissue migration and establish in the liver of the final host.