Bone Tissue Engineering With Chitosan, Carbon Nanotubes, and Hydroxyapatite Biomaterials Enriched With Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Radiographic and Histological Evaluation in a Sheep Model Undergoing Ostectomy (Bone Tissue Engineering in a Sheep Model).

Comminuted fractures associated with tissue loss can adversely affect bone regeneration. Biomaterials enriched with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) employed for supporting osteosynthesis and potentiating osteoconduction are necessary to fill these bone defects. Natural compound biomaterials, similar to bone tissue, have been extensively tested in animal models for clinical use.

Attitudes and opinions of Brazilian veterinarians towards the assessment and management of acute avian pain.

Background: Veterinarians' approaches to the management of avian pain have been poorly documented despite the rising number of pet birds seen in clinical settings.

Methods: An online survey was advertised nationwide to recruit Brazilian veterinarians who had treated traumatic and surgical conditions in birds within the previous year. The survey comprised 25 closed or semi-closed questions divided into four sections (demographics, routinely performed medical procedures and pain recognition, drug choices for analgesia and challenges to pain treatment, and attitudes towards pain relief in birds).

The fraction of inspired oxygen does not affect the time to extubation in mechanically ventilated, sevoflurane-anesthetized green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas).

Objective: To evaluate the effects of providing 100% O2, compared with the provision of 21% O2 (equivalent to room air), in mechanically ventilated, sevoflurane-anesthetized green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas).

Animals: Eleven juvenile green sea turtles.

Procedures: In a randomized, blinded, cross-over study (1-week interval between treatments), turtles were anesthetized with propofol (5 mg/kg, IV), orotracheally intubated, mechanically ventilated with 3.

Human pandemic K27-ST392 CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-positive : A one health clone threatening companion animals.

Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing is a medically important pathogen that commonly causes human nosocomial infections. Since veterinary emergency and critical care services have also significantly progressed over the last decades, there are increasing reports of ESBL-producing causing hospital-associated infections in companion animals. We present microbiological and genomic analysis of a multidrug-resistant ESBL-positive (LCKp01) isolated from a fatal infection in a dog admitted to a veterinary intensive care unit.

Genomic features of mecA-positive methicillin-resistant Mammaliicoccus sciuri causing fatal infections in pets admitted to a veterinary intensive care unit.

Methicillin-resistant staphylococci have become leading cause of infectious diseases in humans and animals, being categorized as high priority pathogens by the World Health Organization. Although methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus sciuri (recently moved to Mammaliicoccus sciuri) has been widely reported in companion animals, there is scarce information regarding their clinical impact and genomic features. Herein, we reported the occurrence and genomic characteristics of methicillin-resistant M.

Surgical contraception of free-ranging female capybaras: Description and comparison of open and minimally invasive techniques.

Objective: To develop, describe, and evaluate 2 surgical techniques for contraception of free-ranging female capybaras.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Animals: Cadaveric (n = 3) and free-ranging female capybaras (n = 21).

Vasectomy of golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) using local anesthesia after sedation with dexmedetomidine-ketamine-meperidine.

The study evaluated the combination of ketamine, dexmedetomidine, and meperidine for vasectomy in golden-headed lion tamarins. Lidocaine infiltration was required for intraoperative analgesia and atipamezole was used at the end of the procedure. The protocol promoted satisfactory sedation and analgesia with a short recovery time in tamarins.

Locking compression plate fixation of critical-sized bone defects in sheep. Development of a model for veterinary bone tissue engineering.

Purpose: To develop a segmental tibial bone defect model for tissue engineering studies in veterinary orthopedics using single locking compression plate (LCP) fixation and cast immobilization.

Methods: A 3-cm bone defect was created in the right tibia of 18 adult Suffolk sheep. A 10-hole, 4.

S100B protein and neuron-specific enolase as predictors of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged dogs: a case-control study.

Objective: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) may be related to brain injury. S100B protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) have been investigated as potential biochemical markers of neural cell injury in animals and humans. This study aimed to investigate the association between POCD, brain injury and serum concentrations of S100B and NSE after periodontal surgery in aged dogs.

Comparative study of anaesthesia induction in obese dogs using propofol dosages based on lean body weight or total body weight.

The objective of this study was to compare the dosages for anesthesia induction in obese dogs using propofol based on lean body weight or total body weight. For this purpose, seven dogs with ideal body condition score (BCS) (BCS 4-5; 17.3 ± 2.

Early reversal of ketamine/dexmedetomidine chemical immobilization by atipamezole in golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas).

Background: A smooth and rapid recovery from anesthesia allowing safe release is desirable, especially for wild species. This study describes the clinical effects of the combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine and the partial reversal with atipamezole in golden-headed lion tamarins.

Methods: Dexmedetomidine 10 μg kg and ketamine 15 mg kg were administered to 45 golden-headed lion tamarins undergoing vasectomy.

Evaluation of three chemical immobilization protocols in golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) undergoing vasectomy surgery.

Background: The golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas), originally endemic to Bahia, was introduced in Rio de Janeiro. The species is currently found in remaining forests within the region of original occupation of the golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia), which may compromise the survival of the golden lion tamarin. Groups of golden-headed lion tamarins were captured and translocated to Bahia.

Preliminary study of a teaching model for ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blockade and effects on the learning curve in veterinary anesthesia residents.

Objective: To evaluate the use of an experimental colloid model for teaching veterinary anesthesia residents ultrasound-guided technique for nerve blockade.

Study Design: Prospective, blinded and randomized.

Methods: Colloid models were constructed for practice in ultrasound-guided needle location.

COMPARISON BETWEEN DEXMEDETOMIDINE-S-KETAMINE AND MIDAZOLAM-S-KETAMINE IN IMMOBILIZATION OF ONCILLA (LEOPARDUS TIGRINUS).

Established immobilization protocols are required for safe procedures on wildlife and zoo animals. This study evaluated the cardiovascular, respiratory, and anesthetic effects of dexmedetomidine (40 μg/kg) with S-ketamine (5 mg/kg) and midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) with S-ketamine (5 mg/kg) in 12 specimens of oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus) at Quinzinho de Barros Municipal Zoo Park in Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil, between January and March 2010.

Laparoscopic guided local injection in the X-linked muscular dystrophy mouse (mdx) diaphragm. An advance in experimental therapies for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Purpose: To investigate the development of a laparoscopy technique for local injection into the X-linked muscular dystrophy (mdx) diaphragm.

Methods: It was used 10 mice Balb/C57 and 5 mdx mice and three differents decubitus type were tested: the right lateral, supine, and supine decubitus with 20 degrees elevation of the forelimb. Abdominal caudal face and the 10 intercostal space were tested as spot to introduce the needle into the diaphragm.

S100β Levels in CSF of Nonambulatory Dogs with Intervertebral Disk Disease Treated with Electroacupuncture.

The aim of the study was to investigate S100β levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of nonambulatory dogs with intervertebral disk disease treated with electroacupuncture: 10 dogs with thoracolumbar disk extrusion graded 3 to 5 (EA group) and 7 dogs without neurologic dysfunction (control group). All dogs regained ambulation. S100β was detected by Western blot analysis where EA group dogs were evaluated at two time points (M1 = before EA and M2 = when the dogs return ambulation) and at one time point from control group.

Changes in tissue perfusion parameters in dogs with severe sepsis/septic shock in response to goal-directed hemodynamic optimization at admission to ICU and the relation to outcome.

Objective: To evaluate the changes in tissue perfusion parameters in dogs with severe sepsis/septic shock in response to goal-directed hemodynamic optimization in the ICU and their relation to outcome.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: ICU of a veterinary university medical center.

Bispectral monitoring in dogs subjected to ovariohysterectomy and anesthetized with halothane, isoflurane or sevoflurane.

Objective: To assess the effect of halothane (H), isoflurane (I) or sevoflurane (S) on the bispectral index (BIS), and the effect of the addition of meperidine in dogs subjected to ovariohysterectomy.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, blinded, clinical trial.

Animals: Forty-eight female mixed-breed dogs, with weights varying from 10 to 25 kg.

Comparison of racemic ketamine versus (S+) ketamine when combined with midazolam for anesthesia of Callithrix jacchus and Callithrix penicillata.

Ten common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and 10 black-tufted marmosets (Callithrix penicillata) were immobilized to compare the anesthetic effects of racemic ketamine and (S+) ketamine in combination with midazolam. The animals were distributed into four groups: five common marmosets (group CJR) and five black-tufted marmosets (group CPR) received 9.8 +/- 1.

Cardiopulmonary and isoflurane-sparing effects of epidural or intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine in cats undergoing surgery with epidural lidocaine.

Objective: To compare the cardiorespiratory, anesthetic-sparing effects and quality of anesthetic recovery after epidural and constant rate intravenous (IV) infusion of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in cats given a low dose of epidural lidocaine under propofol-isoflurane anesthesia and submitted to elective ovariohysterectomy.

Study Design: Randomized, blinded clinical trial.

Animals: Twenty-one adult female cats (mean body weight: 3.

Electro-acupuncture and Chinese herbs for treatment of cervical intervertebral disk disease in a dog.

A non-ambulatory dog with tetraparesis following a pain episode that had evolved over 2 months was submitted for medical treatment and diagnosed with intervertebral disk disease at C3-C4 and dorsal extradural compression at C1-C2 and C3-C4 using myelography and computed tomography. The dog experienced ambulation recovery after 15 days of treatment with only electroacupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine, with marked improvement occurring after only 10 treatments. Six months of followup demonstrated that the dog was stable and had no recurrence of symptoms.

Assessment of the physiologic stress response by quantification of fecal corticosteroids.

Noninvasive techniques to monitor reproductive or stress hormones are now widely used in captive and free-ranging wildlife. These methods offer great advantages and deserve to be used also in laboratory rodents. However, we remain naïve about factors that may influence the accuracy of these techniques.

A new brachial plexus block technique in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a new technique of brachial plexus anesthesia in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective, experimental study.

Animals: Twelve adult mongrel dogs, six males and six females weighing 14.

Effects of two preanesthetic regimens for ophthalmic surgery on intraocular pressure and cardiovascular measurements in dogs.

The effects of different preanesthetic medications (acepromazine plus either meperidine or butorphanol) given before the induction of anesthesia with midazolam and ketamine on intraocular pressure, heart rate, and arterial blood pressure were investigated in 20 dogs. Following administration of preanesthetics and induction of anesthesia, dogs were intubated and anesthesia was maintained with halothane for 10 minutes. Intraocular pressure was significantly higher (P <.