Differences in community, hospital and intensive care unit-acquired acute kidney injury: observational study in a nephrology service of a developing country.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) complicates more than 7% of all in-hospital patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in community, hospital and intensive care unit-acquired AKI in patients undergoing nephrology consultation in a tertiary hospital in a developing country.

Methods: An observational cohort study of all patients with AKI admitted to the General Hospital of Fortaleza, Brazil was conducted.

Acute kidney injury due to anabolic steroid and vitamin supplement abuse: report of two cases and a literature review.

Background: The use of anabolic steroids and vitamin supplements has reached alarming proportions in the last decades. Adverse effects have been documented and include virilization, feminization, adverse lipid profile, psychiatric disorders, cardiac and liver disease. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is not frequently described.

Acute kidney injury due to rhabdomyolysis-associated gangrenous myositis.

Rhabdomyolysis is associated with infectious diseases in approximately 5% of cases and acute kidney injury occurs in 33-50% of cases. Gangrenous myositis is a deep seated infection of the subcutaneous and muscular tissues. We report the case of an 18 year-old man who was admitted to the emergency room with leg pain, fever, nausea, vomiting and oliguria.