The effect of aging on the nanostructure of murine alveolar bone and dentin.

Introduction: Alveolar bone, dentin, and cementum provide a striking example of structurally different collagen-based mineralized tissues separated only by periodontal ligament. While alveolar bone is strongly remodeled, this does not hold for dentin and cementum. However, additional dentin can be deposited on the inner surface of the pulp chamber also in older age.

The nanostructure of murine alveolar bone and its changes due to type 2 diabetes.

Alveolar bone - the bony ridge containing the tooth sockets - stands out by its remodeling activity where bone is being formed and resorbed at a much higher rate than in any other bony tissue. Teeth that are anchored in the jaw through the periodontal ligament exert very large localized loads during mastication that could lead to a unique adaptation of the collagen/mineral structure in the bone. Our aim was to characterize the nanostructure of alveolar bone and to determine the influence of diabetes on structural characteristics of the mineralized matrix.

Imaging the nanostructure of bone and dentin through small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering.

X-ray scattering is a powerful nondestructive experimental method that is well suited to study biomineralized tissues such as bone. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) gives information about the size, shape, and predominant orientation of the nanometer-sized mineral particles in the bone. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) allows the characterization of structural parameters, describing size and orientation of the hydroxyapatite crystals.

Porous titanium and zirconium oxo carboxylates at the interface between sol-gel and metal-organic framework structures.

Reaction of Ti(OiPr)4 with several tri- and tetracarboxylic acids, followed by hydrolysis, resulted in microporous, structured materials, with microporous surface areas up to 340 m(2) g(-1). Depending on the kind of carboxylic acid, the Ti : COOH ratio and the Ti : H2O ratio, either pillared layered or surface fractal 3D structures were obtained according to SAXS measurements. The most pronounced layered structure was found for 1,2,4,5-benzenetetrabenzoic acid and a Ti : H2O ratio of 4, while a Ti : H2O ratio of 2 resulted in a 3D structure.

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The aim of this work is a systematic comparison of size characterisation methods for two completely different model systems of oxide nanoparticles, i.e. amorphous spherical silica and anisotropic facet-shaped crystalline zirconia.

Nanoparticle assemblies as probes for self-assembled monolayer characterization: correlation between surface functionalization and agglomeration behavior.

The ordering of dodecyl chains has been investigated in mixed monolayers of phosphonic acid capping agents on the surface of hydrothermally prepared zirconia nanocrystals. Methyl-, phenyl-, pyryl-, and tert-butylphosphonic acids have been used to investigate series with different mixing ratios with dodecylphosphonic acid as the cocapping agent for the mixed monolayer formation. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies revealed that an increasing amount (different for each type) of coadsorbed capping agent reduces the ordering of the dodecyl chains significantly.