Analysing the Relationship Between Immigrant Status and the Severity of Offending Behaviour in Terms of Individual and Contextual Factors.

Background: Social inclusion is a context for both risk and protective factors of migrant youth delinquency. This study aims to shed light on the issue by comparing delinquency amongst native, first-generation, and second-generation immigrant youths in Portugal, a country located in the south of Europe, an area where research in this field is still scarce.

Methods: The research is based on the International Self-Reported Delinquency (ISRD-3) dataset, which includes information on over 4,000 adolescents, who self-reported on their socio-demographic status, leisure activities, school and neighbourhood environment, family bonds, and self-control.

Cutting Edge of Traumatic Maculopathy with Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography - A Review.

This article reviews clinically relevant data regarding traumatic maculopathy (TM), frequently observed in clinical practice, especially due to sport or traffic accident injuries. It is characterized by transient gray-whitish retinal coloration and reduction of visual acuity (VA) with closed, blunt object globe trauma of their prior. It may be limited to the posterior pole (Berlin's edema), or peripheral areas of the retina.

Punctate inner choroidopathy: a systematic review.

This article reviews clinically relevant data regarding punctate inner choroidopathy, mainly the various treatment options. Punctate inner choroidopathy is an uncommon, inflammatory, multifocal chorioretinopathy affecting mostly young myopic women. It is characterized by the presence of multiple, small, well-defined, yellow-white fundus lesions, in the absence of intraocular inflammation.

Possible rare congenital dysinnervation disorder: congenital ptosis associated with adduction.

Ptosis is defined as an abnormally low position of the upper eyelid margin. It can be congenital or acquired, uni or bilateral, and isolated or associated with other ocular and nonocular defects. We report a case of a female child, aged 8 years, with congenital right ptosis increased on right adduction and with left ptosis on left adduction.

Deferred intravitreal triamcinolone in diabetic eyes after phacoemulsification.

Purpose: Evaluation of diabetic macular edema (DME) after phacoemulsification by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the use of deferred intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) as a therapy.

Methods: This was an institutional, nonrandomized, retrospective study. Within a period of 18 months, 5,684 eyes underwent phacoemulsification in our department, 1,634 of which were diabetic.

Traumatic maculopathy 6 months after injury: a clinical case report.

Purpose: This study aims to report a case of traumatic maculopathy in a 12-year-old male following blunt trauma in his left eye (LE) who presented 6 months after injury.

Methods: Retrospective and descriptive case report based on data from clinical records, patient observation and analysis of diagnostic tests.

Results: A previously healthy, 12-year-old male presented for a routine visit with complaints of a 2-month history of decreased visual acuity in his LE.

A rare case of retinal artery occlusion in the context of mediterranean spotted Fever.

Background: Mediterranean spotted fever is a zoonosis endemic in the Mediterranean region. The microorganism Rickettsia conorii is responsible for the disease due to its angiotropism for endothelial cells. It produces host cell necrosis, thrombosis, and organ dysfunction.

Postcataract surgery endophthalmitis after introduction of the ESCRS protocol: a 5-year study.

Purpose: To present the results of a retrospective comparative unicentric institutional study of the incidence of postcataract surgery endophthalmitis before and after the introduction of the European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons (ESCRS) protocol in 2007 in our department.

Methods: This study included 15,689 eyes of patients undergoing cataract surgery between 2005 and 2011. Surgeries were performed by 9 different surgeons.

Punctate inner choroidopathy: a clinical case report.

Purpose: To report an uncommon case of a 29-year-old Caucasian male diagnosed with unilateral choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to punctate inner choroidopathy leading to visual impairment.

Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive case report based on data from clinical records, patient observation and analysis of ancillary diagnostic tests.

Results: A 29-year-old Caucasian male presented to our emergency department with complaints of decreased central vision in his left eye (LE), detected a few hours before.