Splenectomy for Solitary Splenic Metastasis in Recurrent Papillary Thyroid Cancer. A Case Report and Literature Review.

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, presenting with 23 500 new cases per year in the United States. About 7-23% of the patients will present recurrent metastases disease during follow-up. The classic variant of papillary carcinoma is less aggressive compared to its other variants like diffuse sclerosing, tall cell or columnar cell, and insular variants, and the sites to which this metastasizes is already well identified.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the proapoptotic action of edelfosine in solid tumor cells.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been posited as a potential anticancer target. The synthetic antitumor alkyl-lysophospholipid analogue edelfosine accumulates in the ER of solid tumor cells. This ER accumulation of the drug leads to the inhibition of phosphatidylcholine and protein synthesis, G(2)-M arrest, depletion of ER-stored Ca(2+), Bax up-regulation and activation, transcriptional factor growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene 153 up-regulation, caspase-4 and caspase-8 activation, and eventually to apoptosis.