Exploring the chemical composition, in vitro and in silico study of the anticandidal properties of annonaceae species essential oils from the Amazon.

Chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) from the leaves of five Annonaceae species found in the amazon region was analyzed by Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The antifungal activity of theses EOs was tested against Candida albicans, Candida auris, Candida famata, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis. In addition, an in silico study of the molecular interactions was performed using molecular modeling approaches.

Inhibition of Melanization by Kojic Acid Promotes Cell Wall Disruption of the Human Pathogenic Fungus sp.

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic human subcutaneous mycosis caused by various aetiologic agents. CBM does not have an established treatment but may be managed using antifungal agents, surgical removal of the lesions, or cryotherapy. Kojic acid (KA), a known tyrosinase inhibitor with a variety of biological actions, including fungistatic action against the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, mediated by inhibiting melanin production, seems to be an alternative to improve the treatment of CBM.

Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of and Essential Oils.

The essential oils of three specimens of (A, B and C) and were extracted by hydrodistillation, and the chemical compositions from the essential oils were identified by gas chromatography and flame ionization detection (CG/MS and CG-FID). The fungicide potential of the EOs against five fungicide yeasts was assessed: INCQS-40175, ATCC 6258, ATCC 62894, ATCC 13803 and IEC-01. The essential oil of the specimen (A) was characterized by the major compounds: α-bulnesene (26.

Molecular Identification, Genotyping, Phenotyping, and Antifungal Susceptibilities of Medically Important Trichosporon, Apiotrichum, and Cutaneotrichosporon Species.

Recently, Trichosporon taxonomy has been reevaluated and new genera of the Trichosporonaceae family have been described. Here, 26 clinical isolates were submitted for identification via sequencing of the intergenic space 1 (IGS1) region, genotyping, and investigation of virulence factors. Antifungal susceptibility was determined using the CLSI broth microdilution method for fluconazole (FLC), itraconazole (ITC), and amphotericin B (AMB).

Histoplasma capsulatum antigen detection tests as an essential diagnostic tool for patients with advanced HIV disease in low and middle income countries: A systematic review of diagnostic accuracy studies.

Introduction: Disseminated histoplasmosis, a disease that often resembles and is mistaken for tuberculosis, is a major cause of death in patients with advanced HIV disease. Histoplasma antigen detection tests are an important addition to the diagnostic arsenal for patients with advanced HIV disease and should be considered for inclusion on the World Health Organization Essential Diagnostics List.

Objective: Our objective was to systematically review the literature to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Histoplasma antigen tests in the context of advanced HIV disease, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries.

Biosynthesis, characterization and leishmanicidal activity of a biocomposite containing AgNPs-PVP-glucantime.

Aim: Development of functionalized nanocomposites containing AgNPs-PVP-Glucantime to evaluate their leishmanicidal activity as a novel method for improving the pharmacological properties of the drug Glucantime against extracellular promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis in vitro to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Materials & Methods: The silver nanoparticles and nanocomposites prepared containing silver nanoparticles, polyvinylpyrrolidone and different amounts of Glucantime were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and ζ potential analysis; in addition, the in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated.

Results: The nanocomposites showed an inhibitory effect on the cellular viability of promastigote forms, with values of 47.

Isolation of Candida spp. from denture-related stomatitis in Pará, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify Candida species from the oral cavity of denture wearers with denture-related stomatitis who were attended at the University Federal of Pará (Belém City, Pará State, Brazil). A total of 36 denture wearers with denture-related stomatitis were included, and type I (50%), type II (33%) and type III (17%) stomatitis were observed. Candida spp.

Oral carriage of Candida species in HIV-infected patients during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Belém, Brazil.

Objective: To identify the oral carriage of Candida spp in patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the possible correlation with clinical characteristics.

Study Design: Mucosal swab samples collected from 246 patients who were infected by HIV, did not have oral candidiasis, and were being treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy were analyzed. Yeast colonies that developed were identified by using the VITEK 2 automated system.

Oral and systemic manifestations in HIV-1 patients.

Introduction: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of the most frequent oral and systemic manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-positive patients.

Methods: The study was conducted on 300 HIV-1 patients attending the Reference Unit Specialized in Special Infectious Parasitic Diseases in Belém, Pará, Brazil.

Results: The most prevalent oral conditions were caries (32.

Effects of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil on germ tube formation by Candida albicans isolated from denture wearers.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil on germ tube formation by Candida albicans isolated from denture wearers.

Methods: Ten C. albicans isolates recovered from denture wearers were tested using 10% fetal bovine serum with or without 4% R.

Dermatophytosis diagnosed at the Evandro Chagas Institute, Pará, Brazil.

Dermatophytosis is caused by a dermatophyte fungus that affects the stratum corneum and keratinized tissue. Dermatophyte fungus has been reported worldwide as the causative agent of dermatophytosis, but the etio-epidemiological aspects of these mycoses in the state of Pará remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe the etio-epidemiological profile of dermatophytosis diagnosed in patients at the Evandro Chagas Institute from May 2005 to June 2006.

Occurrence of Paracoccidioides lutzii in the Amazon region: description of two cases.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), the most important human systemic mycosis in Latin America, is known to be caused by at least four different phylogenetic lineages within the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis complex, including S1, PS2, PS3, and Pb01-like group. Herein, we describe two cases of PCM in patients native from the Amazon region. The disease was originally thought to have been caused by P.

Effect of serum sample inactivation on the performance of latex agglutination test for paracoccidioidomycosis serodiagnosis.

Paracoccidioidomycosis is diagnosed from the direct observation of the causative agent, but serology can facilitate and decrease the time required for diagnosis. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of serum sample inactivation on the performance of the latex agglutination test (LAT) for detecting antibodies against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The sensitivity of LAT from inactivated or non-inactivated samples was 73% and 83%, respectively and the LAT selectivity was 79% and 90%, respectively.

Effects of pretreating serum samples on the performance of a latex agglutination test for serodiagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a fungal disease caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and Brazil is one of the principal countries where it is endemic. Diagnosis is based on the observation of budding P. brasiliensis yeast in clinical specimens from patients; however, the sensitivity of the visualization of fungi is low, indicating that serological tests are used for early diagnosis.

Differentiation between Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis using hypertonic Sabouraud broth and tobacco agar.

Introduction: Opportunistic fungal infections in immunocompromised hosts are caused by Candida species, and the majority of such infections are due to Candida albicans. However, the emerging pathogen Candida dubliniensis demonstrates several phenotypic characteristics in common with C. albicans, such as production of germ tubes and chlamydospores, calling attention to the development of stable resistance to fluconazole in vitro.

Development and evaluation of a latex agglutination test for the serodiagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. It is caused by the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The immunodiffusion (ID) test is one of the most widely used techniques for PCM serologic diagnosis due to the simplicity and low costs of its execution.

Diagnosis of Paracoccidioidomycosis by detection of antigen and antibody in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic infection caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and is believed to be the leading cause of fungal pulmonary infection. In this study, we used an inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to diagnose pulmonary PCM based on the detection of 43-kDa and 70-kDa molecules in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. The results were compared with results obtained by classical methods for antibody detection.

Diagnosis of neuroparacoccidioidomycosis by detection of circulating antigen and antibody in cerebrospinal fluid.

Neuroparacoccidioidomycosis (neuroPCM) is the central nervous system infection by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Its diagnosis is a difficult task that depends on neuroimaging techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. However, the detection of circulating P.

Variable gp43 secretion by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis clones obtained by two different culture methods.

The main objectives of this study were to obtain clones of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by two methods (micromanipulation and plating assay) and to determine if the secretion of the 43-kDa glycoprotein (gp43) is dependent on the clonal culture. The results show that the secretion of gp43 is not dependent on clonal cultures. Clones that originally were secretors of this molecule, after subculturing, lost this characteristic; on the other hand, clones that originally did not secrete gp43 began to secrete gp43 after subculturing.

Detection of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis gp70 circulating antigen and follow-up of patients undergoing antimycotic therapy.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), one of the most important systemic mycoses in Central and South America, is caused by the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and has a high prevalence in Brazil. Glycoproteins of 43 and 70 kDa are the main antigenic compounds of P. brasiliensis and are recognized by Western blotting by 100 and 96% of PCM patient sera, respectively.

Monitoring gp43 antigenemia in Paracoccidioidomycosis patients during therapy.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic fungal disease that is particularly important among individuals living and working in rural areas of endemicity in Latin America. Detection of anti-Paracoccidioides brasiliensis antibodies is of limited value due to false-negative results. Detection of P.

Detection of circulating gp43 antigen in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is an important systemic fungal disease, particularly among individuals living and working in rural areas of endemicity in Latin America, who, without antifungal therapy, may develop fatal acute or chronic infection. For such patients, the detection of antibody responses by immunodiffusion is of limited value due to false-negative results. In contrast, the detection of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis gp43 circulating antigen may represent a more practical approach to the rapid diagnosis of the disease.