Molecular Characterization of Enterococcus faecium Clinical Isolates Harbouring erm (T) from an Italian Hospital.

The presence of erm(T) gene conferring resistance to macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin B (MLS), was screened in 296 enterococci collected from clinical samples in a central Italy hospital and seven Enterococcus faecium isolates resulted positive to erm(T) by PCR. All isolates were resistant to erythromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and ampicillin but susceptible to vancomycin and chloramphenicol. Whole Genome Sequencing analysis revealed that in five E.

Influence of Polymerization Protocol on Adhesion and Proliferation of on Three Dental Composite Resins.

The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze and compare the ability to adhere and form biofilm on the surface of light-cured VS heat-cured dental composite resins; Three composite resins with different chemical formulations were selected: GrandioSO (GR), Venus Diamond (VD) and Enamel Plus Hri Biofunction (BF). Disk-shaped specimens were manufactured by light-curing the composite resins (light-cured subgroups) and subjecting them to a further heat-curing cycle at 80° for 10 min (heat-cured subgroups). Specimens were analyzed for planktonic CFU count (CFU/mL), sessile CFU count (CFU/mL) and for biomass quantification (OD); The planktonic CFU count was higher in all the light-cured subgroups than in the heat-cured subgroups (light-cured: GR = 7.

Beneficial Effects Induced by a Proprietary Blend of a New Bromelain-Based Polyenzymatic Complex Plus N-Acetylcysteine in Urinary Tract Infections: Results from In Vitro and Ex Vivo Studies.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are infections that involve the urethra, bladder, and, in much more severe cases, even kidneys. These infections represent one of the most common diseases worldwide. Various pathogens are responsible for this condition, the most common being ().

New commercial wipes inhibit the dispersion and adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.

Aim: Bacterial biofilms can form on surfaces in hospitals, clinics, farms, and food processing plants, representing a possible source of infections and cross-contamination. This study investigates the effectiveness of new commercial wipes against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms (early attachment and formed biofilms), assessing LH SALVIETTE wipes (Lombarda H S.r.

Staphylococcus aureus/Staphylococcus epidermidis from skin microbiota are balanced by Pomegranate peel extract: An eco-sustainable approach.

The imbalance in skin microbiota is characterized by an increased number of pathogens in respect to commensal microorganisms. Starting from a skin microbiota collection, the aim of this work was to evaluate the possible role of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel Extract (PPE) in restoring the skin microbiota balance acting on Staphylococcus spp.

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lubbock Chronic Wound Biofilm (LCWB): a suitable dual-species model for in vitro studies.

Antimicrobial treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius associated with canine wounds represents an important challenge. The aim of this study was to create a canine wound infection model, Lubbock Chronic Wound Biofilm (LCWB), with a focus on S. pseudintermedius, drawing inspiration from the established human model involving Staphylococcus aureus.

Complex magnetic fields represent an eco-sustainable technology to counteract the resistant Candida albicans growth without affecting the human gingival fibroblasts.

Novel technologies such as complex magnetic fields-CMFs represent an eco-sustainable proposal to counteract the infection associated to resistant microorganisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two CMF programs (STRESS, ANTIBACTERIAL) against clinical antifungal resistant C. albicans also evaluating their uneffectiveness on gingival fibroblasts (hGFs).

In Vitro Evaluation of Adhesion on Heat-Cured Resin-Based Dental Composites.

Microbial adhesion on dental restorative materials may jeopardize the restorative treatment long-term outcome. The goal of this in vitro study was to assess capability to adhere and form a biofilm on the surface of heat-cured dental composites having different formulations but subjected to identical surface treatments and polymerization protocols. Three commercially available composites were evaluated: GrandioSO (GR), Venus Diamond (VD) and Enamel Plus HRi Biofunction (BF).

The Antibacterial and Antifungal Capacity of Eight Commercially Available Types of Mouthwash against Oral Microorganisms: An In Vitro Study.

This work aimed to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial actions and effects over time of eight types of mouthwash, based on the impact of chlorhexidine on the main microorganisms that are responsible for oral diseases: , and . The mouthwashes' antimicrobial action was determined in terms of their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC), and time-kill curves at different contact times (10 s, 30 s, 60 s, 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, and 60 min), against selected oral microorganisms. All the mouthwashes showed a notable effect against (MICs ranging from 0.

Dormant States Are Affected by Vitamin C.

colonizes human gastric mucosa, overcoming stressful conditions and entering in a dormant state. This study evaluated: (i) 's physiological changes from active to viable-but-non-culturable (VBNC) and persister (AP) states, establishing times/conditions; (ii) the ability of vitamin C to interfere with dormancy generation/resuscitation. A dormant state was induced in clinical MDR 10A/13 by: nutrient starvation (for VBNC generation), incubating in an unenriched medium (Brucella broth) or saline solution (SS), and (for AP generation) treatment with 10xMIC amoxicillin (AMX).

Biofilms in Chronic Wound Infections: Innovative Antimicrobial Approaches Using the In Vitro Lubbock Chronic Wound Biofilm Model.

Chronic wounds have harmful effects on both patients and healthcare systems. Wound chronicity is attributed to an impaired healing process due to several host and local factors that affect healing pathways. The resulting ulcers contain a wide variety of microorganisms that are mostly resistant to antimicrobials and possess the ability to form mono/poly-microbial biofilms.

Spread of Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms.

Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) are bacteria that exhibit acquired resistance to multiple antibiotics, reducing the efficacy of antimicrobial therapies [...

Antimicrobial Combined Action of Graphene Oxide and Light Emitting Diodes for Chronic Wound Management.

Innovative non-antibiotic compounds such as graphene oxide (GO) and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) may represent a valid strategy for managing chronic wound infections related to resistant pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate 630 nm LED and 880 nm LED ability to enhance the GO antimicrobial activity against and -resistant strains in a dual-species biofilm in the Lubbock chronic wound biofilm (LCWB) model. The effect of a 630 nm LED, alone or plus 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALAD)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) (ALAD-PDT), or an 880 nm LED on the GO (50 mg/l) action was evaluated by determining the CFU/mg reductions, live/dead analysis, scanning electron microscope observation, and reactive oxygen species assay.

Complex Chronic Wound Biofilms Are Inhibited by the Natural Extract of .

Resistant wound microorganisms are becoming an extremely serious challenge in the process of treating infected chronic wounds, leading to impaired healing. Thus, additional approaches should be taken into consideration to improve the healing process. The use of natural extracts can represent a valid alternative to treat/control the microbial infections in wounds.

Photodynamic Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Activity of a New Gel with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Infected Titanium Surfaces.

The use of a new gel containing aminolevulinic acid and red light (ALAD-PDI) was tested in order to counteract bacterial biofilm growth on different titanium implant surfaces. The varying antibacterial efficacy of ALAD-PDI against biofilm growth on several titanium surfaces was also evaluated. A total of 60 titanium discs (30 machined and 30 double-acid etched, DAE) were pre-incubated with saliva and then incubated for 24 h with to form bacterial biofilm.

Comparison between Single and Multi-LED Emitters for Photodynamic Therapy: An In Vitro Study on and Human Gingival Fibroblasts.

Aim Of The Study: The aim was to evaluate the effects of two LED devices, TL-01 and TL-03 in photodynamic therapy (PDT), on and on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). TL-01, characterized by a single emitter, irradiates one periodontal site at a time, whereas the multi-led device (TL-03) irradiates all vestibular sites of a single arch at a time.

Methods: bacterial suspensions and HGFs were incubated for 45 min with Aladent gel (ALAD) containing 5-aminolevulinic acid and then exposed to LED devices (ALAD-PDT), having different distance and timing of irradiation (TL-01 N (0.

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties of Three Resin-Based Dental Composites against .

Antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of restorative dental materials may improve restorative treatment outcomes. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate capability to adhere and form biofilm on the surface of three commercially available composite resins (CRs) with different chemical compositions: GrandioSO (VOCO), Venus Diamond (VD), and Clearfil Majesty (ES-2). Disk-shaped specimens were manufactured by light-curing the CRs through two glass slides to maintain a perfectly standardized surface topography.

Complex Electromagnetic Fields Reduce Planktonic Growth and Its Adhesion to Titanium Surfaces.

This study evaluates the effects of different programs of complex electromagnetic fields (C.M.F.

Antimicrobial Peptide L18R Displays a Modulating Action against Inter-Kingdom Biofilms in the Lubbock Chronic Wound Biofilm Model.

Chronic wound infections represent an important health problem due to the reduced response to antimicrobial treatment of the pathogens organized in structured biofilms. This study investigated the effects of the previously described antifungal peptide L18R against three representative wound pathogens: , and The antimicrobial activity of L18R was evaluated (i) against single planktonic microbial populations; (ii) on single, dual, and triadic species of biofilms in both the early stage and mature stage; and (iii) in the polymicrobial Lubbock chronic wound biofilm (LCWB) model, mimicking spatial microbial colonization. This study used the evaluation of CFUs, biofilm biomass detection, and confocal and scanning electron microscopy analysis.

Prebiotic Combinations Effects on the Colonization of Staphylococcal Skin Strains.

Background: An unbalanced skin microbiota due to an increase in pathogenic vs. commensal bacteria can be efficiently tackled by using prebiotics. The aim of this work was to identify novel prebiotic combinations by exerting species-specific action between and strains.

Searching for New Tools to Counteract the Resistance: The Positive Action of Resveratrol Derivatives.

The drug-resistance phenomenon in underlines the need of novel strategies to improve the eradication rate including alternative treatments combining antibiotic and non-antibiotic compounds with synergistic action. In this study, the antibacterial (MIC/MBC) and anti-virulence effects (biofilm reduction and swarming motility inhibition) of resveratrol-RSV and new synthetized RSV-phenol derivatives, with a higher bioavailability, alone and combined with levofloxacin-LVX were evaluated against resistant clinical strains. The experiments were confirmed in vivo using the model.

The Bacterial Anti-Adhesive Activity of Double-Etched Titanium (DAE) as a Dental Implant Surface.

This work aimed to compare the capability of to adhere to a novel surface, double-etched titanium (DAE), in respect to machined and single-etched titanium. The secondary outcome was to establish which topographical features could affect the interaction between the implant surface and bacteria. The samples' superficial features were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and the wetting properties were tested through sessile methods.

Graphene Oxide affects Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa dual species biofilm in Lubbock Chronic Wound Biofilm model.

Chronic wound management becomes a complex procedure because of the persistence of forming biofilm pathogens that do not respond to antimicrobial treatment. The aim of this paper is to detect the Graphene Oxide-GO effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa dual species wound biofilm in Lubbock Chronic Wound Biofilm-LCWB model. LCWB is a recognized model that mimics the spatial microbial colonization into chronic wounds and reproduces the wound and its clot.