Impact of bread diet on intestinal dysbiosis and irritable bowel syndrome symptoms in quiescent ulcerative colitis: A pilot study.

Gut microbiota may be involved in the presence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptomatology in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients in remission. Bread is an important source of dietary fiber, and a potential prebiotic. To assess the effect of a bread baked using traditional elaboration, in comparison with using modern elaboration procedures, in changing the gut microbiota and relieving IBS-like symptoms in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis.

Characteristics of Patients with Crohn's Disease With or Without Perianal Fistulae in the CorEvitas Inflammatory Bowel Disease Registry.

Background: There are limited real-world data characterizing perianal fistulae in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Aim: To describe characteristics of patients with CD with and without perianal fistulae.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, characteristics, treatment history, and health outcomes of patients with CD enrolled in the CorEvitas IBD Registry were described according to perianal fistula status (current/previous or none).

Prebiotic Effect of Bread-Making Process in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Microbiome.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including its two main categories (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), has been linked both to gut microbiota and to diet. Bread is a daily food that has a potential capacity as a prebiotic. Our aim was to evaluate different bread-making processes and their effect on fecal colonic microbiota in IBD patients.

Clinical response to linaclotide at week 4 predicts sustained response in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation and improvements in digestive and extra-digestive symptoms.

Background: Linaclotide is approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with constipation (IBS-C) in adults. This study aimed to assess factors predictive of a clinical response and improvements in non-IBS symptoms with linaclotide treatment in a Spanish patient population.

Methods: In this open-label phase IIIb study, patients with moderate-to-severe IBS-C received linaclotide 290 μg once daily for 12 weeks.

Optimizing the Use of Linaclotide in Patients with Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Expert Consensus Report.

Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder characterized by chronic or recurrent abdominal pain in association with defecation or a change in bowel habits. A predominant disorder of bowel habits, IBS is classified into three main subtypes: constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C), diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and IBS alternating between constipation and diarrhea (IBS-M). Linaclotide is a first-in-class, oral, once-daily guanylate cyclase-C receptor agonist (GC-CA) that is licensed for the symptomatic treatment of moderate-to-severe IBS-C in adults.

Practical aspects of high resolution esophageal manometry.

High resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) is currently under development as can be seen in the various Chicago classifications. In order to standardize criteria in certain practical aspects with limited scientific evidence, the First National Meeting for Consensus in High Resolution Manometry of the Spanish Digestive Motility Group took place, bringing together a wide group of experts. The proposals were based on a prior survey composed of 47 questions, an exhaustive review of the available literature and the experience of the participants.

Clinical practice guidelines for the management of constipation in adults. Part 1: Definition, aetiology and clinical manifestations.

Clinical practice guidelines for the management of constipation in adults aim to generate recommendations on the optimal approach to chronic constipation in the primary care and specialized outpatient setting. Their main objective is to provide healthcare professionals who care for patients with chronic constipation with a tool that allows them to make the best decisions about the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this condition. They are intended for family physicians, primary care and specialist nurses, gastroenterologists and other health professionals involved in the treatment of these patients, as well as patients themselves.

Clinical practice guidelines for the management of constipation in adults. Part 2: Diagnosis and treatment.

Constipation is a very common disorder that adversely affects well-being and quality of life. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines are an essential element for proper patient management and safe, effective treatment. The aim of these guidelines is to provide health care professionals who care for patients with chronic constipation with a tool that allows them to make the best decisions about the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of constipation.

Caloric intake capacity as measured by a standard nutrient drink test helps to predict weight loss after bariatric surgery.

Background: Instruments that enable to select individuals that will benefit most from bariatric surgery (BS) are necessary to increase its cost-efficiency. Our goal was to assess if intake capacity, measured with a standardized test, predicts response to BS.

Methods: Patients with criteria for BS were randomly allocated to laparoscopic gastric bypass (LRYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Outcome in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding after capsule endoscopy.

Aim: To investigate the clinical impact of capsule endoscopy (CE) after an obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) episode, focusing on diagnostic work-up, follow-up and predictive factors of rebleeding.

Methods: Patients who were referred to Hospital del Mar (Barcelona, Spain) between 2007 and 2009 for OGIB who underwent a CE were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data, current treatment with non-steroid anti-inflammtory drugs or anticoagulant drugs, hemoglobin levels, transfusion requirements, previous diagnostic tests for the bleeding episode, as well as CE findings (significant or non-significant), work-up and patient outcomes were analyzed from electronic charts.

[Endoanal ultrasound findings in patients with faecal incontinence using a scoring system].

Introduction: The main aim of the study was to apply a severity classification of sphincter lesions detected by endoanal ultrasound using Starck score in patients who suffered faecal incontinence.

Material And Method: Data were analysed on 133 patients with faecal incontinence. Those in whom anal sphincter lesions were detected by endoanal ultrasound are described and their corresponding scores according to Starck classification calculated.

[Results of national survey of specialists on the clinical evaluation of faecal incontinence].

Introduction: Faecal incontinence is a high prevalence disease in the general population. The aims of this study were to analyse which severity grading systems of faecal incontinence are used in Spain and to find out if there are differences in their use among specialists who manage these patients.

Material And Methods: A postal questionnaire survey was sent to all hospitals of the National Health Service in Spain in order to study the attitudes and opinions of general surgery and gastroenterology specialists regarding the clinical evaluation of patients with faecal incontinence.

High body mass alters colonic sensory-motor function and transit in humans.

There is increased prevalence of abdominal pain and diarrhea and decreased gastric sensation with increased body mass index (BMI). Our hypothesis is that increased BMI is associated with increased colonic motility and sensation. The study aim was to assess effect of BMI on colonic sensory and motor functions and transit.

Effect of gastric volume or emptying on meal-related symptoms after liquid nutrients in obesity: a pharmacologic study.

Background & Aims: Altered postprandial satiation influences food intake in obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of gastric motor functions to intra- and postprandial symptoms in obese, otherwise healthy, people.

Methods: In a randomized, parallel-group, double-blind design, 40 obese (body mass index>30 kg/m2) healthy volunteers (n=10/group) received intravenous saline (placebo), atropine (.

Visceral hypersensitivity.

Visceral hypersensitivity is considered one of the causes of functional gastrointestinal disorders. The objectives of this review are to provide a practical description of neuroanatomy and physiology of gut sensation, to describe the diverse tests of visceral sensation and the potential role of brain imaging to further our understanding of visceral sensitivity in health and disease. Changes in motor function in the gut may influence sensory levels, eg, during contractions or as a result of changes in viscus compliance.

Contributions of gastric volumes and gastric emptying to meal size and postmeal symptoms in functional dyspepsia.

Background & Aims: The aim was to assess relative contributions of gastric volumes (GV) and gastric emptying (GE) to meal size and postprandial symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia.

Methods: Patients with chronic upper gastrointestinal symptoms were prospectively evaluated. GV during fasting and after 300 mL Ensure was measured with 99m Tc-single-photon emission computed tomography imaging and solid GE (99m Tc-egg) by scintigraphy.

Obesity is associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal symptoms: a population-based study.

Objectives: Perception of sensations arising from the gastrointestinal tract may be diminished in obese subjects and thus facilitate overeating. Alternatively, excess food intake may cause gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in obese patients. We evaluated the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and specific GI symptoms in the community.

Functional dyspepsia: drugs for new (and old) therapeutic targets.

The therapeutic management of functional dyspepsia remains a major challenge for the gastroenterologist. Current therapies available are based on putative underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, including gastric acid sensitivity, slow gastric emptying and Helicobacter pylori infection, but only a small proportion of patients achieve symptomatic benefit from these therapeutic approaches. Relatively novel mechanistic concepts under testing include impaired gastric accomodation, visceral hypersensitivity, and central nervous system dysfunction.

The role of pelvic floor dysfunction and slow colonic transit in adolescents with refractory constipation.

Objective: Although pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is recognized as a cause of refractory constipation in adults, this diagnosis is not frequently considered in children and adolescents with refractory constipation. The purpose of this study was to examine the symptoms and colonic transit in adolescents with constipation evaluated for a disorder in pelvic floor function.

Methods: Adolescents with refractory constipation who had undergone anorectal manometry (ARM) and balloon expulsion test (BET) were identified by retrospective review of records.

Effect of oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X on fasting and postprandial gastric functions in healthy volunteers.

CCK influences satiation and gastric and gallbladder emptying. GI181771X is a novel oral CCK-1 agonist; its effects on gastric emptying of solids, accommodation, and postprandial symptoms are unclear. Effects of four dose levels of the oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X and placebo on gastric functions and postprandial symptoms were compared in 61 healthy men and women in a randomized, gender-stratified, double-blind, double-dummy placebo-controlled, parallel group study.

Effects of venlafaxine, buspirone, and placebo on colonic sensorimotor functions in healthy humans.

Background & Aims: We have shown that venlafaxine-XR, a serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, enhanced gastric accommodation, whereas buspirone, a 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist, reduced postprandial symptoms after a fully satiating meal. Our aim was to compare the effects of venlafaxine, buspirone, and placebo on colonic sensorimotor functions in healthy adults.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial of 60 healthy adults, we assessed the effects of oral venlafaxine, 150 mg; buspirone, 20 mg; and placebo on colonic sensorimotor functions.

Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia.

Functional dyspepsia is a common chronic condition. It can have a major impact on quality of life and remains a large burden on healthcare resources. Its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood and therapies are mainly empirical.

Independent influences of body mass and gastric volumes on satiation in humans.

Background & Aims: We assessed the association of body mass and gastric volumes (fasting and postprandial) with satiation and postprandial symptoms.

Methods: Healthy obese and nonobese subjects underwent measurement of caloric intake at maximum satiation; postprandial symptoms were measured with visual analogue scales 30 minutes after a meal. Gastric volume during fasting and after 300 mL of Ensure was measured with technetium-99m single-photon emission computed tomography imaging.

Functional dyspepsia, upper gastrointestinal symptoms, and transit in children.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of abnormal gastric emptying and small bowel transit in children with functional dyspepsia at a tertiary care center, and the relationship between abnormal gastric and small bowel transit and symptoms in pediatric patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Study Design: Patients were selected by a cross-sectional chart review based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) completion of scintigraphic study of the gastric emptying of solids at 2 hours (GE2), 4 hours (GE4), and small bowel transit at 6 hours (SBT) using a standardized egg meal labeled with 99mTechnetium sulfur colloid, and (2) gastrointestinal (GI) complaints without mucosal or organic disease. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the presence of upper GI symptoms, and each parameter of gastric and small bowel transit.