Neural correlates of emotion acceptance and suppression in borderline personality disorder.

Background: Emotion dysregulation is a central feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Since impaired emotion regulation contributes to disturbed emotion functioning in BPD, it is crucial to study underlying neural activity. The current study aimed at investigating the neural correlates of two emotion regulation strategies, namely emotion acceptance and suppression, which are both important treatment targets in BPD.

Caudate hyperactivation during the processing of happy faces in borderline personality disorder.

Background: Emotion dysfunction and anhedonia are main problems in borderline personality disorder (BPD). In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we investigated neural activation during the processing of happy faces and its correlates with habitual emotion acceptance in patients with BPD.

Methods: 22 women with BPD and 26 female healthy controls watched movie clips of happy and neutral faces during fMRI without any instruction of emotion regulation.

[Supporting Interventions for Families with Children of Mentally Ill Parents: An Overview of Family-Oriented Complex Interventions in German-Speaking Countries].

Objective: The aim of the present review was to identify all outpatient, family-oriented complex interventions for children of mentally ill parents known in the German-speaking countries on the basis of defined minimum requirements and to give an overview of their structure, content and proof of effectiveness.

Methodology: The interventions were identified by means of internet and literature research. If the defined criteria were met, the providers were contacted and asked to participate in a written survey.

Nonacceptance of negative emotions in women with borderline personality disorder: association with neuroactivity of the dorsal striatum.

Background: Emotion dysfunction is a key symptom in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and is considered a consequence of dysfunctional emotion regulation (e.g., reduced emotion acceptance).

Effects of cortisol on the memory bias for emotional words? A study in patients with depression and healthy participants using the Directed Forgetting task.

Mood congruent alterations in information processing such as an impaired memory bias for emotional information and impaired inhibitory functions are prominent features of a major depressive disorder (MDD). Furthermore, in MDD patients hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunctions are frequently found. Impairing effects of stress or cortisol administration on memory retrieval as well as impairing stress effects on cognitive inhibition are well documented in healthy participants.

[Attentional bias and emotional suppression in borderline personality disorder].

Objective: Emotion regulation dysfunctions marked by negative affectivity are a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). In addition, patients with BPD show disturbed attentional processes which become particularly apparent in the domain of selective attention when emotional stimuli are presented (negative attentional bias). Assuming that emotion regulation is linked to attentional deployment processes, this study aimed (1) to determine whether a negative attentional bias is established by using film clips of fearful faces and (2) to investigate the association between dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies (emotional suppression) and negative attention bias in BPD.

The impact of self-reported childhood trauma on emotion regulation in borderline personality disorder and major depression.

Early life stress is said to play a critical role in the development of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), but the underlying mediating factors remain uncertain. This study aimed to investigate self-reported childhood trauma, emotion regulation difficulties, and their associations in a sample of BPD (n = 49) and MDD (n = 48) patients and healthy control participants (n = 63). Multiple regressions were used to evaluate the impact of the quality and severity of self-reported childhood trauma on self-reported emotion regulation.

Acute glucocorticoid effects on response inhibition in borderline personality disorder.

Introduction: Growing evidence suggests inhibition dysfunctions in borderline personality disorder (BPD). Moreover, abnormalities in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning have also been found in BPD patients. In healthy individuals, response inhibition has been sensitive to acute stress, and previous research indicates that effects mediated by the HPA axis become particularly apparent when emotional stimuli are processed.

Cortisol effects on autobiographic memory retrieval in PTSD: an analysis of word valence and time until retrieval.

In healthy participants, cortisol administration has been found to impair autobiographic memory retrieval. We recently reported that administration of 10 mg of hydrocortisone had enhancing effects on autobiographical memory retrieval, i.e.

Effects of acute cortisol administration on response inhibition in patients with major depression and healthy controls.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) have repeatedly been shown to impair hippocampus-mediated, declarative memory retrieval and prefrontal cortex-based working memory in healthy subjects. However, recent experimental studies indicated that patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) lack these impairing effects. These missing effects have been suggested to result from dysfunctional brain GC receptors.

Associations of childhood trauma with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function in borderline personality disorder and major depression.

Background: Alterations of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are hallmarks in major depressive disorder (MDD) and there is some evidence about similar patterns in borderline personality disorder (BPD). This study examines HPA axis abnormalities with respect to clinical characteristics in both BPD (n=24) and MDD patients (n=33) as well as in healthy control participants (n=41).

Method: A 0.

Cortisol has enhancing, rather than impairing effects on memory retrieval in PTSD.

Background: In the present study, we aimed to compare the effect of exogenous cortisol on memory retrieval in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with the effects in healthy controls. In healthy participants, administration of cortisol impairs declarative memory retrieval. Only a few studies have investigated these effects in PTSD yielding mixed results.

Effects of acute hydrocortisone administration on declarative memory in patients with major depressive disorder: a placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study.

Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been associated with hypercortisolism, reduced glucocorticoid feedback sensitivity, and impaired memory function. In healthy subjects, administration of hydrocortisone impairs declarative memory. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of acute hydrocortisone administration on memory retrieval in MDD patients and healthy controls.

Hydrocortisone impairs working memory in healthy humans, but not in patients with major depressive disorder.

Objective: Several studies have shown that stress or the administration of glucocorticoids can impair hippocampus-based declarative memory retrieval and prefrontal dependent working memory performance in healthy subjects. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is often characterized by memory impairment and increased cortisol secretion. Studies indicate that the impairing effects of glucocorticoids on declarative memory performance are missing in patients with MDD.

Effects of acute cortisol administration on autobiographical memory in patients with major depression and healthy controls.

Objective: Overgeneral autobiographical memory has become a well established phenomenon within major depressive disorder (MDD). Neuroendocrinologically, MDD is often characterized by a dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, i.e.