Clinical and Surgical Outcomes of Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Giant Pituitary Adenomas: Analysis of Predictive Factors.

Background: Giant pituitary adenomas (GPAs) are defined as tumors with ≥40 mm in any maximum diameter, and these tend to invade multiple intracranial compartments. Hence, treatment remains a surgical challenge.

Objective: To describe the clinical and surgical outcomes of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for GPA in a pituitary referral center in Latin America and to analyze associated predictive factors.

Combined Endoscopic Transsphenoidal and Tubular Retractor-Assisted Transventricular Approach for Giant Pituitary Adenomas.

Background: Surgical resection remains the standard treatment for most giant pituitary adenomas (GPAs). The selected surgical approach for these complex lesions depends mainly on their extension. Single approaches may be limited in some cases presenting with invasion into multiple compartments, thereby limiting extent of resection.