Profiles of intergenerational and digital solidarity between middle-aged parents and young adult children during the COVID-19 pandemic: Associations with parents' psychological well-being.

We uncovered latent profiles of intergenerational and digital solidarity between middle-aged parents and their oldest young adult children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, we investigated whether solidarity latent profiles were related to middle-aged parents' psychological well-being. We used data from the 2022 survey of the Longitudinal Study of Generations (LSOG), which involved 234 middle-aged parents providing information about their oldest young adult children.

Did Gender Egalitarianism Weaken Religiosity in Baby Boom Women? A Developmental-Historical Approach.

This investigation used long-term longitudinal survey data from baby boomer women to identify whether strengthening gender role egalitarianism in early adulthood predicted declines in religious service attendance and religious intensity in later life. The aging of this cohort coincided with dramatic societal shifts in gender values and religiosity. The data were derived from 350 women participating in the Longitudinal Study of Generations, a study originally fielded in 1971 of families living in Southern California.

Comparing Cortiva Silhouette to AlloDerm for Use in Prepectoral Two-stage Prosthetic Breast Reconstruction.

Background: The use of acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) in implant-based breast reconstruction has become increasingly routine during the past 20 years. ADMs improve soft-tissue support, facilitate greater tissue expander (TE) fill volumes, and reduce rates of capsular contracture. As the ADM market continues to grow, outcomes studies are necessary to assess the risks and benefits of each product.

Screening and Supplementation for Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.

Importance: Iron deficiency is the leading cause of anemia during pregnancy. According to survey data from 1999 to 2006, overall estimated prevalence of iron deficiency during pregnancy is near 18% and increases across the 3 trimesters of pregnancy (from 6.9% to 14.

ER-Targeted PET for Initial Staging and Suspected Recurrence in ER-Positive Breast Cancer.

Importance: There are insufficient data comparing 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-estradiol (FES) positron emission tomography (PET) computed tomography (CT) with standard-of-care imaging (SOC) for staging locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or evaluating suspected recurrence.

Objective: To determine the detection rate of FES PET/CT and SOC for distant metastases in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive LABC and recurrences in patients with ER-positive BC and suspected recurrence.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This diagnostic study was conducted as a single-center phase 2 trial, from January 2021 to September 2023.

Extreme Oncoplasty: Oncologically Safe When Compared with Mastectomy.

Background: Extreme oncoplasty is a breast-conserving operation using oncoplastic techniques in a patient who does not meet the traditional criteria for breast conservation and in whom most physicians would suggest a mastectomy. These tumors are generally multicentric and/or multifocal, they span more than 50 mm, or they can be large recurrences in a previously irradiated breast.

Methods: A prospective single institution database was queried from 2008 through mid 2023 for patients who met the criteria for extreme oncoplasty and were treated with excision plus whole-breast radiation therapy (WBRT) or mastectomy without WBRT.

Restoring Sensation through Abdominal Flap Neurotization in Breast Reconstruction.

Breast sensation plays a significant role in the safety and quality of life of women who undergo mastectomy and reconstruction. In 1992, Slezak et al. introduced the concept of abdominal flap neurotization to improve sensation of the reconstructed breast.

Evidence From the USPSTF and New Approaches to Evaluate Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment.

Importance: The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has considered the topic of prevention of child maltreatment multiple times over its nearly 40-year history, each time reaching the conclusion that the evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against interventions aimed at preventing this important health problem with significant negative sequelae before it occurs. In the most recent evidence review, which was conducted from August 2021 to November 2023 and published in March 2024, the USPSTF considered contextual questions on the evidence for bias in reporting and diagnosis of maltreatment in addition to key questions regarding effectiveness of interventions to prevent child maltreatment.

Observations: A comprehensive literature review found evidence of inaccuracies in risk assessment and racial and ethnic bias in the reporting of child maltreatment and in the evaluation of injuries concerning for maltreatment, such as skull fractures.

Metabolic complexity drives divergence in microbial communities.

Microbial communities are shaped by environmental metabolites, but the principles that govern whether different communities will converge or diverge in any given condition remain unknown, posing fundamental questions about the feasibility of microbiome engineering. Here we studied the longitudinal assembly dynamics of a set of natural microbial communities grown in laboratory conditions of increasing metabolic complexity. We found that different microbial communities tend to become similar to each other when grown in metabolically simple conditions, but they diverge in composition as the metabolic complexity of the environment increases, a phenomenon we refer to as the divergence-complexity effect.

Carbonate chimneys at the highly productive point Dume methane seep: Fine-scale mineralogical, geochemical, and microbiological heterogeneity reflects dynamic and long-lived methane-metabolizing habitats.

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that enters the marine system in large quantities at seafloor methane seeps. At a newly discovered seep site off the coast of Point Dume, CA, ~ meter-scale carbonate chimneys host microbial communities that exhibit the highest methane-oxidizing potential recorded to date. Here, we provide a detailed assessment of chimney geobiology through correlative mineralogical, geochemical, and microbiological studies of seven chimney samples in order to clarify the longevity and heterogeneity of these highly productive systems.

Parent-Child Relationship Typologies and Associated Health Status Among Older Adults in the United States and China: A Cross-Cultural Comparison.

Background And Objectives: Cultural differences in intergenerational relationships have been well established in prior research. However, cross-national comparison evidence on the parent-child relationship and its health implications remains limited.

Research Design And Methods: Data from the 2014 U.

Interventions for High Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.

Importance: Approximately 19.7% of children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years in the US have a body mass index (BMI) at or above the 95th percentile for age and sex, based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts from 2000. The prevalence of high BMI increases with age and is higher among Hispanic/Latino, Native American/Alaska Native, and non-Hispanic Black children and adolescents and children from lower-income families.

A Multi-institutional Analysis of a Textbook Outcome Among Patients Undergoing Microvascular Breast Reconstruction.

Background: Individual outcomes may not accurately reflect the quality of perioperative care. Textbook outcomes (TOs) are composite metrics that provide a comprehensive evaluation of hospital performance and surgical quality. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of TOs in a multi-institutional cohort of patients who underwent breast reconstruction with deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flaps.

Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.

Importance: Falls are the leading cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality among older adults in the US. In 2018, 27.5% of community-dwelling adults 65 years or older reported at least 1 fall in the past year and 10.

Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction can be Performed Safely in Patients with Obesity.

Background:  Numerous studies have shown that obesity is a risk factor for postoperative complications following breast reconstruction. Hence, obesity has traditionally been considered a relative contraindication to microsurgical breast reconstruction. In this study, we investigated the impact of obesity on outcomes following microsurgical breast reconstruction.

Associations between prior COVID-19 infection and venous thromboembolism following common plastic surgery operations.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection has been described as a cause of systemic hypercoagulability and a risk factor for the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Whereas some multispecialty studies have proposed a link between COVID-19 and postoperative thrombosis, other single-specialty studies have found no such association. We utilized a large national database to determine whether prior COVID-19 infection was associated with the incidence of VTE following common plastic surgery operations.

Burns Resulting From Electric Vehicle Manufacturing in Silicon Valley.

The development of electric vehicles (EVs) has introduced novel technologies and manufacturing processes that expose workers to new risks of burn injury. We identified 6 patients who were admitted to our burn center for injuries that occurred while working in EV manufacturing facilities. The burns fell into 3 categories: flash flame burns due to lithium-ion battery explosions, high-voltage electrical injuries, and burns caused by contact with molten metal.

Craniofacial Assault Against Women: A National Evaluation Defining At-risk Populations and Outcomes.

Introduction: Few studies have analyzed epidemiologic factor associated with female patients presenting to the emergency department from facial fractures because of assault. Clearly understanding these factors may assist in developing effective strategies to decrease the incidence and sequelae of these injuries.

Objectives: To determine the epidemiology of facial fractures because of assault in the female population.

Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.

Importance: Child maltreatment, which includes child abuse and neglect, can have profound effects on health, development, survival, and well-being throughout childhood and adulthood. The prevalence of child maltreatment in the US is uncertain and likely underestimated. In 2021, an estimated 600 000 children were identified by Child Protective Services as experiencing abuse or neglect and an estimated 1820 children died of abuse and neglect.