Narrative Discourse in Youth Offenders: Examining Individual Differences.

Purpose: This study examined narrative discourse in youth offenders, focusing on quality of story retelling, story comprehension, critical thinking, and the use of complex syntax.

Method: The participants were 15 incarcerated adolescents, ages 13-18 years ( = 16 years). Each was evaluated at their detention center via Zoom, using a standardized language test and language samples that elicited narrative speaking with fables.

Prescription drug coverage satisfaction and medication nonadherence among Medicare beneficiaries with cancer.

Background: Medication nonadherence among older patients with cancer can have profound health consequences. This study examines the association between prescription drug coverage satisfaction and medication nonadherence among Medicare beneficiaries with cancer.

Methods: We analyzed the 2017 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey Public Use File of beneficiaries aged ≥65 years with reported non-skin cancer (n = 806).

Challenges and Adaptations for Providing Smoking Cessation for Patients with Cancer across Canada during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Smoking cessation after a cancer diagnosis can improve health outcomes, but the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly altered healthcare patterns and strained resources, including for smoking cessation support for cancer patients. A Network that included all 13 provinces and territories (jurisdictions) in Canada received funding and coordinated support from a national organization to implement access to smoking cessation support in cancer care between 2016 and 2021, including throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive analyses of meetings between the organization and jurisdictions between March of 2020 and August of 2021 demonstrated that all jurisdictions reported disruptions of existing smoking cessation approaches.

Surface mould brachytherapy in oral and oropharyngeal cancers.

Introduction: There are insufficient data on surface mold brachytherapy (SMB) in treating oral cancers. We reviewed our institutional experience to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of this treatment modality.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all the patients treated between 1989 and 2018 with high-dose-rate iridium-192 SMB for oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas at our institution.

Accessibility and utilisation of telehealth services among older adults during COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

The removal of regulatory and reimbursement barriers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States presented opportunities to explore the potential of telehealth to improve access to and use of healthcare among underserved populations. Therefore, we examined factors associated with accessibility and utilisation of telehealth among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analysed the nationally representative Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey COVID-19 Supplement File of community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years (n = 5,189), administered from 5 October 2020, through 15 November 2020.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of adrenal gland metastases in oligometastatic and oligoprogressive disease.

Background: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as a form of noninvasive treatment that is becoming increasingly used to manage cancers with adrenal gland metastases. There is a paucity of data on safety and efficacy of this modality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adrenal gland SBRT in oligometastatic and oligoprogressive disease.

Prescription drug coverage satisfaction, cost-reducing behavior, and medication nonadherence among Medicare beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes.

Medication nonadherence in individuals with type 2 diabetes can lead to poor glycemic control, resulting in increased risk for diabetes-related complications. To examine associations between factors (ie, drug coverage satisfaction and cost-reducing behavior) and medication nonadherence among Medicare beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes. We analyzed the 2016 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey Public Use File for beneficiaries aged 65 years and older with reported type 2 diabetes (n=1,430; weighted n=5,846,943).

Association of congestive heart failure with hospital outcomes among renal cancer patients in the United States: analysis of nationwide inpatient sample.

: Patients with renal cancer are at increased risk of comorbid congestive heart failure (CHF) due to several shared risk factors and the cardiotoxicity of some medications used for renal cancer treatment. We aimed to examine the relationship between CHF and hospital outcomes among renal cancer patients in the U.S.

Squamous Cell and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Collision Tumor of the Soft Palate Treated with Surface Mold Brachytherapy.

Simultaneous primary cancers are rare in the oropharynx. This report describes the first reported case of a collision tumor of squamous cell and adenoid cystic carcinoma in the soft palate. The patient was immunosuppressed with a history of liver transplantation, smoking and heavy alcohol drinking.

Targeted surgical coaching can improve operative self-assessment ability: A single-blinded nonrandomized trial.

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of targeted surgical coaching on self-assessment of laparoscopic operative skill. Accurate self-assessment is vital for autonomous professional development. Surgical coaching can be used for performance improvement, but its role in this domain has been insufficiently investigated.

Setbacks and Successes: How Young Adults on the Autism Spectrum Seek Friendship.

Objective: To describe the perspectives of young adults on the autism spectrum about how they seek and make friends and explore the diverse ways that some develop satisfying friendships despite social difficulties.

Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with 20 young adults on the autism spectrum about their lives after high school. Although interviews covered a broad range of topics related to transition, the subject of friendship came up frequently throughout the interviews.

Prognostic factors and selection criteria in the retreatment of head and neck cancers.

Objectives: To determine predictors of treatment selection, outcome, and survival, we examined a cohort of previously irradiated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 100 patients at our institution who were treated for recurrent or second primary (RSP) HNSCC, focusing on subgroups receiving reirradiation (ReRT) alone and those undergoing surgical salvage (SS) with or without post-operative reirradiation therapy (POReRT). Logistic regression modeling was performed to identify factors predictive of retreatment modality.

Submucosal Gland Myoepithelial Cells Are Reserve Stem Cells That Can Regenerate Mouse Tracheal Epithelium.

The mouse trachea is thought to contain two distinct stem cell compartments that contribute to airway repair-basal cells in the surface airway epithelium (SAE) and an unknown submucosal gland (SMG) cell type. Whether a lineage relationship exists between these two stem cell compartments remains unclear. Using lineage tracing of glandular myoepithelial cells (MECs), we demonstrate that MECs can give rise to seven cell types of the SAE and SMGs following severe airway injury.

Effect of time to simulation and treatment for patients with oropharyngeal cancer receiving definitive radiotherapy in the era of risk stratification using smoking and human papillomavirus status.

Background: The effect of increasing time to definitive radiotherapy (RT) for patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is unknown.

Methods: Nodal tumor volumes at staging and simulation were compared for patients with oropharyngeal SCC. Time from staging to initiation of RT was tabulated.

Parents' and young adults' perspectives on transition outcomes for young adults with autism.

Existing research shows that young adults with autism spectrum disorder have poorer outcomes than their peers with other developmental disabilities in the key areas of independent living, postsecondary education, and employment. However, we understand little about how young adults with autism and their families understand and value outcomes and whether these indicators match their goals and aspirations. We interviewed parents (n = 21) and young adults with autism spectrum disorder (n = 20) about their experiences with the transition to adulthood to understand what they consider to be desirable outcomes and how they seek to achieve them.

Neck dissection for unknown cancer of the head and neck in the era of chemoradiation.

Purpose: To report outcomes for patients with cervical lymph node metastases from an unknown primary site of the head and neck treated with either non-operative therapy or neck dissection followed by adjuvant therapy.

Materials And Methods: All patients with squamous cell carcinoma of an unknown primary site of the head or neck seen between 2003 and 2013 were reviewed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival, local recurrence free survival, loco-regional recurrence free survival, and progression free survival.

Binaural Interference: Quo Vadis?

The reality of the phenomenon of binaural interference with speech recognition has been debated for two decades. Research has taken one of two avenues; group studies or case reports. In group studies, a sample of the elderly population is tested on speech recognition under three conditions; binaural, monaural right and monaural left.

Auditory adaptation testing as a tool for investigating tinnitus origin: two patients with vestibular schwannoma.

Objective: To enhance the understanding of tinnitus origin by disseminating two case studies of vestibular schwannoma (VS) involving behavioural auditory adaptation testing (AAT).

Design: Retrospective case study.

Study Sample: Two adults who presented with unilateral, non-pulsatile subjective tinnitus and bilateral normal-hearing sensitivity.

High-dose versus weekly cisplatin definitive chemoradiotherapy for HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Objectives: To compare the outcomes and toxicity of high-dose cisplatin (HDC) versus weekly cisplatin (WC) definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCCOPx).

Methods: All patients with p16 positive SCCOPx treated with definitive CRT with cisplatin between 2010 and 2014 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. CTCAE v 4.

Quality of Life and Performance Status From a Substudy Conducted Within a Prospective Phase 3 Randomized Trial of Concurrent Accelerated Radiation Plus Cisplatin With or Without Cetuximab for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Carcinoma: NRG Oncology Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0522.

Purpose: To analyze the quality of life (QOL) and performance status (PS) (secondary outcome) in patients with stage III to IV head and neck cancer (HNC) enrolled on a prospective randomized phase 3 trial comparing radiation-cisplatin without cetuximab (CIS) or with cetuximab (CET/CIS). The QOL hypothesis proposed a between-arm difference in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck (FACT-HN) total score of ≥10% of the instrument range from baseline to 1 year.

Methods And Materials: Patients who gave consent to the QOL/PS study completed the FACT-HN, Performance Status Scale for HNC (PSS-HN), and EuroQol (EQ-5D) at baseline through to 5 years.

Quality of Life and Performance Status From a Substudy Conducted Within a Prospective Phase 3 Randomized Trial of Concurrent Standard Radiation Versus Accelerated Radiation Plus Cisplatin for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Carcinoma: NRG Oncology RTOG 0129.

Purpose/objective(s): To analyze quality of life (QOL) and performance status (PS) for head and neck cancer (HNC) patients treated on NRG Oncology RTOG 0129 by treatment (secondary outcome) and p16 status, and to examine the association between QOL/PS and survival.

Methods And Materials: Eligible patients were randomized into either an accelerated-fractionation arm or a standard-fractionation arm, and completed the Performance Status Scale for the Head and Neck (PSS-HN), the Head and Neck Radiotherapy Questionnaire (HNRQ), and the Spitzer Quality of Life Index (SQLI) at 8 time points from before treatment to 5 years after treatment.

Results: The results from the analysis of area under the curve showed that QOL/PS was not significantly different between the 2 arms from baseline to year after treatment (P ranged from .

Distribution of Cervical Lymph Node Metastases From Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oropharynx in the Era of Risk Stratification Using Human Papillomavirus and Smoking Status.

Purpose/objective(s): To investigate the factors contributing to the clinical presentation of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in the era of risk stratification using human papilloma virus (HPV) and smoking status.

Methods And Materials: All patients with OPSCC presenting to our institutional multidisciplinary clinic from January 2009 to June 2015 were reviewed from a prospective database. The patients were grouped as being at low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk in the manner described by Ang et al.

Organ preservation with neoadjuvant chemoradiation in patients with orbit invasive sinonasal cancer otherwise requiring exenteration.

Purpose: We sought to determine if organ preservation (OP) with neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) was feasible in patients with sinonasal cancer determined to require exenteration.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients were determined to require exenteration for definitive treatment from 2005 to 2014. Fourteen patients underwent OP and 6 patients received exenteration with adjuvant CRT.