Pediatric Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Lessons for Better Care.

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an immune-mediated condition that is likely underrecognized in children. ACD is the result of primary sensitization and secondary elicitation by allergy-provoking haptens. A detailed clinical history and physical examination may yield diagnosis.

Relationship Between Short Sleep Duration and Preseason Concussion Testing.

Objective: Baseline, preseason assessment of cognition, symptoms, and balance has been recommended as part of a comprehensive sport concussion management program. We examined the relationship between sleep and baseline test results. We hypothesized that adolescents who slept fewer hours the night before would report more symptoms and perform more poorly on cognitive testing than students who had a full night sleep.

Nickel Allergy and Our Children's Health: A Review of Indexed Cases and a View of Future Prevention.

Nickel is the leading cause of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from early childhood through adolescence. Studies have shown that skin piercings and other nickel-laden exposures can trigger the onset of nickel ACD in those who are susceptible. Nickel ACD causes a vast amount of cutaneous disease in children.

Assessment of atopic dermatitis using self-report and caregiver report: a multicentre validation study.

Background: The epidemiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) in the U.S.A.

Prolonged Activity Restriction After Concussion: Are We Worsening Outcomes?

The current treatment of concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is primarily based on expert consensus. Most clinical practice guidelines advise cognitive and physical rest after injury including withdrawal from normal life activities such as school attendance, sports participation, and technology use until symptoms resolve. Some individuals who sustain an mTBI experience persistent physical, cognitive, and mental health problems.

Vitiligo disease triggers: psychological stressors preceding the onset of disease.

Vitiligo is the loss of skin pigmentation caused by autoimmune destruction of melanocytes. Little is known about the impact of psychological stressors preceding vitiligo onset on symptoms associated with vitiligo and the extent of disease. We performed a questionnaire-based study of 1541 adults with vitiligo to evaluate the impact of psychological stressors in this patient population.

Current Management of Pediatric Vitiligo.

Vitiligo is a common inflammatory disorder with worldwide prevalence of 0.4-2 % of the population, with half of cases beginning in childhood. The management of childhood vitiligo should be tailored to avoid negative effects on the overall growth and psychological development of the patient.

Scalp hyperkeratosis in children with skin of color: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.

Scalp hyperkeratosis is common in childhood and adolescence. Diagnosis is affected by age, race, and history of infectious exposure, and associated symptoms including atopic features, alopecia, inflammatory nodules, presence and type of cutaneous lesions outside of the scalp, and nuchal lymphadenopathy. Tinea capitis is common in children with skin of color, especially black and Hispanic children.

Update on hand-foot-and-mouth disease.

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is a viral exanthem caused, primarily by Coxsackie A16 and enterovirus 71 with typical clinical features of fever, painful papules and blisters over the extremities and genitalia and an enanthem involving ulceration of the mouth, palate, and pharynx. Other enteroviruses have recently been noted to cause severe neurologic illness and paralysis (enterovirus 68) with variable cutaneous features. A recent outbreak of Coxsackie A6 infection has been seen worldwide with cases reported in the United States, Japan, Southeast Asia, and Europe.

Nickel contact dermatitis in children.

Nickel is the most commonly detected cutaneous allergen on patch testing in the United States for children. The ubiquitous nature of nickel as a hardening agent in metal products makes avoidance difficult. Allergy in childhood can be hard to recognize, especially when a strong idiopathic response is noted.

Update on pediatric psoriasis.

Pediatric psoriasis accounts for approximately one-third of all cases of psoriasis. Although pediatric psoriasis was always understood to be a chronic inflammatory dermatosis, recent data suggest that pediatric psoriasis, similar to its adult equivalent, is part of a generalized inflammatory diathesis associated with metabolic syndrome, including obesity/overweight status, hypertriglyceridemia, high blood pressure, and insulin resistance. Given the recent proliferation of data demonstrating the generalized inflammatory nature of psoriasis, a new emphasis on adopting a healthier lifestyle and weight control as well as systemic therapies has emerged in the literature.

Resilience Is Associated with Outcome from Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Resilient individuals manifest adaptive behavior and are better able to recover from adversity. The association between resilience and outcome from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is examined, and the reliability and validity of the Resilience Scale and its short form in mTBI research is evaluated. Patients with mTBI (n=74) and orthopedic controls (n=39) completed the Resilience Scale at one, six, and 12 months after injury.

Multiple Past Concussions Are Associated with Ongoing Post-Concussive Symptoms but Not Cognitive Impairment in Active-Duty Army Soldiers.

The extent to which multiple past concussions are associated with lingering symptoms or mental health problems in military service members is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between lifetime concussion history, cognitive functioning, general health, and psychological health in a large sample of fit-for-duty U.S.

Nickel ferrule applicators: a source of nickel exposure in children.

Eye makeup has been investigated for nickel content and found to have no direct association with nickel allergy and cosmetic dermatitis. However, the tools used (e.g.

Systematic review of multivariable prognostic models for mild traumatic brain injury.

Prognostic models can guide clinical management and increase statistical power in clinical trials. The availability and adequacy of prognostic models for mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is uncertain. The present study aimed to (1) identify and evaluate multivariable prognostic models for MTBI, and (2) determine which pre-, peri-, and early post-injury variables have independent prognostic value in the context of multivariable models.

Complementary and alternative medicines and childhood eczema: a US population-based study.

The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in US children with eczema is unknown. Furthermore, it is unknown whether CAM use in the United States is associated with higher eczema prevalence. We sought to determine the eczema prevalence in association with CAM usage.

Techniques for toddlers: linear band incision for harlequin ichthyosis with associated compartment syndrome.

Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of cornification in which children are born with an extremely thick stratum corneum that becomes a restrictive circumferential encasement around the orifices, limbs, chest, and abdomen, resulting in limb contractures. We present a neonate diagnosed in utero with HI. The infant was born with encasing bands of thickened skin creating strictures that were causing digital and limb cyanosis (compartment syndrome).

Assessment of mild traumatic brain injury with the King-Devick Test in an emergency department sample.

Objective: The King-Devick Test (K-D) is a brief measure of cognitive processing speed and rapid gaze shifting that appears sensitive to the effects of sport-related concussion. This study evaluated its diagnostic and incremental validity in civilian patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI).

Methods: Participants with MTBI (n = 26) and controls with non-head injuries (n = 33) were prospectively recruited from an Emergency Department (ED).

Recommendations of the Alzheimer's disease-related dementias conference.

The National Alzheimer's Project Act, signed into law in 2011, mandates a National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease that is updated annually. In the Plan, the term Alzheimer disease includes not only Alzheimer disease (AD) proper, but also several specified related dementias, namely, frontotemporal, Lewy body, vascular, and mixed dementia. In response to a specific action item in the 2012 National Plan, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, in collaboration with the National Institute on Aging, convened panels of experts and conducted a 2-day public conference to develop research priorities and timelines for addressing Alzheimer disease-related dementias (ADRD) in 5 topic areas: multiple etiology dementias, health disparities, Lewy body dementias including dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia, frontotemporal dementia and related tauopathies, and vascular contributions to ADRD.

Recent advances in childhood vitiligo.

Vitiligo is an autoimmune depigmentation disorder that is estimated to affect about .5% of the worldwide population. Half of all cases begin in childhood.

Regional variation of and association of US birthplace with vitiligo extent.

IMPORTANCE Little is known about population-based risk factors and regional differences for vitiligo.OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of place of birth and residence on vitiligo extent.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A prospective questionnaire-based study using an online questionnaire with 2786 adults (72.