A Short Time Period in the Treatment of an Open Apice Intruded Tooth: An 8-year Follow-up.

Aim: Among traumatic dental injuries, intrusive dislocation is considered to be one of the most serious injuries. Despite the high success rate in complacent patients, the traditional technique of calcium hydroxide inoculation has drawbacks. The good antimicrobial and sealing properties combined with excellent biocompatibility and high success rates of the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) encourage its use.

Phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a Urban Park of Belém, Pará State, Northern Brazil and Potential Implications in the Transmission of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

In urban ecotourism parks, the life cycle of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) agents can remain established, where phlebotomines may comprise potential risks for visitors. The present study aimed to survey the phlebotomine fauna of a forest park 'Bosque Rodriques Alves-Jardim Botânico da Amazônia' (BRAJBA), in the urban area of Belém, Brazil. The park was monthly surveyed in 2018 using CDC light traps placed in ground and canopy strata.

A case of immune reconstitution syndrome complicating progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after kidney transplant: Clinical, pathological, and radiographic features.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a life-threatening central nervous system (CNS) disorder, most commonly described in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Limited data exist on its natural history and treatment in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. A complication of PML is the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), which develops after T cell reconstitution and can have severe consequences when it occurs in the CNS.

Leishmania DNA detection and species characterization within phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a peridomicile-forest gradient in an Amazonian/Guianan bordering area.

In the border region between Brazil and French Guiana, American cutaneous leishmaniasis is a worrisome public health issue, and entomological studies are required there to better identify classical and putative emerging transmission patterns. The present study aimed to detect and characterize Leishmania DNA in the phlebotomine population of Oiapoque (Amapá State, Brazil). Phlebotomines were captured in anthropized and wild environments in the outskirts of Oiapoque municipality, using CDC light traps installed in vertical (ground/canopy level) and horizontal (peridomicile/extradomicile/forest-edge/forest) strata.

Lack of association of Aspergillus colonization with the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in lung transplant recipients: An international cohort study.

Background: Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is a major limitation in the long-term survival of lung transplant recipients (LTRs). However, the risk factors in the development of BOS remain undetermined. We conducted an international cohort study of LTRs to assess whether Aspergillus colonization with large or small conidia is a risk factor for the development of BOS.

Inoculation of specific pathogen-free chickens with an infectious bursal disease virus of the ITA genotype (G6) leads to a high and persistent viral load in lymphoid tissues and to a delayed antiviral response.

Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) of the ITA genotype (G6) was shown to have peculiar molecular characteristics and, despite a subclinical course, aggressiveness towards lymphoid tissues after experimental infection of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare with a Classical IBDV strain, ITA IBDV distribution and persistence in various tissues (bursa of Fabricious, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, caecal tonsils, Harderian gland, kidney, liver and proventriculus), its cloacal shedding and the involvement of gut TLR-3 in duodenum tissues. The 35-day-old SPF chickens were experimentally infected and sampled up to 28 days post infection (dpi) for IBDV detection and TLR-3 quantification by qRT-PCR.

Determination of Eligibility for Influenza Research: A Clinical Informatics Approach.

Background: A clinical informatics algorithm (CIA) was developed to systematically identify potential enrollees for a test-negative, case-control study to determine influenza vaccine effectiveness, to improve enrollment over manual records review. Further testing may enhance the CIA for increased efficiency.

Methods: The CIA generated a daily screening list by querying all medical record databases for patients admitted in the last 3 days, using specified terms and diagnosis codes located in admission notes, emergency department notes, chief complaint upon registration, or presence of a respiratory viral panel charge or laboratory result (RVP).

Examining tumor modulating effects of photobiomodulation therapy on head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is an effective method for preventing and managing oral mucositis (OM) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients undergoing radiotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy. However, the potential effects of PBM therapy on premalignant and malignant cells eventually present in the treatment site are yet unknown. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effects of PBM therapy on HNSCC.

The Emperor's New Clothes: PRospective Observational Evaluation of the Association Between Initial VancomycIn Exposure and Failure Rates Among ADult HospitalizEd Patients With Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections (PROVIDE).

Background: Vancomycin is the most commonly administered antibiotic in hospitalized patients, but optimal exposure targets remain controversial. To clarify the therapeutic exposure range, this study evaluated the association between vancomycin exposure and outcomes in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia.

Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter (n = 14), observational study of 265 hospitalized adults with MRSA bacteremia treated with vancomycin.

What makes mucosal and anergic diffuse cutaneous leishmaniases so clinically and immunopathogically different? A review in Brazil.

American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is a parasitic protozoan disease caused by different Leishmania species widely distributed throughout Latin America. Fifteen Leishmania species belonging to the subgenera Viannia, Leishmania and Mundinia are known to cause ACL. Seven of these species are found in Brazil, of which Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis have the highest potential to cause mucosal (ML) and anergic diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL), respectively, the most severe forms of ACL.

The Argentinean multiple sclerosis registry (RelevarEM): Methodological aspects and directions.

Despite that different registries already exist in various countries in Europe and North America, no ongoing nationwide registry exists in Latin America (LATAM), a region where the disease behaves differently than in other regions. The objective of this document is to describe the methodology behind RelevarEM, the first nationwide MS registry in Argentina and LATAM. METHODS: In this article, we described the creation, implementation and data management of the nationwide MS registry in Argentina.

Tumor safety and side effects of photobiomodulation therapy used for prevention and management of cancer treatment toxicities. A systematic review.

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), has been increasingly used for the treatment of toxicities related to cancer treatment. One of the challenges for the universal acceptance of PBMT use in cancer patients is whether or not there is a potential for the light to stimulate the growth of residual malignant cells that evaded oncologic treatment, increasing the risk for tumor recurrences and development of a second primary tumor. Current science suggests promising effects of PBMT in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer-related lymphedema and oral mucositis, among other cancer treatment toxicities.

Arenaviruses and West Nile Virus in solid organ transplant recipients: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice.

These updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation review the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, and management of infection due to Arenaviruses and West Nile Virus (WNV) in the pre- and post-transplant period. Arenaviruses and WNV have been identified as causes of both donor-derived and post-transplant infection. Most data related to these infections have been published in case reports and case series.

Brody disease: when myotonia is not myotonia.

A 56-year-old man presented with painless impairment of muscle relaxation on vigorous contraction (eg, eyelid closure, hand grip, running). There were no episodes of paralysis, symptom progression, weakness or extramuscular symptoms. Five of his fifteen siblings had similar complaints.

Apical periodontitis associated with a calculus-like deposit: A case report of a rare fan-shaped manifestation.

Introduction: Bacterial biofilms can be calcified. Granulomas or cystic lesions are the most commonly found entities in endodontics. Surprisingly, this case report presents a rare radiopaque image, in a fan shape, of a calculus-like deposit in the periapical region of the maxillary left central incisor.

Binational burden of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Oiapoque, Amapá State, Brazil, bordering French Guiana.

Introduction: American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is regarded as a public health problem in the Oiapoque basin, between Brazil and French Guiana.

Methods: Data on ACL occurrence/epidemiological profile and etiology were sourced from Brazilian health services and a reference laboratory. Rainfall correlation was also analyzed.

Health Behaviours in Scaffold Use Risk Assessment Model - SURAM.

Introduction: Problems concerning occupational safety and health are commonly found in the construction industry, including falling materials, tools or people from a height, stepping on objects, and injuries caused by hand tools. An important factor in occupational safety in the construction industry is the use of scaffolds. All scaffolds used in construction, renovation, repair (including isolating, painting and decorating) and demolition, should be erected, maintained and dismantledin accordance with safety procedures.

Health predictors and conditions associated to moderate and vigorous physical activity among adults and elderly from Southern Brazil.

Introduction: Regular physical activity (PA) generates several health benefits. This study aimed to analyze the predictors of moderate PA (MPA) and vigorous PA (VPA) separately, as well as some health outcomes related to each intensity.

Method: A population-based, cross-sectional study, with adults and the elderly in the urban area of the city of Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.

Fire and legume germination in a tropical savanna: ecological and historical factors.

Background And Aims: In many flammable ecosystems, physically dormant seeds show dormancy-break patterns tied to fire, but the link between heat shock and germination in the tropical savannas of Africa and South America remains controversial. Seed heat tolerance is important, preventing seed mortality during fire passage, and is usually predicted by seed traits. This study investigated the role of fire frequency (ecological effects) and seed traits through phylogenetic comparison (historical effects), in determining post-fire germination and seed mortality in legume species of the Cerrado, a tropical savanna-forest mosaic.

Molecular characterization of the meq gene of Marek's disease viruses detected in unvaccinated backyard chickens reveals the circulation of low- and high-virulence strains.

Marek's disease (MD) is an important lymphoproliferative disease of chickens, caused by Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (GaHV-2). Outbreaks are commonly reported in commercial flocks, but also in backyard chickens. Whereas the molecular characteristics of GaHV-2 strains from the commercial poultry sector have been reported, no recent data are available for the rural sector.

Host and parasite responses in human diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. amazonensis.

Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) is a rare form of leishmaniasis where parasites grow uncontrolled in diffuse lesions across the skin. Meta-transcriptomic analysis of biopsies from DCL patients infected with Leishmania amazonensis demonstrated an infiltration of atypical B cells producing a surprising preponderance of the IgG4 isotype. DCL lesions contained minimal CD8+ T cell transcripts and no evidence of persistent TH2 responses.

Flavopereirine-An Alkaloid Derived from -Presents Leishmanicidal Activity In Vitro.

Chemotherapy is limited in the treatment of leishmaniasis due to the toxic effects of drugs, low efficacy of alternative treatments, and resistance of the parasite. This work assesses the in vitro activity of flavopereirine on promastigote cultures of . In addition, an in silico evaluation of the physicochemical characteristics of this alkaloid is performed.

Expanding the importance of HMERF titinopathy: new mutations and clinical aspects.

Objective: Hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure (HMERF) is caused by titin A-band mutations in exon 344 and considered quite rare. Respiratory insufficiency is an early symptom. A collection of families and patients with muscle disease suggestive of HMERF was clinically and genetically studied.