GOLDGUT-HNU082 Alleviates CUMS-Induced Depressive-like Behaviors in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Neurotransmitter Levels.

Emerging evidence links depressive disorders to the gut microbiota via the gut-brain axis. Probiotics, which are microorganisms that modulate the gut microbiota, have shown promising results in alleviating depression and are increasingly recognized as functional food components with potential health benefits. This study examines the effects of GOLDGUT-HNU082 (Lp082), a probiotic strain with potential applications in functional foods, on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression in mice.

MRI identifies disrupted cerebral development in medulloblastoma patients.

Cognitive decline in survivors of medulloblastoma is commonly attributed to radiation- and chemotherapy-induced brain microstructural alterations. Factors preceding this adjuvant therapy, such as disrupted brain development or resection surgery, may affect brain microstructure but have not been thoroughly explored in medulloblastoma. The aim of this study was to assess cortical thickness and microstructural integrity of the cerebrum prior to adjuvant therapy in medulloblastoma patients.

Prevention and alleviation of allergic rhinitis by oral administration of GOLDGUT-Lpc969.

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a widespread upper airway disorder characterized by inflammation of the nasal passages. It is immunologically mediated via the hypersensitivity type I mechanism, which is primarily elicited by the immunoglobulin E (IgE)-linking allergen-induced imbalance of the Th2/Th1 immune response. Owing to the limited efficacy of current medications, probiotics have received attention for their potential in preventing and ameliorating AR.

Enhanced catalytic performance and pH stability of Streptomyces Laccase Y230R and its degradation of malachite green.

The escalating threat of malachite green (MG) pollution poses significant risks to ecosystems. Saturation mutation targeting Tyr230 of small laccase (SLAC) from Streptomyces coelicolor yielded Y230R, exhibiting a remarkable 104 % increase in specific activity. Notably, this mutation achieved dual enhancements in both activity and pH stability.

Secondary cerebro-cerebellar and intra-cerebellar dysfunction in cerebellar mutism syndrome.

Background: Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) is characterized by deficits of speech, movement, and affect that can occur following tumor removal from the posterior fossa. The role of cerebro-cerebellar tract injuries in the etiology of CMS remains unclear, with recent studies suggesting that cerebro-cerebellar dysfunction may be related to chronic, rather than transient, symptomatology.

Methods: We measured functional connectivity between the cerebellar cortex and functional nodes throughout the brain using fMRI acquired after tumor removal but prior to adjuvant therapy in a cohort of 70 patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma.

Engineering Site 228 of Laccase for Optimizing Catalytic Activity.

Malachite green (MG) poses a formidable threat to ecosystems and human health. Laccase emerges as a promising candidate for MG degradation, prompting an investigation into the catalytic activity modulation of a small laccase (SLAC) from , with a focus on amino acid position 228. Through saturation mutagenesis, five mutants with a 50% increase in the specific activity were generated.

Effects of collagen hydrolysates on UV-induced photoaging mice: Gly-Pro-Hyp as a potent anti-photoaging peptide.

This work aimed to investigate the protective effects of collagen hydrolysates containing different contents of Gly-Pro-Xaa tripeptides on UV-induced photoaging mice and to identify potent anti-photoaging peptides. Results showed that oral ingestion of collagen hydrolysates with a higher content of Gly-Pro-Xaa tripeptides (∼11.4%, HCH) dramatically enhanced the absorption of Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, and Gly-Pro-Hyp into the body, which were 1.

Isolation of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain and its anti-obesity effect in a diet induced obese murine model.

Intestinal microbiota is a potential determinant of obesity, with probiotic bile salt hydrolase (BSH) as one of the key mechanisms in the anti-obesity effects. In this study, we present a Lactobacillus acidophilus GOLDGUT-LA100 (LA100) with high BSH activity, good gastric acid and bile salt tolerance, and a potential anti-obesity effect. LA100's anti-obesity effects were evaluated in a high-fat diet-induced, obese mouse model.

Equity-based carbon neutral plan induces cross-regional coal leakage and industrial relocation.

China as a major coal-consuming economy faces the challenge of balancing economic development and carbon neutrality goal. This paper incorporates both efficiency-based and equity-based carbon neutrality policies into a numerical model to quantitatively assess how coal reduction under various carbon-neutral policies affects energy mix, economic growth, and industrial structures by 2060. Results show the nationwide coal intensity will ultimately plunge by over 95% from 2017 to 2060, mainly attributed to the coal-phasing-out in most industries.

A Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain that can suppress Helicobacter pylori: isolation, in vitro and in vivo validation.

The administration of probiotics is an effective approach for treatment of Helicobacter pylori, which is associated with human gastrointestinal diseases and cancers. To explore more effective probiotics for H. pylori infection elimination, bacteria from infant feces were screened in this study.

Costs and health benefits of the rural energy transition to carbon neutrality in China.

The rural energy transition is critical in China's efforts to achieve carbon neutrality and improve air quality. However, the costs and health benefits associated with the transition to carbon neutrality remain unclear. Here we explore the cost-effective transition pathways and air quality-related health impacts using an integrated energy-air quality-health modeling framework.

Beer-gut microbiome alliance: a discussion of beer-mediated immunomodulation via the gut microbiome.

As a long-established fermented beverage, beer is rich in many essential amino acids, vitamins, trace elements, and bioactive substances that are involved in the regulation of many human physiological functions. The polyphenols in the malt and hops of beer are also important active compounds that interact in both directions with the gut microbiome. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which polyphenols, fiber, and other beneficial components of beer are fermentatively broken down by the intestinal microbiome to initiate the mucosal immune barrier and thus participate in immune regulation.

Effect of a probiotic formula on gastrointestinal health, immune responses and metabolic health in adults with functional constipation or functional diarrhea.

Objective: Our aim was to determine the efficacy of four-week probiotic supplementation on gastrointestinal health. The secondary objectives were to assess probiotic effects on immune reaction, as well as weight control and metabolic health.

Methods: We conducted two randomized sub-trials, respectively, among subjects who were diagnosed with functional constipation (FC) or functional diarrhea (FDr) according to the Rome IV criteria.

Regionally differentiated promotion of electric vehicles in China considering environmental and human health impacts.

Private passenger vehicles, with its high emissions of CO and air pollutants, poses a severe threat to global climate and human health, particularly for a large developing country like China. Although both energy efficiency improvement of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) and the wide adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) could contribute to reducing emissions, how they should be jointly implemented in provinces with a heterogeneous context to maximize their net benefits remains insufficiently explored. Here, based on an integrated modeling framework associated with one factual (REF) and four counterfactual scenarios to explore the priority and best-ranked ordering of both EVs' penetration and high energy-efficient ICEVs in 31 Chinese provinces to achieve the most environmental and human health benefits from 2011 to 2018.

Cerebellar mutism is linked to midbrain volatility and desynchronization from speech cortices.

Cerebellar mutism syndrome is a disorder of speech, movement and affect that can occur after tumour removal from the posterior fossa. Projections from the fastigial nuclei to the periaqueductal grey area were recently implicated in its pathogenesis, but the functional consequences of damaging these projections remain poorly understood. Here, we examine functional MRI data from patients treated for medulloblastoma to identify functional changes in key brain areas that comprise the motor system for speech, which occur along the timeline of acute speech impairment in cerebellar mutism syndrome.

Automatic detection and segmentation of postoperative cerebellar damage based on normalization.

Background: Surgical resection is the gold standard in the treatment of pediatric posterior fossa tumors. However, surgical damage is often unavoidable and its association with postoperative complications is not well understood. A reliable localization and measure of cerebellar damage is fundamental to study the relationship between the damaged cerebellar regions and postoperative neurological outcomes.

Lipid accumulation and SNF1 transcriptional analysis of Mucor circinelloides on xylose under nitrogen limitation.

Sucrose non-fermenting 1 (SNF1) plays a crucial role in utilizing non-glucose carbon sources and regulating lipid metabolism. However, the mechanism by which SNF1 regulates lipid accumulation in oleaginous filamentous fungi in response to nutrient signals remains unclear. In the present study, by analysing the growth and lipid accumulation of M.

Essential oils of : Chemical composition, alleviation effects on TPA induced ear swelling in mice and bioactivities.

(ZO) is a traditional food condiment. The essential oils of (ZOEOs) are known to have multiple bioactivities. In this study, gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analytical method was used to identify active ingredient present in ZOEOs.

Unified rhombic lip origins of group 3 and group 4 medulloblastoma.

Medulloblastoma, a malignant childhood cerebellar tumour, segregates molecularly into biologically distinct subgroups, suggesting that a personalized approach to therapy would be beneficial. Mouse modelling and cross-species genomics have provided increasing evidence of discrete, subgroup-specific developmental origins. However, the anatomical and cellular complexity of developing human tissues-particularly within the rhombic lip germinal zone, which produces all glutamatergic neuronal lineages before internalization into the cerebellar nodulus-makes it difficult to validate previous inferences that were derived from studies in mice.

Fastigial nuclei surgical damage and focal midbrain disruption implicate PAG survival circuits in cerebellar mutism syndrome.

Background: Pediatric postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) is a rare but well-known complication of medulloblastoma (Mb) resection with devastating effects on expressive language, mobility, cognition, and emotional regulation that diminishes quality of life for many Mb survivors. The specific anatomical and neuronal basis of CMS remains obscure. We address this issue by identifying patterns of surgical damage and secondary axonal degeneration in Mb survivors with CMS.

Sodium alginate and galactooligosaccharides ameliorate metabolic disorders and alter the composition of the gut microbiota in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity.

We aimed to investigate the effects of sodium alginate (SA) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on the metabolism and gut microbiota of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice. GOS and SA delayed high-fat diet-induced obesity, reduced the epididymal fat and liver indices, and improved the circulating lipid profile. Low- and high-dose GOS reduced weight gain by 48.

Biogeographic Role of the Kuroshio Current Intrusion in the Microzooplankton Community in the Boundary Zone of the Northern South China Sea.

Kuroshio Current intrusion (KCI) has significant impacts on the oceanographic conditions and ecological processes of the Pacific-Asian marginal seas. Little is known to which extent and how, specifically, the microzooplankton community can be influenced through the intrusion. Here, we focused on ciliates that often dominated the microzooplankton community and investigated their communities using high-throughput sequencing of 18S rRNA gene transcripts in the northern South China Sea (NSCS), where the Kuroshio Current (KC) intrudes frequently.

A comparison of methods accounting for batch effects in differential expression analysis of UMI count based single cell RNA sequencing.

Accounting for batch effects, especially latent batch effects, in differential expression (DE) analysis is critical for identifying true biological effects. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful tool for quantifying cell-to-cell variation in transcript abundance and characterizing cellular dynamics. Although many scRNA-seq DE analysis methods accommodate known batch variables, their performance has not been systematically evaluated.