Risk adjustment performance between NNIS index and NHSN model for postoperative colorectal surgical site infection: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Risk stratifications to predict development of surgical site infections (SSI) are crucial methods before surgery. Hence, we aimed to compare the performance of risk adjustment between the former NNIS risk index and the new NHSN procedure-specific risk model for postoperative colorectal SSI.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted.

Occupational Tasks Influencing Lung Function and Respiratory Symptoms Among Charcoal-Production Workers: A Time-Series Study.

Background: Tasks involved in traditional charcoal production expose workers to various levels of charcoal dust and wood smoke. This study aimed to identify specific tasks influencing lung function and respiratory symptoms.

Methods: Interviews, direct observation, and task/symptom checklists were used to collect data from 50 charcoal-production workers on 3 nonwork days followed by 11 workdays.

Socioeconomic impact on device-associated infections in pediatric intensive care units of 16 limited-resource countries: international Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium findings.

Objectives: We report the results of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium prospective surveillance study from January 2004 to December 2009 in 33 pediatric intensive care units of 16 countries and the impact of being in a private vs. public hospital and the income country level on device-associated health care-associated infection rates. Additionally, we aim to compare these findings with the results of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network annual report to show the differences between developed and developing countries regarding device-associated health care-associated infection rates.

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) report, data summary for 2003-2008, issued June 2009.

We report the results of the International Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2003 through December 2008 in 173 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) US National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN; formerly the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system [NNIS]) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection, we collected prospective data from 155,358 patients hospitalized in the consortium's hospital ICUs for an aggregate of 923,624 days. Although device utilization in the developing countries' ICUs was remarkably similar to that reported from US ICUs in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were markedly higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central venous catheter (CVC)-associated bloodstream infections (BSI) in the INICC ICUs, 7.

Attributable mortality of imipenem-resistant nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection.

Background: Uncertainty remains concerning the mortality attributable to infections caused by imipenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii (IRAB). The authors have sought to examine the impact of this resistance on patient mortality.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of imipenem resistance on the mortality of patients with Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection.

Improving surveillance system and surgical site infection rates through a network: A pilot study from Thailand.

Background: Surveillance of surgical site infections (SSI) provides data upon which interventions to improve patient safety can be based. In Thailand, however, SSI surveillance has not yet been standardized.

Objectives: To develop a standardized SSI surveillance system and to monitor SSI rates after introduction of such a system.

An outbreak of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii at Songklanagarind Hospital: the risk factors and patient prognosis.

Objective: To investigate for the factors associated with acquisition of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (IRAB) at Songklanagarind Hospital and the subsequent patient mortality outcome.

Design: A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors for IRAB acquisition using imipenem-sensitive A. baumannii (ISAB) as controls.

Using a collaborative to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia in Thailand.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious nosocomial infection, leading to high mortality and high costs of treatment in developed and limited-resource countries. A collaborative quality improvement (QI) project was conducted in 18 secondary and tertiary care hospitals in Thailand to address the problem.

Methods: The project, conducted between February 2004 and May 2005, entailed three face-to-face meetings--two national workshops and two regional workshops (each conducted twice).

Risk of surgical site infection and efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis: a cohort study of appendectomy patients in Thailand.

Background: No data currently exist about use of antibiotics to prevent surgical site infections (SSI) among patients undergoing appendectomy in Thailand. We therefore examined risk factors, use, and efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics for surgical site infection SSI among patients with uncomplicated open appendectomy.

Methods: From July 1, 2003 to June 30, 2004 we conducted a prospective cohort study in eight hospitals in Thailand.

Extra charge and extra length of postoperative stay attributable to surgical site infection in six selected operations.

Background: Information concerning the economic impact of surgical site infection (SSI) is very rare in Thailand. As the national health care financial system has been changing, the need for such data is critical.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to estimate the extra charge and excess postoperative hospitalization attributable to SSI in six surgical operative procedures comprising appendectomy, herniorrhaphy, mastectomy, cholecystectomy, colectomy, and craniotomy.

Standardized incidence rates of surgical site infection: a multicenter study in Thailand.

Background: No previous multicenter data regarding the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) are available in Thailand. The magnitude of the problem resulting from SSI at the national level could not be assessed. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of SSI in 9 hospitals, together with patterns of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis, risk factors for SSI, and common causative pathogens.

Device-associated infections and patterns of antimicrobial resistance in a medical-surgical intensive care unit in a university hospital in Thailand.

Background: Surveillance of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) received a high level of attention and outcome indicators are now used in benchmarking the quality of patient care. Since 1999 the surveillance has targeted three site-specific, device-associated infections, including ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), central-line-related bloodstream infection (CR-BSI), and catheter-related urinary tract infection (CR-UTI). The authors conducted a two-year prospective study on the incidences of these infections acquired in an ICU and report herein, together with the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the microorganisms isolated in an ICU.

Surgical site infections in patients undergoing major operations in a university hospital: using standardized infection ratio as a benchmarking tool.

Background: Because patterns of infection acquired in patients undergoing operation are ever changing, it is an essential part of nosocomial infection surveillance programs to periodically document the epidemiologic features of infection in these patients. This study was conducted with the primary intention of describing the incidence and risk factors of the surgical site infection (SSI).

Methods: We performed a prospective study in patients undergoing certain major operations at a 750-bed university hospital in Thailand.

Trauma severity scoring systems as predictors of nosocomial infection.

Objectives: To describe the patterns of nosocomial infections in patients with traumatic injuries and to compare the associations between injury severity, derived from various severity scoring systems, and subsequent nosocomial infections.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: A 750-bed university hospital serving as a medical school and referral center for the southern part of Thailand.