Efficient roller-driven elastocaloric refrigerator.

Elastocaloric cooling has experienced fast development over the past decade owing to its potential to reshape the refrigeration industry. While the solid-state elastocaloric refrigerant is emission-free, the efficiency of the state-of-the-art elastocaloric cooling systems is not sufficient yet to reduce carbon emissions during operation. In this study, we double the coefficient of performance, the most commonly used efficiency metric, via the synergy of material-level advances in TiNiCu and the system-level roller-driven mechanism capable of recovering kinetic energy.

Large Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy Induced by an Intersite Charge Transfer in Strained EuVOH Films.

Perovskite oxides O continue to be a major focus in materials science. Of particular interest is the interplay between and cations as exemplified by intersite charge transfer (ICT), which causes novel phenomena including negative thermal expansion and metal-insulator transition. However, the ICT properties were achieved and optimized by cationic substitution or ordering.

Inactivated vaccine fueled adaptive immune responses to Omicron in 2-year COVID-19 convalescents.

Over 3 years, humans have experienced multiple rounds of global transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. In addition, the widely used vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 involve multiple strategies of development and inoculation. Thus, the acquired immunity established among humans is complicated, and there is a lack of understanding within a panoramic vision.

Parallel T Cell Immunogenic Regions in Influenza B and A Viruses with Distinct Nuclear Export Signal Functions: The Balance between Viral Life Cycle and Immune Escape.

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) and influenza B viruses (IBVs) cause annual epidemics in human populations with seasonal circulation spikes. Peptide AM58-66GL9 located at residues 58-66 of M1 protein of IAVs has been recognized as an immunodominant T cell epitope with HLA-A*0201 restriction and broadly used as a positive reference in influenza immunity. This peptide also almost completely overlaps with a nuclear export signal (NES) 59-68 in IAV M1, which explains the limited escape mutations under the T cell immune pressure in this region.

The combination of lactate level, lactate clearance and APACHE II score better predicts short-term outcomes in critically Ill patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The mortality rate is high in critically ill patients due to the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment. Thus, it is very important to explore the predictive value of different indicators related to prognosis in critically ill patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Sixth People's Hospital in Shanghai, China.

Postnatal corticosteroid use for prevention or treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in England and Wales 2012-2019: a retrospective population cohort study.

Objective: Describe the population of babies who do and do not receive postnatal corticosteroids for prevention or treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Design: Retrospective cohort study using data held in the National Neonatal Research Database.

Setting: National Health Service neonatal units in England and Wales.

Effects of low molecular weight peptides from monkfish () roe on immune response in immunosuppressed mice.

This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory activation of low-molecular-weight peptides from monkfish () roe (named MRP) on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice. Our results indicated that MRP (100 mg/kg/d BW) could significantly increase the body weight and immune organ index, and improve the morphological changes in the spleen and thymus of mice. These effects subsequently enhance the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgM, and IgG.

DHA-enriched phosphatidylserine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced kidney injury in mice possibly by regulating TLR4/NF-κB and AMPK pathways.

The present study sought to investigate the amelioration effects of enzymatically synthesized docosahexaenoic acid-enriched phosphatidylserine (DHA-PS) on the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced kidney injury in mice. After 6 weeks of DHA-PS intervention, the mice's body weight in the 20 and 40 mg/kg DHA-PS groups decreased by 7.09% and 9.

A COVID-19 T-Cell Response Detection Method Based on a Newly Identified Human CD8 T Cell Epitope from SARS-CoV-2 - Hubei Province, China, 2021.

Introduction: Similar to antibody detection, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T-cell response evaluation is also pivotal among the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescents and the vaccinated populations. Nucleocapsid (N) protein is one of the main structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and can trigger T-cell responses in humans.

Methods: An overlapping peptide pool covering the full length of the N protein was designed, peptides with positive T-cell activating potency in COVID-19 convalescents were screened, and CD8 T cell epitopes were further identified.

Peptide Presentations of Marsupial MHC Class I Visualize Immune Features of Lower Mammals Paralleled with Bats.

Marsupials are one of three major mammalian lineages that include the placental eutherians and the egg-laying monotremes. The marsupial brushtail possum is an important protected species in the Australian forest ecosystem. Molecules encoded by the MHC genes are essential mediators of adaptive immune responses in virus-host interactions.

Developmental programming of the female reproductive system-a review.

Exposures to adverse conditions in utero can lead to permanent changes in the structure and function of key physiological systems in the developing fetus, increasing the risk of disease and premature aging in later postnatal life. When considering the systems that could be affected by an adverse gestational environment, the reproductive system of developing female offspring may be particularly important, as changes have the potential to alter both reproductive capacity of the first generation, as well as health of the second generation through changes in the oocyte. The aim of this review is to examine the impact of different adverse intrauterine conditions on the reproductive system of the female offspring.

Metabolomics Analysis of the Renal Cortex in Rats With Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Sepsis.

Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) can increase the mortality of critically ill patients and the incidence of chronic kidney disease in critically ill survivors. The main goal was to investigate the possible link between metabolic changes and sepsis-induced AKI development. The experimental animal model of sepsis-induced AKI was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide in rats.

Ang-(1-7) treatment attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced early pulmonary fibrosis.

Early pulmonary fibrosis is the leading cause of poor prognosis in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, whether the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) can serve as a therapeutic target is unknown. In this study, an animal model of early pulmonary fibrosis was established via the LPS three-hit regimen.