Publications by authors named "Sijia Qiu"
Article Synopsis
- A study developed and validated a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm to identify postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) from unstructured electronic health records (EHRs), aiming to improve accuracy compared to traditional diagnosis codes and prescription data.
- The research involved reviewing EHRs from a large health care system and comparing the NLP's performance with code-based methods by analyzing sensitivity, specificity, and other statistical measures.
- Results showed the NLP algorithm had high sensitivity (90.9%) and specificity (98.5%), with notable advantages in identifying PHN cases compared to code-based methods, which exhibited much lower sensitivity (52.7%-61.8%).
Article Synopsis
- The study examined the pregnancy outcomes of adults who received the HepB-CpG vaccine or the traditional HepB-alum vaccine shortly before or during pregnancy at Kaiser Permanente Southern California.* -
- Among the individuals studied, those who received HepB-CpG had a higher live birth rate (84%) compared to HepB-alum recipients (74%), with lower spontaneous abortion rates for the HepB-CpG group (7% vs. 17%).* -
- No major birth defects were reported in either group, suggesting that HepB-CpG does not pose additional risks for pregnancy outcomes compared to HepB-alum.*
Article Synopsis
- Emerging SARS-CoV-2 sublineages continue to pose a risk for serious COVID-19 disease, particularly as many individuals haven’t been vaccinated in over a year.
- A study evaluated the effectiveness of the mRNA-1273 bivalent vaccine against these circulating sublineages by analyzing confirmed cases and matching them to controls, revealing a decline in vaccine effectiveness over time.
- The findings suggest that periodic revaccination with updated vaccines could be necessary to lower COVID-19-related health issues as the effectiveness of existing vaccines decreases against new variants.
Article Synopsis
- The bivalent mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine, which targets both the original virus and the Omicron BA.4/BA.5 variants, has been authorized to enhance protection against COVID-19.
- A matched cohort study showed that compared to those who only received monovalent vaccines, the bivalent vaccine had a 70.3% effectiveness rate in preventing hospitalizations due to COVID-19.
- The bivalent booster not only sustained strong protection for over three months but also demonstrated effectiveness against medically attended SARS-CoV-2 infections (55.0%) and COVID-19 hospital deaths (82.7%).
Background: In 2018, Nevada implemented opioid prescribing legislation (AB474) to support the uptake of CDC pain care guidelines. We studied the law's association with doses over threshold levels of morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) and with time to dose increases and decreases, among long-term opioid patients.
Methods: A difference-in-difference study examined dosing changes across opioid prescription episodes (ie, prescriptions within 30 day and within the same dosing threshold).
Article Synopsis
- HepB-CpG (Heplisav-B) is a hepatitis B vaccine that requires only 2 doses, while HepB-alum (Engerix-B) requires 3 doses, prompting a study to assess the safety of these vaccines regarding new immune-mediated diseases, herpes zoster, and anaphylaxis in a real-world setting.
- A cohort study followed 69,625 adults who received either vaccine between 2018 and 2019, using electronic health records to track the incidence of the specified outcomes for 13 months.
- Results showed similar rates of immune-mediated diseases between both vaccines, except for rheumatoid arthritis, which was initially higher for HepB-CpG but adjusted to show no significant difference after
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed the effectiveness of receiving a fourth dose of the mRNA-1273 vaccine compared to only three doses in people aged 50 and older, involving nearly 357,000 participants from Kaiser Permanente Southern California.
- - Results showed that the fourth dose significantly improved protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection (25.9% more effective), COVID-19 hospitalization (67.3% more effective), and death from COVID-19 (72.5% more effective).
- - However, the effectiveness of the fourth dose decreased over time, particularly 2-4 months after vaccination, indicating that while four doses offer better protection, the level of effectiveness can vary and diminish in various demographic groups.
Background: Data on the effectiveness of the 3-dose mRNA-1273 primary series are limited, particularly in comparison to 2 doses. Given suboptimal COVID-19 vaccine uptake among immunocompromised populations, it is important to monitor the effectiveness of fewer than the recommended doses in this population.
Methods: We conducted a matched cohort study at Kaiser Permanente Southern California to evaluate the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of the 3-dose series vs 2 doses of mRNA-1273 in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 outcomes among immunocompromised individuals.
Article Synopsis
- * The study, including over 123,000 individuals, finds that while three doses of the mRNA-1273 vaccine provide strong initial protection against infections, effectiveness diminishes quickly for newer subvariants like BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5 after the third dose.
- * Hospitalization protection remains high with three doses but shows variability; four doses boost effectiveness but still drop significantly after a few months, indicating a need for evaluation of updated booster shots.
Article Synopsis
- The study compared the effectiveness of a COVID-19 booster vaccine (mRNA-1273) to the original two-dose series among immunocompetent adults in Southern California, tracking outcomes like infection and hospitalization from October 2021 to January 2022.
- Results showed a significant increase in protection from the booster, with a relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of 61.3% against infection and even higher rates (89.0% for hospitalization and 96.0% for hospital death).
- The effectiveness of the booster decreased over time, illustrating that while it provided strong initial protection, immunity waned after a couple of months, emphasizing the importance of ongoing vaccination strategies.