Long-term effect of orthokeratology on choroidal thickness and choroidal contour in myopic children.

Purpose: To investigate the long-term effect of orthokeratology (ortho-k) on the choroidal thickness and choroidal contour in myopic children.

Methods: Subjects were from a conducted 2-year randomised clinical trial. Children (n=80) aged 8-12 years with spherical equivalent refraction of -1.

Distribution, connection and function of ALDH1A1/TH neurons in substantia nigra pars reticulata of mouse.

The massive cell death of dopaminergic neurons (DANs) in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) is associated with motor diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. Moreover, as a subtype of DANs in SNC, ALDH1A1 neurons show better resistance to PD related neurotoxin. DANs can also be found in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNR), however, whether they are ALDH1A1 neurons are rarely reported, as well as their projection, function, and reaction in the PD pathology.

DACT2 protects against pulmonary fibrosis via suppressing glycolysis in lung myofibroblasts.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive fibrotic lung disease with poor prognosis and few treatment options. Dapper homolog 2 (DACT2), a member of the DACT gene family, plays crucial roles in tissue development and injury. However, its functions and molecular mechanisms in IPF remain largely unknown.

Mesenchymal stromal cells attenuate alveolar type 2 cells senescence through regulating NAMPT-mediated NAD metabolism.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive deadly fibrotic lung disease with high prevalence and mortality worldwide. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in pulmonary fibrosis may be attributed to the strong paracrine, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis and immunoregulatory effects. However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of MSCs in IPF, especially in terms of alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells senescence, are not well understood.

Asporin Promotes TGF-β-induced Lung Myofibroblast Differentiation by Facilitating Rab11-Dependent Recycling of TβRI.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive fibrotic lung disease with high mortality and morbidity. ASPN (asporin), a member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan family, plays crucial roles in tissue injury and regeneration. However, the precise pathophysiological role of ASPN and its molecular mechanisms in IPF remain unknown.