Immediate change following valve deployment in left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an effective treatment for aortic valve disorder. Several studies have reported improvements in systolic and diastolic function following TAVR. However, few studies have addressed immediate post-deployment changes.

Male-female spatio-temporal differences of age-related bone changes show faster bone deterioration in older women at femoral regions associated with incident hip fracture.

A better understanding of how age-related bone loss affects the fracture-prone regions of the proximal femur could lead to more informed fracture-prevention strategies. Therefore, the aim of this work was to assess the spatio-temporal distribution of bone deterioration in older men and women with aging. A subset of 305 men (74.

First documented movement of a humpback whale between the Cape Verde Islands and West Greenland.

The endangered population of humpback whales () breeding and calving off the Cape Verde Islands (CVI) are known to migrate to feeding areas located along the eastern margin of the North Atlantic Ocean (Iceland, and Norway). Here, we report for the first time a confirmed migration of an individual humpback whale from CVI breeding ground to a western North Atlantic feeding ground of West Greenland. This individual humpback, which was photographed and identified off the coast of West Greenland in 2021, was previously documented in CVI 22 years before (1999).

Population genomics of the white-beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris): Implications for conservation amid climate-driven range shifts.

Climate change is rapidly affecting species distributions across the globe, particularly in the North Atlantic. For highly mobile and elusive cetaceans, the genetic data needed to understand population dynamics are often scarce. Cold-water obligate species such as the white-beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) face pressures from habitat shifts due to rising sea surface temperatures in addition to other direct anthropogenic threats.

First record of Risso's dolphin (Cuvier, 1812) in Icelandic waters.

In July 2022, two Risso's dolphins were reported stranded in Hrútafjörður (N65° 09,503; W21° 05,529), a fjord in northern Iceland. These events represent the first confirmed observations and strandings of Risso's dolphins in Icelandic waters. Given the uniqueness of these events, a decision was made to conduct full necropsies on these individuals.

Milk intake and hip fracture incidence in community-dwelling old Icelandic adults.

Unlabelled: Milk and milk products have been known as important for bone health. Can ingestion of milk and milk products lower hip fracture risk for older adults? In this study, older Icelandic adults who were ingesting higher milk had a lower risk of hip fractures.

Introduction: This study describes associations between milk intake and hip fracture risk in older Icelanders.

Brain atrophy and cognitive decline in bipolar disorder: Influence of medication use, symptomatology and illness duration.

Bipolar disorder (BPD) is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression. To date, the association of biological and psychopathological processes in BPD has not been extensively studied on a cognitive and cortical basis at the same time. We investigated whether brain atrophy (in prefrontal, temporal and occipital cortices) was associated with cognitive, biological and clinical processes in patients with BPD and healthy controls (HCs).

Ritualized world relations: a Confucian critique of Rosa's limitations on resonance.

Hartmut Rosa argues that our modern and post-modern societies can be understood through the notion of dynamic stabilization-institutions require growth to maintain themselves. Part of the impetus behind the acceleration that drives dynamic stabilization is the desire to make the world more available, attainable, and accessible. On both the institutional and individual levels, this is translated into making the world more within our reach, more engineerable, predictable, and controllable.

Frequent Occurrence of Perianal Disease and Granuloma Formation in Patients with Crohn's Disease and Coexistent Orofacial Granulomatosis.

Background: Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is an inflammatory disorder of the perioral region and oral cavity. Crohn's disease (CD) in conjunction with OFG (CD-OFG), has been suggested to constitute a phenotype of CD with distinct features at diagnosis.

Aims: The aim of this project was to investigate whether the distinct phenotypic features of CD-OFG persist in the years following the initial diagnosis of CD.

Adjusting conventional FRAX estimates of fracture probability according to the number of prior fractures.

Unlabelled: The risk of a recurrent fragility fracture is high following a first fracture and higher still with more than one prior fracture. This study provides adjustments to FRAX-based fracture probabilities accounting for the number of prior fractures.

Introduction: Prior fractures increase subsequent fracture risk.

Rapid shifting of a deep magmatic source at Fagradalsfjall volcano, Iceland.

Recent Icelandic rifting events have illuminated the roles of centralized crustal magma reservoirs and lateral magma transport, important characteristics of mid-ocean ridge magmatism. A consequence of such shallow crustal processing of magmas is the overprinting of signatures that trace the origin, evolution and transport of melts in the uppermost mantle and lowermost crust. Here we present unique insights into processes occurring in this zone from integrated petrologic and geochemical studies of the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption on the Reykjanes Peninsula in Iceland.

Changes in vitamin D metabolites at the time of critical illness and 6 months later-A prospective observational study.

Background: Despite multiple studies suggesting that low 25(OH)D-vitamin levels are associated with worse outcomes in critically ill individuals, attempts to mitigate the outcomes by fixed dose enteral supplementation unguided by baseline or target blood levels have been unsuccessful. Since a single measurement of 25(OH)D may not optimally reflect an individual's vitamin D status, we studied the plasma concentration of different vitamin D metabolites and their recovery during and following resolution of acute critical illness.

Methods: A prospective observational study including patients 18 years and older admitted to a mixed medical-surgical ICU in Reykjavik, Iceland, located at a high-northern altitude (64° N).

Young Adult Male Patients With Childhood-onset IBD Have Increased Risks of Compromised Cortical and Trabecular Bone Microstructures.

Background: Young adults with childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have increased risks of low areal bone mineral density and low skeletal muscle mass. Volumetric BMD (vBMD), bone geometry and microstructures, in addition to possible associations with skeletal muscle index (SMI) and physical exercise have been scarcely studied in this patient group.

Patients And Methods: In total, 49 young adult male patients with childhood-onset IBD and 245 age- and height-matched young adult male controls were scanned with high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography.

[The relationship between lack of educational attainment, cardiovascular risk factors, atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease].

Introduction: Educational attainment is related to improved health and longevity. We investigated the relationship between educational attainment and cardiovascular risk factors, subclinical atherosclerosis, and incidence of coronary artery disease.

Material And Methods: The Reykjavik REFINE study is a population-based study recruiting 6616 subjects, 25-69 years of age from the greater Reykjavik area in 2005-2011.

The sequences of 150,119 genomes in the UK Biobank.

Detailed knowledge of how diversity in the sequence of the human genome affects phenotypic diversity depends on a comprehensive and reliable characterization of both sequences and phenotypic variation. Over the past decade, insights into this relationship have been obtained from whole-exome sequencing or whole-genome sequencing of large cohorts with rich phenotypic data. Here we describe the analysis of whole-genome sequencing of 150,119 individuals from the UK Biobank.

Dravet syndrome in children-A population-based study.

Objective: The aim was to describe age at diagnosis, cumulative incidence, SCN1A variants, mortality, seizure types and treatments in children with Dravet Syndrome (DS) in Sweden.

Methods: Children diagnosed with DS, born between January 1st 2000 and December 31st 2018 were included in a population-based study. Clinical data, frequency of seizure types and treatments were collected from caregivers and medical records in 42 children.

Serum 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D Status and Incident Hip Fractures in Elderly Adults: Looking Beyond Bone Mineral Density.

Observational studies have consistently reported a higher risk of fractures among those with low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Emerging evidence suggests that low serum 25(OH)D levels may increase the rate of falls through impaired physical function. Examine to what extent baseline measures of volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), absolute bone mineral content (BMC), and markers of physical function may explain incident hip fractures in older adults with different serum levels of 25(OH)D.

Physical exercise is associated with beneficial bone mineral density and body composition in young adults with childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of compromised bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition. There are limited data on the physical exercise (PE) habits of patients with childhood-onset IBD and on the associations between PE and BMD and body composition.

Patients And Methods: In total, 72 young adults with childhood-onset IBD and 1341 normative young adult controls answered questionnaires regarding PE [hours/week (h/w)] in the last 12 months.

Accelerated decline in quadriceps area and Timed Up and Go test performance are associated with hip fracture risk in older adults with impaired kidney function.

Objective: This study aimed to examine whether an accelerated decline in quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA), attenuation (a surrogate of quality), and strength, as well as lower limb muscular function, are associated with hip fractures in older adults with impaired kidney function.

Design: Prospective population-based study.

Setting: Community-dwelling old population in Reykjavik, Iceland.

Mild Stage 1 post-operative acute kidney injury: association with chronic kidney disease and long-term survival.

Background: Mild cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) are identified by a small rise in serum creatinine (SCr) according to the KDIGO AKI definition. The aim of this study was to examine the long-term outcomes of individuals with mild AKI.Methods.