Predictors of women's positive childbirth pain experience: Findings from an Icelandic national study.

Background: Pain in childbirth has been identified as one of the major components in the childbirth experience and an important topic that needs to be addressed during pregnancy, birth and the after-birth period.

Aim: The aim of the study was to describe women's childbirth pain experience and to identify predictors of women's positive childbirth pain experience.

Method: A population-based cross-sectional cohort study design was implemented, with convenient consecutive sampling, stratified according to residency.

Pregnant women's expectations about pain intensity during childbirth and their attitudes towards pain management: Findings from an Icelandic national study.

Background: Pregnant women expect childbirth to be painful. However, little is known about their expectations of the intensity of pain in childbirth (EIPC) and their attitudes to pain management.

Method: The design was a cross-sectional survey, with self-reported questionnaires used to collect data from low-risk pregnant women (N = 1111) early in pregnancy at 26 of the largest primary health care centres in Iceland.