Pelvic floor disorders and impact on sexual function: a cross-sectional study among non-sexually active and sexually active women.

Background: Pelvic floor disorders are common and associated with impaired sexual function in women.

Aim: To assess women with pelvic floor disorders and describe factors associated with not being sexually active and those associated with sexual function in sexually active women.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted that included nonpregnant women with symptoms of pelvic floor disorders who were referred to the urogynecologic and surgical outpatient clinic at 2 Norwegian university hospitals: St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, and the University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø.

The association between serum vitamin D status and dental caries or molar incisor hypomineralisation in 7-9-year-old Norwegian children: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Research focusing on the association between serum vitamin D and oral health outcomes in children, such as dental caries and molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), shows inconsistent results. Previous studies have predominantly investigated dental caries and MIH as dichotomized outcomes, which limits the information on their distribution. In addition, the methods used for analysing serum vitamin D have varied.

Employing fasting plasma glucose to safely limit the use of oral glucose tolerance tests in pregnancy: a pooled analysis of four Norwegian studies.

Background/objective: There is no international consensus about the optimal approach to screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) has been proposed as an alternative universal screening test to simplify the diagnosis of GDM. We investigate the ability of the FPG to predict a 2-hour glucose value below the cut-off for GDM, thereby "ruling out" the necessity of a full OGTT and assess the proportion of GDM-related complications associated with the identified FPG level.

Symptoms of complex pelvic pain: A survey in three cohorts of women.

Introduction: There has been increased interest in addressing chronic pelvic pain and its complexity in women. The often multifactorial etiology of chronic pelvic pain and its heterogeneous presentation, however, make the condition challenging to manage. Overlap with other pain-related conditions is frequently reported, and chronic pelvic pain may impact sexual function.

Amsterdam complex pelvic pain symptom scale with subscales: Based on a Norwegian translation, psychometric assessment and modification of the Amsterdam hyperactive pelvic floor scale.

Introduction: Women with an abnormally high pelvic floor muscle tone may have a clinical presentation that is complex, involving urinary, anorectal and/or sexual dysfunction, genital/pelvic pain and psychological distress. The Amsterdam Hyperactive Pelvic Floor Scale (AHPFS) is a Dutch 30-item condition-specific self-report questionnaire developed to measure these complex pelvic pain symptoms. The aim of this study was to translate the Dutch version into Norwegian, to assess the psychometric properties, and to present a valid factor structure.

Physical health and neurodevelopmental outcome in 7-year-old children whose mothers were at risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at risk of metabolic disturbances such as diabetes mellitus and overweight. However, few have examined the outcome of children whose mothers were at risk of GDM. The aim of the study was to investigate how mothers' risk of developing GDM affects physical health and neurodevelopment of the children at 7 years of age.

Adverse pregnancy outcomes among women in Norway with gestational diabetes using three diagnostic criteria.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in women diagnosed with GDM by the World Health Organization (WHO) 1999 criteria, and in those retrospectively identified by the Norwegian-2017 and WHO-2013 criteria but not by WHO-1999 criteria. We also examine the effect of maternal overweight/obesity and ethnicity.

Material And Methods: We used pooled data from four Norwegian cohorts (2002-2013), encompassing 2970 mother-child pairs.

Dietary Intake in Early Pregnancy and Glycemia in Late Pregnancy among Women with Obesity.

Women with obesity have increased risk for hyperglycemia during pregnancy, with negative health consequences for mother and child. We aimed to investigate adherence to nutritional recommendations in early pregnancy and to examine associations between early pregnancy dietary intake and late pregnancy glycemia among women with obesity. We included 120 women with pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m who participated in one of two randomized controlled trials.

Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training and urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled 7-year follow-up study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Urinary incontinence is common postpartum. Our aims were to assess whether antenatal exercise including pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) has long-term effects on urinary incontinence (UI) and to explore factors associated with UI 7 years postpartum.

Methods: A follow-up of a two-centre randomized controlled trial performed at St.

Treatment of urinary incontinence in women with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-a randomised controlled study.

Background: Little is known regarding treatment of urinary incontinence (UI) in women with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the study was to explore the efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) or cough-suppression techniques (CST) on UI in women with COPD.

Methods: A three-armed, two-centred, single-blinded, randomised controlled study was performed.

Systematic assessment of salivary inflammatory markers and dental caries in children: an exploratory study.

Objective: To investigate associations between a wide panel of salivary inflammatory markers and the presence of dental caries among children.

Material And Methods: In this exploratory, cross-sectional study, 176 children, aged 7-9, underwent a dental examination. Information on the children's oral health habits and lifestyles was collected from their mothers.

Body mass index and physical activity in seven-year-old children whose mothers exercised during pregnancy: follow-up of a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Background: There are limited data on long-term outcomes of children whose mothers have followed exercise interventions during pregnancy. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether regular moderate intensity exercise during pregnancy affected the children's body mass index (BMI) and physical activity (PA) at 7 years of age, and determine the relationship between children's and mothers' BMI and PA.

Methods: This was a follow-up of a multicentre randomised controlled trial, carried out at St.

Cytokine Patterns in Maternal Serum From First Trimester to Term and Beyond.

Pregnancy implies delicate immunological balance between two individuals, with constant changes and adaptions in response to maternal capacity and fetal demands. We performed cytokine profiling of 1149 longitudinal serum samples from 707 pregnant women to map immunological changes from first trimester to term and beyond. The serum levels of 22 cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP) followed diverse but characteristic trajectories throughout pregnancy, consistent with staged immunological adaptions.

Identifying women with gestational diabetes based on maternal characteristics: an analysis of four Norwegian prospective studies.

Background: There is still no worldwide agreement on the best diagnostic thresholds to define gestational diabetes (GDM) or the optimal approach for identifying women with GDM. Should all pregnant women perform an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or can easily available maternal characteristics, such as age, BMI and ethnicity, indicate which women to test? The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of GDM by three diagnostic criteria and the predictive accuracy of commonly used risk factors.

Methods: We merged data from four Norwegian cohorts (2002-2013), encompassing 2981 women with complete results from a universally offered OGTT.

The effect of preoperative pelvic floor muscle training on urinary and colorectal-anal distress in women undergoing pelvic organ prolapse surgery-a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) improves urinary incontinence and mild pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We aimed to investigate the effect of preoperative PFMT on urinary and colorectal-anal distress and related quality of life (QoL) in women with severe POP scheduled for surgery.

Methods: Randomized controlled trial of 159 women scheduled for POP surgery (intervention = 81, controls = 78).

Adverse events of exercise therapy in randomised controlled trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the relative risk (RR) of serious and non-serious adverse events in patients treated with exercise therapy compared with those in a non-exercising control group.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Primary studies were identified based on The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews investigating the effect of exercise therapy.

The effect of an exercise program in pregnancy on vitamin D status among healthy, pregnant Norwegian women: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is common in pregnant women worldwide. Regular prenatal exercise is considered beneficial for maternal and fetal health. There is a knowledge gap regarding the impact of prenatal exercise on maternal vitamin D levels.

The MMP9 rs17576 A>G polymorphism is associated with increased lumbopelvic pain-intensity in pregnant women.

Background And Aims: Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) is an enzyme that may affect degradation of several extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the pelvic ligaments during pregnancy. Previous studies indicate that genetic variations in the gene encoding MMP9 may affect the enzymatic activity. One such genetic variant is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs17576 A>G.

Alterations in the vitamin D endocrine system during pregnancy: A longitudinal study of 855 healthy Norwegian women.

To ensure optimal calcium accrual in the fetal skeleton, a substantial rise occurs in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), but is dependent on sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH)D). Large longitudinal studies addressing free 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D during pregnancy are scarce. We aimed to assess levels of and relationship between 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and free 25(OH)D during pregnancy; determinants of vitamin D status; and association between vitamin D indices or PTH and pregnancy outcomes (gestational diabetes mellitus and birthweight).

Prevalence and predictors of double incontinence 1 year after first delivery.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Urinary (UI) and anal incontinence (AI) are common pelvic floor disorders (PFD), and postpartum women experiencing double incontinence (DI), the combination of UI and AI, tend to have more severe symptoms and a greater impact on quality of life. Our objective was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of postpartum DI and UI alone 1 year after first delivery.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 976 women reported the prevalence of DI and UI alone 1 year after their first delivery in one of two hospitals in Norway using the St Marks score and the ICI-Q UI SF.

Effects of antenatal diet and physical activity on maternal and fetal outcomes: individual patient data meta-analysis and health economic evaluation.

Background: Diet- and physical activity-based interventions in pregnancy have the potential to alter maternal and child outcomes.

Objectives: To assess whether or not the effects of diet and lifestyle interventions vary in subgroups of women, based on maternal body mass index (BMI), age, parity, Caucasian ethnicity and underlying medical condition(s), by undertaking an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis. We also evaluated the association of gestational weight gain (GWG) with adverse pregnancy outcomes and assessed the cost-effectiveness of the interventions.

Hemoglobin A1c as screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in Nordic Caucasian women.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk for preeclampsia and macrosomia. GDM is conventionally diagnosed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a marker for the average glucose level the last 2-3 months.