Childhood adversity trajectories and not being in education, employment, or training during early adulthood: The Danish life course cohort (DANLIFE).

Background: Single and cumulative childhood adversities have been associated with not being in education, employment, or training (NEET) in early adulthood, but associations with more comprehensive childhood adversity measures incorporating clustering of adversities in different dimensions (material, health and family) remain to be examined.

Methods: Data from the Danish register-based DANLIFE study are used. Individuals were divided over five groups of childhood adversity from 0 to 15 years.

Childhood adversity, early school leaving and long-term social benefit use: A longitudinal mediation analysis of a population-wide study.

Background: Childhood adversity has been associated with early school leaving and reliance on social benefits. In this mediation study, we disentangle the contribution of differential likelihood of and differential susceptibility to early school leaving in the association between childhood adversity and long-term use of social benefits in young adulthood.

Methods: We used nationwide register data from the Danish Life Course cohort study on individuals born between Jan 1, 1980, and Oct 2, 1987, who did not die or emigrate before age 16, with complete information on education at age 30 (n = 370,165).

Population-level administrative data: A resource to advance psychological science.

Population-level administrative data-data on individuals' interactions with administrative systems, such as healthcare, social-welfare, criminal-justice, and education systems-are a fruitful resource for research into behavior, development, and wellbeing. However, administrative data are underutilized in psychological science. Here, we review advantages of population-level administrative data for psychological research, with examples of advances in psychological theory arising from administrative-data studies.

Association between childhood adversity and use of the health, social, and justice systems in Denmark (DANLIFE): a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Childhood adversities can negatively affect health and social outcomes. We aimed to assess the association between adversity in childhood and use of public services in early adulthood across three systems: health, social welfare, and justice.

Methods: We used Danish nationwide registry data on individuals born between 1980 and 1991 and followed up between 1998 and 2021.

The causal effect of mental health on labor market outcomes: The case of stress-related mental disorders following a human-made disaster.

As disasters increase due to climate change, population density, epidemics, and technology, information is needed about postdisaster consequences for people's mental health and how stress-related mental disorders affect multiple spheres of life, including labor-market attachment. We tested the causal hypothesis that individuals who developed stress-related mental disorders as a consequence of their disaster exposure experienced subsequent weak labor-market attachment and poor work-related outcomes. We leveraged a natural experiment in an instrumental variables model, studying a 2004 fireworks factory explosion disaster that precipitated the onset of stress-related disorders (posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression) among individuals in the local community (N = 86,726).

Use of Population-Level Administrative Data in Developmental Science.

Population-level administrative data-data on individuals' interactions with administrative systems (e.g., health, criminal justice, and education)-have substantially advanced our understanding of life-course development.

Individual differences in timing of susceptibility to adverse effects of family dysfunction.

Do adolescents vary in the timing of their susceptibility to family-related adversity? Does early exposure to family dysfunction affect later adolescent plasticity? To address these two questions an influence statistic, DFBETAS, was used to capture degree to which 605,344 Danish children (294,479 females, 5.21% immigrants; race/ethnicity information not available in Danish registry) appeared susceptible to the adverse effects of household dysfunction measured annually at ages 0-5 and 13-18 on problematic development at age 18-19. Degree of susceptibility to family-adversity effects proved generally consistent across periods (γ = 0.

Beyond early years versus adolescence: The interactive effect of adversity in both periods on life-course development.

Developmental scholars, parents, and policymakers alike have long heralded the opening years of life as disproportionately influential. Recent work on adolescence has revealed, however, greater influence of these later years-but without considering how experience during these two periods interact. We address this issue by studying adverse experiences (e.

The effects of unemployment on fertility.

We analyse the effects of unemployment on the likelihood of having a first and second birth in Denmark. The existing studies on this topic have generated contradictory results, and have made a weak case for the exogeneity of unemployment to fertility. We suggest that firm closures constitute an exogenous source of unemployment, and adopt firm closures as an instrument for estimating individuals' fertility responses.

Nationwide evidence that education disrupts the intergenerational transmission of disadvantage.

Despite overall improvements in health and living standards in the Western world, health and social disadvantages persist across generations. Using nationwide administrative databases linked for 2.1 million Danish citizens, we leveraged a three-generation approach to test whether multiple, different health and social disadvantages-poor physical health, poor mental health, social welfare dependency, criminal offending, and Child Protective Services involvement-were transmitted within families and whether education disrupted these statistical associations.

Association of Youth Age at Exposure to Household Dysfunction With Outcomes in Early Adulthood.

Importance: The current focus on the association of negative experiences in early childhood with adverse outcomes later in life is based on limited empirical evidence.

Objective: To evaluate whether age at exposure to negative experiences in childhood and adolescence is associated with outcomes in early adulthood.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used population data from administrative sources for all Danish individuals born between 1987 and 1995 who were living in Denmark at 19 years of age.

Clustering of health, crime and social-welfare inequality in 4 million citizens from two nations.

Health and social scientists have documented the hospital revolving-door problem, the concentration of crime, and long-term welfare dependence. Have these distinct fields identified the same citizens? Using administrative databases linked to 1.7 million New Zealanders, we quantified and monetized inequality in distributions of health and social problems and tested whether they aggregate within individuals.

Drinking Alone? The Effect of an Alcohol Treatment Program on Relationship Stability for Convicted Drunk Drivers in Denmark.

This article tests whether an alcohol treatment program for drunk drivers in Denmark increased the stability of their relationships with spouses or cohabiting partners. The treatment program, implemented in 1990, allowed a group of offenders to avoid prison and participate in a rehabilitation program. I use it here as a natural experiment, exploiting a rich administrative dataset to show that the program marginally increases offenders' relationship stability.

Family matters? The effect of kinship care on foster care disruption rates.

Compared with other types of out-of-home care, kinship care is cheap, and offers the child a more familiar environment. However, little is known about the causal effect of kinship care on important outcomes. This study is the first to estimate causal effects of kinship care on placement stability, using full-sample administrative data (N=13,157) and instrumental variables methods.

Effect of Marriage and Spousal Criminality on Recidivism.

The authors analyzed whether the effect of marriage on recidivism varied by spousal criminality. For this purpose, they used propensity score matching and full population data from Statistics Denmark on all unmarried and previously convicted men from birth cohorts 1965-1985 (N = 102,839). The results showed that marriage reduced recidivism compared to nonmarriage only when the spouse had no criminal record.

Parental incarceration and child mortality in Denmark.

Objectives: We used Danish registry data to examine the association between parental incarceration and child mortality risk.

Methods: We used a sample of all Danish children born in 1991 linked with parental information. We conducted discrete-time survival analysis separately for boys (n = 30 146) and girls (n = 28 702) to estimate the association of paternal and maternal incarceration with child mortality, controlling for parental sociodemographic characteristics.

Educational assortative mating and income inequality in Denmark.

Many writers have expressed a concern that growing educational assortative mating will lead to greater inequality between households in their earnings or income. In this article, we examine the relationship between educational assortative mating and income inequality in Denmark between 1987 and 2006. Denmark is widely known for its low level of income inequality, but the Danish case provides a good test of the relationship between educational assortative mating and inequality because although income inequality increased over the period we consider, educational homogamy declined.

The cost of sickness: on the effect of the duration of sick leave on post-sick leave earnings.

Studies analysing the effect of the duration of sick leave on subsequent labour market outcomes do not consider the potential endogenous relationship between duration and labour market outcomes. This paper deals with this shortcoming by using a consistent estimator attained through Instrumental Variables methods for estimating the effect of the duration of a sick leave spell on post-sick leave earnings. I use Danish administrative data and a major 2001 reform of the sick leave system as the instrument for duration.

[Economic consequences of accelerated care pathways in total knee-arthroplasty].

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare economic costs, readmissions and the use of services in the primary health care sector associated with total knee-arthroplasty (TKA) between a department with accelerated care pathways and two departments with more conventional pathways.

Material And Methods: The cost data were collected retrospectively for 2006 for one department with accelerated pathways in TKA with a separate arthroplastic section, one department with more conventional pathways where the TKA patients were admitted together with acute patients and one department with conventional pathways with only elective orthopaedic surgery. We compared readmissions and the use of secondary services in the primary health sector within three months after discharge.