Predictors of long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection of early gastric neoplasia in the West: a multicenter study.

Background: This study aimed to determine long-term outcomes of gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in Western settings based on the latest Japanese indication criteria, and to examine predictors of outcomes and complications.

Methods: Data were collected from consecutive patients undergoing gastric ESD at four participating centers from 2009 to 2021. Retrospective analysis using logistic regression and survival analysis was performed.

MicroRNAs regulate the sesquiterpenoid hormonal pathway in and other arthropods.

Arthropods comprise the majority of all described animal species, and understanding their evolution is a central question in biology. Their developmental processes are under the precise control of distinct hormonal regulators, including the sesquiterpenoids juvenile hormone (JH) and methyl farnesoate. The control of the synthesis and mode of action of these hormones played important roles in the evolution of arthropods and their adaptation to diverse habitats.

The first myriapod genome sequence reveals conservative arthropod gene content and genome organisation in the centipede Strigamia maritima.

Myriapods (e.g., centipedes and millipedes) display a simple homonomous body plan relative to other arthropods.

A quantitative atlas of Even-skipped and Hunchback expression in Clogmia albipunctata (Diptera: Psychodidae) blastoderm embryos.

Background: Comparative studies of developmental processes are one of the main approaches to evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo). Over recent years, there has been a shift of focus from the comparative study of particular regulatory genes to the level of whole gene networks. Reverse-engineering methods can be used to computationally reconstitute and analyze the function and dynamics of such networks.

Analysis of the non-recombining Y chromosome defines polymorphisms in domestic pig breeds: ancestral bases identified by comparative sequencing.

Sequences from 20 amplicons representing nine different loci and 11369bp from the short arm of the pig Y chromosome were compared using pools of DNA from different European and Chinese breeds. A total of 33 polymorphic sites were identified, including five indels and 28 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Three high frequency SNPs within the coding regions of SRY were further analysed across 889 males representing 25 European and 25 Asian breeds or Lines, plus a European Line of Meishan.

Gene circuit analysis of the terminal gap gene huckebein.

The early embryo of Drosophila melanogaster provides a powerful model system to study the role of genes in pattern formation. The gap gene network constitutes the first zygotic regulatory tier in the hierarchy of the segmentation genes involved in specifying the position of body segments. Here, we use an integrative, systems-level approach to investigate the regulatory effect of the terminal gap gene huckebein (hkb) on gap gene expression.

Mapping markers linked to porcine salmonellosis susceptibility.

The goal of this study was to identify pig chromosomal regions associated with susceptibility to salmonellosis. Genomic DNA from pig reference populations with differences in susceptibility to Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis as quantified by spleen and liver bacterial colonization at day 7 post-infection (dpi; Van Diemen et al. 2002) was used.

Genetic diversity analysis using lowly polymorphic dominant markers: the example of AFLP in pigs.

DNA markers are commonly used for large-scale evaluation of genetic diversity in farm animals, as a component of the management of animal genetic resources. AFLP markers are useful for such studies as they can be generated relatively simply; however, challenges in analysis arise from their dominant scoring and the low level of polymorphism of some markers. This paper describes the results obtained with a set of AFLP markers in a study of 59 pig breeds.

Genetic diversity in European pigs utilizing amplified fragment length polymorphism markers.

The use of DNA markers to evaluate genetic diversity is an important component of the management of animal genetic resources. The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) has published a list of recommended microsatellite markers for such studies; however, other markers are potential alternatives. This paper describes results obtained with a set of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers as part of a genetic diversity study of European pig breeds that also utilized microsatellite markers.

Genetic diversity within and between European pig breeds using microsatellite markers.

An important prerequisite for a conservation programme is a comprehensive description of genetic diversity. The aim of this study was to use anonymous genetic markers to assess the between- and the within-population components of genetic diversity for European pig breeds at the scale of the whole continent using microsatellites. Fifty-eight European pig breeds and lines were analysed including local breeds, national varieties of international breeds and commercial lines.

A survey of pre-slaughter conditions, halothane gene frequency, and carcass and meat quality in five Spanish pig commercial abattoirs.

A total of 116 deliveries, comprising 15,695 commercial pigs delivered to five abattoirs, were surveyed during winter and summer. Information about on-farm fasting, transport duration and stocking density, and lairage time was collected. Cortisol, creatine phospho-kinase (CPK), and lactate, and DNA for halothane genotype were analysed in a subsample of pigs at exsanguination in every journey.

Detection of Listeria species and Listeria monocytogenes using polymerase chain reaction.

Five oligonucleotide sequences are described that were used as primers in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify specific sequences from Listeria DNA. When all five primers were used in combination, three PCR products were possible; a Listeria specific product that occurs with DNA from any Listeria sp., a Listeria monocytogenes specific product that occurs only in the presence of DNA from this organism and a universal product that is found using DNA from any bacterial source.

Molecular cloning and characterization of the beta-amylase gene from Bacillus circulans.

A gene encoding the beta-amylase of Bacillus circulans was isolated from a lambda library and sequenced. The structural gene consists of a 1725 bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide with a predicted molecular wt of 62830 Daltons. Two active forms of the enzyme were found when the gene was expressed in E.

Interferon gamma mRNA "superinduction" in human lymphocytes.

Human peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes produce interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) in response to stimulation by mitogens. Previous studies on the kinetics of IFN-gamma mRNA production upon mitogen induction, showed that steady-state levels of mRNA increased to a maximum at 12-24 h post-induction after which they declined to levels not detectable by the assay used. We show here that in mitogen induced peripheral blood lymphocytes, inhibition of protein synthesis using three different inhibitors (cycloheximide, puromycin, pactamycin) resulted in an increase in the steady-state levels of IFN-gamma mRNA.

Role of protein synthesis in induction of interferon-gamma by mitogens in human lymphocytes.

The effect of inhibition of protein synthesis on interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) mRNA induction has been examined in human peripheral blood leukocytes and growing T lymphoblasts. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide or puromycin when lymphocytes were stimulated with mitogen alone had little effect on the steady-state levels of IFN-gamma mRNA induced. Activation of the IFN-gamma gene appears to occur independently of synthesis of protein factors.

Differences in the expression of the human interferon-gamma gene in fresh lymphocytes and cultured lymphoblasts.

Fresh human peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes and lymphoblasts that had been grown for a period in T-cell growth-factor containing medium were stimulated with staphylococcal enterotoxin A plus mezerein to produce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Growing lymphoblasts produced peak levels of IFN-gamma much earlier after induction than fresh lymphocytes. Quantitation of the steady-state levels of IFN-gamma mRNA showed these to differ markedly between the two cell types over a period of time post-induction.