Do certain surgical steps increase postoperative morbidity after cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC- a retrospective analysis.

Introduction: It has been shown that cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in combination with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is an effective treatment for patients suffering from peritoneal malignancies. Despite good results, there is an ongoing debate about this treatment due to perioperative morbidity. The aim of this study is to identify relevant risk factors for an unfavorable postoperative outcome after CRS and HIPEC.

Impact of Alkanediols on Stratum Corneum Lipids and Triamcinolone Acetonide Skin Penetration.

Alkanediols are widely used as multifunctional ingredients in dermal formulations. In addition to their preservative effect, considering their possible impact on drug penetration is also essential for their use. In the present study, the influence of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol and 1,2-octanediol on the skin penetration of triamcinolone acetonide from four different semisolid formulations was investigated.

The effect of alkanediols on the release of triamcinolone acetonide from semisolid dosage forms.

Alkanediols are frequently used as alternative antimicrobial preservatives for dermal formulations. However, these substances can also have an influence on the biopharmaceutical properties of the applied preparations. Therefore, the influence 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol and 1,2-octanediol on the release of triamcinolone acetonide (TAA) from four different commonly used semi-solid vehicles was investigated.

Investigations on Alkanediols as Alternative Preservatives in a Nonionic Hydrophilic Cream.

Alkanediols are often used as alternative antimicrobial preservatives for dermal formulations, e.g., hydrophilic creams.

Publisher Correction: Genetic tool development in marine protists: emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Genetic tool development in marine protists: emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology.

Diverse microbial ecosystems underpin life in the sea. Among these microbes are many unicellular eukaryotes that span the diversity of the eukaryotic tree of life. However, genetic tractability has been limited to a few species, which do not represent eukaryotic diversity or environmentally relevant taxa.

Predicted glycosyltransferases promote development and prevent spurious cell clumping in the choanoflagellate .

In a previous study we established forward genetics in the choanoflagellate and found that a C-type lectin gene is required for rosette development (Levin , 2014). Here we report on critical improvements to genetic screens in while also investigating the genetic basis for rosette defect mutants in which single cells fail to develop into orderly rosettes and instead aggregate promiscuously into amorphous clumps of cells. Two of the mutants, Jumble and Couscous, mapped to lesions in genes encoding two different predicted glycosyltransferases and displayed aberrant glycosylation patterns in the basal extracellular matrix (ECM).

Cilia-Associated Oxysterols Activate Smoothened.

Primary cilia are required for Smoothened to transduce vertebrate Hedgehog signals, but how Smoothened accumulates in cilia and is activated is incompletely understood. Here, we identify cilia-associated oxysterols that promote Smoothened accumulation in cilia and activate the Hedgehog pathway. Our data reveal that cilia-associated oxysterols bind to two distinct Smoothened domains to modulate Smoothened accumulation in cilia and tune the intensity of Hedgehog pathway activation.

Evolutionary Proteomics Uncovers Ancient Associations of Cilia with Signaling Pathways.

Cilia are organelles specialized for movement and signaling. To infer when during evolution signaling pathways became associated with cilia, we characterized the proteomes of cilia from sea urchins, sea anemones, and choanoflagellates. We identified 437 high-confidence ciliary candidate proteins conserved in mammals and discovered that Hedgehog and G-protein-coupled receptor pathways were linked to cilia before the origin of bilateria and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels before the origin of animals.

Ultra-deep sequencing confirms immunohistochemistry as a highly sensitive and specific method for detecting BRAF V600E mutations in colorectal carcinoma.

The activating BRAF (V600) mutation is a well-established negative prognostic biomarker in metastatic colorectal carcinoma (CRC). A recently developed monoclonal mouse antibody (clone VE1) has been shown to detect reliably BRAF (V600E) mutated protein by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In this study, we aimed to compare the detection of BRAF (V600E) mutations by IHC, Sanger sequencing (SaS), and ultra-deep sequencing (UDS) in CRC.

Selective silencing of Na(V)1.7 decreases excitability and conduction in vagal sensory neurons.

There has been much information learned in recent years about voltage gated sodium channel (Na(V)) subtypes in somatosensory pain signalling, but much less is known about the role of specific sodium channel subtypes in the vagal sensory system. In this study, we developed a technique using adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) to directly introduce shRNA against Na(V)1.7 subtype gene into the vagal sensory ganglia of guinea pigs in vivo.

[Sexual medicine cases of treatment--developments 1980 - 1990 - 2004].

Sexual dysfunctions can adversely affect men's and women's satisfaction with life over a prolonged period. Besides sexual medicine services in primary medical care, in Switzerland there exist specialized consultation services at University Hospitals. The assessment of the case histories of three years (1980, 1990, and 2004) of the Sexual Medicine Consultation Service at Zurich University Hospital provided the following results: the most common disorders are lack/loss of libido in women and erectile dysfunction in men.

Endovascular treatment of an intramural aortic haematoma following cardiopulmonary resuscitation for myocardial ischemia with ventricular fibrillation.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation by manual cardiac compression can restore cardiocirculatory function but can also injure patients. Commonly reported are skeletal fractures of the rips and sternum, while injuries to the large thoracic vessels will frequently be lethal. We report the case of a 57-year-old male patient with sudden cardiac arrest because of myocardial ischemia with ventricular fibrillation, successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation, associated with an intramural haematoma (IMH) of the descending thoracic aorta treated by endovascular aortic repair.

Staging of head and neck tumors: [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography compared with physical examination and conventional imaging modalities.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the use of [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the staging of primary and recurrent tumors of the head and neck in comparison to routine clinical methods (physical examination, ultrasonography, computed tomography) and to investigate the effect of FDG-PET scanning on therapeutic strategy.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of the results of FDG-PET and conventional diagnostic modalities were compared with biopsy results or patient outcome or both. In a period of 6 years, 78 FDG-PET studies were performed on 56 patients; 24 of them before therapy and 54 on suspicion of residual or recurrent tumor.

Functional and binding studies of HS3.2 of the beta-globin locus control region.

The distal locus control region (LCR) is required for high-level expression of the complex of genes (HBBC) encoding the beta-like globins of mammals in erythroid cells. Several major DNase hypersensitive sites (HSs 1-5) mark the LCR. Sequence conservation and direct experimental evidence have implicated sequences within and between the HS cores in function of the LCR.

Radiation-induced genetic instability: no association with changes in radiosensitivity or cell cycle checkpoints in C3H 10T1/2 mouse fibroblasts.

We investigated various phenotypic characteristics of radiation-induced morphologically transformed C3H 10T1/2 mouse fibroblasts. The cells were treated with 8 Gy x-rays, and type II/III foci were isolated. Cell lines were developed from these foci, and subsequently clones were established from these focal lines.

Enhanced neoplastic transformation in an inhomogeneous radiation field: an effect of the presence of heavily damaged cells.

In the inhomogeneous radiation field surrounding small beta-particle sources, nonlethally and heavily damaged cells are in proximity, permitting interaction via extracellular signals. This situation is typical of hot particles such as those released during the accident at Chernobyl. Beta-particle-emitting yttrium-90 wires (average energy 934 keV) were employed to investigate radiation-induced neoplastic transformation under these conditions.

A pure beta line source to assess hot particle effects in vitro.

A model system is presented for assessing the biological effects of inhomogeneous irradiation fields resulting from exposure to particulate radioactive matter (hot particles). The resulting harm per unit dose to tissue is qualitatively different from homogeneous irradiation sources because of specific hot particle effects such as wasting of dose to necrotic tissue (overkill) and formation of microlesions leading to growth stimulation in adjacent tissue. In the case of beta-emitters, many of the cells in adjacent tissue receive considerable sublethal doses.

Genome lability in radiation-induced transformants of C3H 10T1/2 mouse fibroblasts.

We have been investigating radiation-induced neoplastic transformants of C3H 10T1/2 mouse fibroblasts for evidence of heritable changes. C3H 10T1/2 cells were treated with 8 Gy X rays. After approximately 8 weeks of culture, type II/III foci were isolated from the monolayer using cloning rings.