Isolation, identification, and biological characterization of bacterial endophytes isolated from Gunnera perpensa L.

In the present study, eleven endophytic bacterial strains, Herbaspirillum sp. (GP-SGM1, GP-SGM2, GP-SGM3, and GP-SGM11), Pseudomonas sp. (GP-SGM4, GP-SGM5), Novosphingobium sp.

Sucrose, maltodextrin and inulin efficacy as cryoprotectant, preservative and prebiotic - towards a freeze dried topical probiotic.

Probiotic formulations must contain the right strain(s) in sufficient numbers when administered to confer the desired health benefit. However, significant cell death can occur during freeze-drying and over storage. This study assesses various saccharides for their ability to protect cells over freeze-drying and storage, as well as their potential to act as prebiotics.

Non-Hydrolyzable Plastics - An Interdisciplinary Look at Plastic Bio-Oxidation.

Enzymatic plastic conversion has emerged recently as a potential adjunct and alternative to conventional plastic waste management technology. Publicity over progress in the enzymatic degradation of polyesters largely neglects that the majority of commercial plastics, including polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride, are still not biodegradable. Details about the mechanisms used by enzymes and an understanding of macromolecular factors influencing these have proved to be vital in developing biodegradation methods for polyesters.

Acclimation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to low temperature: a chemostat-based transcriptome analysis.

Effects of suboptimal temperatures on transcriptional regulation in yeast have been extensively studied in batch cultures. To eliminate indirect effects of specific growth rates that are inherent to batch-cultivation studies, genome-wide transcriptional responses to low temperatures were analyzed in steady-state chemostats, grown at a fixed specific growth rate (0.03 h(-1)).

Transcriptional responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to preferred and nonpreferred nitrogen sources in glucose-limited chemostat cultures.

Aerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown with six different nitrogen sources were subjected to transcriptome analysis. The use of chemostats enabled an analysis of nitrogen-source-dependent transcriptional regulation at a fixed specific growth rate. A selection of preferred (ammonium and asparagine) and nonpreferred (leucine, phenylalanine, methionine and proline) nitrogen sources was investigated.

Correlation between transcript profiles and fitness of deletion mutants in anaerobic chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The applicability of transcriptomics for functional genome analysis rests on the assumption that global information on gene function can be inferred from transcriptional regulation patterns. This study investigated whether Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes that show a consistently higher transcript level under anaerobic than aerobic conditions do indeed contribute to fitness in the absence of oxygen. Tagged deletion mutants were constructed in 27 S.

Control of the glycolytic flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown at low temperature: a multi-level analysis in anaerobic chemostat cultures.

Growth temperature has a profound impact on the kinetic properties of enzymes in microbial metabolic networks. Activities of glycolytic enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae were up to 7.5-fold lower when assayed at 12 degrees C than at 30 degrees C.

A new physiological role for Pdr12p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: export of aromatic and branched-chain organic acids produced in amino acid catabolism.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae can use a broad range of compounds as sole nitrogen source. Many amino acids, such as leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine and methionine, are utilized through the Ehrlich pathway. The fusel acids and alcohols produced from this pathway, along with their derived esters, are important contributors to beer and wine flavor.

Physiological characterization of the ARO10-dependent, broad-substrate-specificity 2-oxo acid decarboxylase activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Aerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CEN.PK113-7D were grown with different nitrogen sources. Cultures grown with phenylalanine, leucine, or methionine as a nitrogen source contained high levels of the corresponding fusel alcohols and organic acids, indicating activity of the Ehrlich pathway.

Two-dimensional transcriptome analysis in chemostat cultures. Combinatorial effects of oxygen availability and macronutrient limitation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Genome-wide analysis of transcriptional regulation is generally studied by determining sets of "signature transcripts" that are up- or down-regulated relative to a reference situation when a single culture parameter or genetic modification is changed. This approach is especially relevant for defining small subsets of transcripts for use in high throughput, cost-effective diagnostic analyses. However, this approach may overlook the simultaneous control of transcription by more than one environmental parameter.

Identification and characterization of phenylpyruvate decarboxylase genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Catabolism of amino acids via the Ehrlich pathway involves transamination to the corresponding alpha-keto acids, followed by decarboxylation to an aldehyde and then reduction to an alcohol. Alternatively, the aldehyde may be oxidized to an acid. This pathway is functional in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, since during growth in glucose-limited chemostat cultures with phenylalanine as the sole nitrogen source, phenylethanol and phenylacetate were produced in quantities that accounted for all of the phenylalanine consumed.