Prevalence of hepatitis C virus co-infection in adults living with HIV in Mexico: a cross-sectional, seroprevalence study in a nationally representative sample.

Background: The proportion of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) co-infected with HCV in Mexico was unknown. Our aim was to estimate the seroprevalence of HCV among adults with HIV in Mexico.

Methods: Using a complex-survey design, we collected blood samples and applied structured questionnaires between May 2nd, 2019 and February 17th, 2020 in a nationally, representative sample of adults receiving care for HIV-infection in 24 randomly selected HIV-care centres in 8 socio-demographically regions in Mexico.

A cascade of care for diabetes in people living with HIV in a tertiary care center in Mexico City.

Background: Diabetes affects 4.5% of people living with HIV in Mexico. This study aims to describe the diabetes cascade of care (DMC) in people with HIV in a tertiary center in Mexico City.

Clinical outcomes and risk factors for immune recovery and all-cause mortality in Latin Americans living with HIV with virological success: a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Immune reconstitution following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is crucial to prevent AIDS and non-AIDS-related comorbidities. Patients with suppressed viraemia who fail to restore cellular immunity are exposed to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality during long-term follow-up, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aim to describe clinical outcomes and factors associated with the worse immune recovery and all-cause mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH) from Latin America following ART initiation.

Adjuvant Topical Interferon Alpha 2b for the Treatment of Monkeypox Ocular Manifestations.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report a case of ocular Mpox that responded favorably to treatment with topical interferon and oral doxycycline.

Methods: This is a case report of a previously healthy 24-year-old woman who developed a pustular rash, headache, fever, arthralgia, sore throat, and asthenia 3 weeks before attending to our clinic. Her main complaint at the moment of the visit was pain, photophobia, foreign body sensation, blurred vision, red eye, and discharge on the left eye.

Development and content validity of EVAD: A novel tool for evaluating and classifying the severity of adverse events for psychotherapeutic clinical trials.

Objective: Develop and obtain content validity of a new tool for Evaluating and Classifying the Severity of Adverse Events for Psychotherapeutic Clinical Trials (EVAD).

Method: Study of the development process of EVAD in four stages: (1) identify the domain and concept definition through a literature review, (2) instrument design, (3) expert judgment of the EVAD items through Gwent's concordance coefficient, and (4) applicability.

Results: In the absence of a consistent conceptual framework of adverse events in psychotherapeutic clinical trials, we have developed a framework and defined it.

Predictors of laboratory-confirmed mpox in people with mpox-like illness.

Objectives: We aimed to identify predictors of confirmed monkeypox (mpox) among people with mpox-like illness and to develop a multivariable model for confirmed mpox.

Methods: We performed an observational study using national epidemiologic surveillance data in Mexico from May to November 2022. People with mpox-like illness were reported to the Mexican Ministry of Health and real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed in clinical samples to confirm mpox.

Incomplete Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Is Associated with Lower CD4-CD8 Ratio in Virally Suppressed Patients with HIV Infection in Mexico.

Suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people with HIV, even during sustained viral suppression, is associated with persistent inflammation, immune activation, and coagulopathy. Persistently low CD4-CD8 Ratio has been also associated with residual inflammation, is a good predictor of increased risk of death and more widely available than inflammatory biomarkers. We tested the hypothesis that the CD4-CD8 Ratio is associated with ART adherence during periods of complete viral suppression.

Gaps in the continuum of care in HIV-positive adults and the need for caution in those returning to care after loss to follow-up.

Loss to follow-up (LTFU) and interruption of antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with worse outcomes in people with HIV (PWH). Little is known about gaps in the continuum of care. We conducted a retrospective cohort study including adult PWH with at least one clinical visit during 2000-2017.

Pyridostigmine reduces mortality of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: A phase 2/3 randomized controlled trial.

Background: Respiratory failure in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a severe inflammatory response. Acetylcholine (ACh) reduces systemic inflammation in experimental bacterial and viral infections. Pyridostigmine increases the half-life of endogenous ACh, potentially reducing systemic inflammation.

Risk factors associated with HCV co-infection amongst MSM and transgender women living with HIV in Mexico City: A case-control study.

Introduction And Objectives: Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) is a major cause of co-morbidity in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). The modes of HCV transmission in the local population of PLWHIV are still unclear. We conducted this study to identify risk factors for HCV transmission amongst PLWHIV in central Mexico.

Late-onset opportunistic infections while receiving anti-retroviral therapy in Latin America: burden and risk factors.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of late-onset opportunistic infections (LOI) in people who live with HIV (PWLHA) within the Caribbean, Central and South America network for HIV epidemiology.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study including treatment-naive PWLHA enrolled at seven sites (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Mexico, and two sites in Honduras). Follow-up began at 6 months after treatment started.

Clinical effects of durability of immunosuppression in virologically suppressed ART-initiating persons with HIV in Latin America. A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Clinical outcomes are rarely studied in virologically suppressed people living with HIV (PWH) and incomplete CD4 recovery. To explore whether time living with severe immunosuppression predict clinical outcomes better than baseline or time updated CD4, we estimated the association between cumulative percentage of time with CD4 <200 cells/μL during viral suppression (VS) (%t), and mortality and comorbidities during 2000-2019.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort analysis, we followed PWH initiating ART in Latin America from first VS (HIV-RNA<200 copies/μL) to death, virological failure or loss to follow-up.

Tuberculosis treatment intermittency in the continuation phase and mortality in HIV-positive persons receiving antiretroviral therapy.

Background: Some tuberculosis (TB) treatment guidelines recommend daily TB treatment in both the intensive and continuation phases of treatment in HIV-positive persons to decrease the risk of relapse and acquired drug resistance. However, guidelines vary across countries, and treatment is given 7, 5, 3, or 2 days/week. The effect of TB treatment intermittency in the continuation phase on mortality in HIV-positive persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART), is not well-described.

Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare personnel working at the largest tertiary COVID-19 referral hospitals in Mexico City.

Introduction: We performed a longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiological study in healthcare personnel of the two largest tertiary COVID-19 referral hospitals in Mexico City.

Methods: All healthcare personnel, including staff physicians, physicians in training, nurses, laboratory technicians, researchers, students, housekeeping, maintenance, security, and administrative staff were invited to voluntarily participate, after written informed consent. Participants answered a computer-assisted self-administered interview and donated blood samples for antibody testing every three weeks from October 2020 to June 2021.

Retention in Care, Mortality, Loss-to-Follow-Up, and Viral Suppression among Antiretroviral Treatment-Naïve and Experienced Persons Participating in a Nationally Representative HIV Pre-Treatment Drug Resistance Survey in Mexico.

We describe associations of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) with clinical outcomes such as remaining in care, loss to follow-up (LTFU), viral suppression, and death in Mexico, in real-life clinical settings. We analyzed clinical outcomes after a two-year follow up period in participants of a large 2017-2018 nationally representative PDR survey cross-referenced with information of the national ministry of health HIV database. Participants were stratified according to prior ART exposure and presence of efavirenz/nevirapine PDR.

Impact of treatment adherence on efficacy of dolutegravir plus lamivudine and dolutegravir plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine: pooled analysis of the GEMINI-1 and GEMINI-2 clinical studies.

GEMINI-1 and GEMINI-2 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02831673 and NCT02831764, respectively) are double-blind, multicenter, phase III studies that demonstrated the non-inferiority of once-daily dolutegravir + lamivudine to dolutegravir + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine in achieving HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL at 48, 96, and 144 weeks in treatment-naive adults with HIV-1 infection. We present a post hoc analysis of the impact of treatment adherence on Week 48 virologic response.

Effect of Tocilizumab in Mortality among Patients with Severe and Critical Covid-19: Experience in a Third-Level Medical Center.

Background: Trials evaluating safety and efficacy of tocilizumab in coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) show contradictory results.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of tocilizumab in hospital mortality among patients with severe COVID-19 in a third-level medical center.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients with severe and critical COVID-19.

Three-year durable efficacy of dolutegravir plus lamivudine in antiretroviral therapy - naive adults with HIV-1 infection.

Objective: To assess efficacy and safety of dolutegravir (DTG) + lamivudine (3TC) vs. DTG + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) in treatment-naive adults with HIV-1 in the prespecified 144-week secondary analyses of GEMINI-1 and GEMINI-2.

Design: Identical, multicenter, phase III, randomized, non-inferiority studies (double-blind through 96 weeks).