Internet-based transdiagnostic treatment for emotional disorders in Arabic- and Farsi-speaking refugees: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Refugee populations have an increased risk for mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorders. Comorbidity is common. At the same time, refugees face multiple barriers to accessing mental health treatment.

Blended-ALMAMAR app for inpatient mental health care for refugees: study protocol for a multicenter implementation study within the I-REACH consortium (Internet based REfugee mentAl healtH Care).

Background: Refugees are at high risk for developing mental illnesses. Due to language and cultural barriers, there is need for specifically adapted therapeutic procedures for refugees in inpatient mental health care settings. Internet-based applications in refugee mother tongues have the potential to improve the outcomes of mental health care for this vulnerable population.

From Maltreatment to Psychiatric Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence: The Relevance of Emotional Maltreatment.

Different forms of maltreatment are thought to incur a cumulative and non-specific toll on mental health. However, few large-scale studies draw on psychiatric diagnoses manifesting in early childhood and adolescence to identify sequelae of differential maltreatment exposures, and emotional maltreatment, in particular. Fine-grained multi-source dimensional maltreatment assessments and validated age-appropriate clinical interviews were conducted in a sample of = 778 3 to 16-year-olds.

Pediatric Medical Traumatic Stress (PMTS) following Surgery in Childhood and Adolescence: a Systematic Review.

Unlabelled: The purpose of the present review was to systematically review, synthesize and quantify prevalence rates of subclinical and clinical psychological symptoms in children and adolescents who have undergone surgery. Systematic literature searches were conducted twofold in April 8, 2020 and March 7, 2021 in PsycInfo and PubMed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Manuscripts were screened against eligibility criteria and were included if they investigated psychological symptoms in children or adolescents (age between 1 to 21 years at the time of study) who were hospitalized for pediatric surgery.

Endocannabinoid concentrations in hair and mental health of unaccompanied refugee minors.

Altered activity of the endocannabinoid (EC) system has been linked to dysregulated stress-reactivity and the development of trauma-related psychopathology. The EC system, with its main components anandamide (AEA), 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG) and other N-acyl-ethanolamides, is considered to be a buffer system that protects against the negative effects of traumatic experiences on mental health. Recently, the use of hair analyses, a method to gain information on long-term cumulative system activity, has been introduced to the study of ECs.

Childhood Emotional and Conduct Problems in Childhood and Adolescence Differentially Associated with Intergenerational Maltreatment Continuity and Parental Internalizing Symptoms.

Caregivers' own childhood maltreatment experiences potentiate the risk for psychopathology and perpetration of maltreatment against one's children. In turn, both of these factors may negatively impact children's mental health. The nature of these intergenerational patterns of maltreatment may vary as a function of type of child outcome and may also be influenced by child age and sample characteristics (i.

Hair cortisol, lifetime traumatic experiences and psychopathology in unaccompanied refugee minors.

Attenuated cortisol secretion has been linked to traumatic experiences and the developmental psychopathology. Unaccompanied refugee minors (URM) form a highly vulnerable group in this context, usually exposed to multiple and severe traumatic experiences and characterized by a high, comorbid symptom-load. Here, we provide a first investigation in URM seeking to elucidate associations between long-term cortisol output, assessed through hair cortisol concentrations (HCC), lifetime traumatic events and psychological symptoms.

Alone, but protected? Effects of social support on mental health of unaccompanied refugee minors.

Unaccompanied refugee minors (URM) are the most vulnerable group of refugees suffering from higher levels of mental health problems. Yet, there is also a group of URM with little or no symptoms or disorders. A major predictor for positive mental health outcomes is the social support network in the post-flight period which has rarely been investigated for the group of URM.

[Mental Health Problems of Unaccompanied Young Refugees in Youth Welfare Institutions].

Objective: Within the present study we investigated prevalence rates of psychological symptoms in underage and full-age unaccompanied refugees in youth welfare institutions.

Methods: Sociodemographic characteristics and mental health problems in the areas of emotion and behavior were assessed using screening data from both self-reports and caregiver reports of 105 youths.

Results: Symptoms of depression (42 %), behavior (35 %) and posttraumatic stress (32 %) were most frequently reported.

Getting less than their fair share: Maltreated youth are hyper-cooperative yet vulnerable to exploitation in a public goods game.

Human cooperative behavior has long been thought to decline under adversity. However, studies have primarily examined perceived patterns of cooperation, with little eye to actual cooperative behavior embedded within social interaction. Game-theoretical paradigms can help close this gap by unpacking subtle differences in how cooperation unfolds during initial encounters.

Assessing psychological and physical abuse from children's perspective: Factor structure and psychometric properties of the picture-based, modularized child-report version of the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale - Revised (CTSPC-R).

Child victims' reports of psychological and physical abuse by caregivers are a fundamental source of information beyond official records and caregiver reports. However, few or no sensitive and age-appropriate child-report instruments exist that have undergone in-depth validity and reliability testing across a broad age-range. Our study addresses this gap by examining psychometric properties of a picture-based, modularized version of the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale (CTSPC-R), encompassing the maltreatment subtypes of psychological and physical abuse.

[Factors Influencing Theory of Mind Development in Preschoolers within the Context of Early Interventions].

Factors Influencing Theory of Mind Development in Preschoolers within the Context of Early Interventions The Theory of Mind (ToM) competency is closely related to the child's cognitive, language, and socio-emotional development. In early interventions, skills and developmental processes associated with ToM development are often primary intervention targets, but empirical support for direct or indirect influences of early interventions on ToM development is missing so far. Within the home visiting program "Pro Kind" N = 755 families were accompanied by professionals from the last trimester of pregnancy until the child's second birthday.

Follow-up study regarding the medium-term effectiveness of the home-visiting program "Pro Kind" at age 7 years: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Pro Kind is a German adaptation of the US Nurse Family Partnership program. It is an intervention based on home visits targeting first-time mothers from disadvantaged populations. Pro Kind was implemented as a randomized control trial from 2006 to 2012 with N = 755 first-time mothers (TG n = 394, CG n = 391).

Latent trajectories of internalizing symptoms from preschool to school age: A multi-informant study in a high-risk sample.

Recent proposals suggest early adversity sets in motion particularly chronic and neurobiologically distinct trajectories of internalizing symptoms. However, few prospective studies in high-risk samples delineate distinct trajectories of internalizing symptoms from preschool age onward. We examined trajectories in a high-risk cohort, oversampled for internalizing symptoms, several preschool risk/maintenance factors, and school-age outcomes.

[Trauma First - an Outpatient, Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention for Children and Adolescents With Trauma-Related Disorders: a Pilot Study].

Trauma First - an Outpatient, Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention for Children and Adolescents With Trauma-Related Disorders: a Pilot Study Although traumatic experiences are one of the most important causes for psychiatric disorders in childhood and adulthood, trauma-specific intervention approaches are rarely applied in German outpatient clinics. The aim of the present pilot study was to evaluate a manualized, outpatient, cognitive-behavioural intervention programme ("Trauma First") for children and youths with trauma and stress-related disorders. We hypothesized that there would be specific improvements in PTSD symptoms as well as in depression, anxiety, and behavioural problems following the structured intervention programme.

Like mother like daughter, like father like son? Intergenerational transmission of internalizing symptoms at early school age: a longitudinal study.

Despite the well-established link between parental depressive symptoms and children's internalizing symptoms, studies that divide transmission into gender-specific components remain scarce. Therefore, the present study focused on gender-specific associations between internalizing symptoms of parents and children over the course of early school age, a key stage where gender-specific roles are increasingly adopted. Participants were 272 children (49.

Commentary: The importance of exploring dose-dependent, subtype-specific, and age-related effects of maltreatment on the HPA axis and the mediating link to psychopathology. A response to Fisher (2017).

We greatly appreciate Dr. Fisher's commentary that provides an excellent backdrop and well-considered perspective on our findings. We agree that our results mesh well with previous work documenting hypocortisolism among youth who experienced early adversity, especially neglect.

Reduced hair cortisol after maltreatment mediates externalizing symptoms in middle childhood and adolescence.

Background: The enduring impact of childhood maltreatment on biological systems and ensuing psychopathology remains incompletely understood. Long-term effects of stress may be reflected in cumulative cortisol secretion over several months, which is now quantifiable via hair cortisol concentrations (HCC). We conducted a first comprehensive investigation utilizing the potential of hair cortisol analysis in a large sample of maltreated and nonmaltreated children and adolescents.

A Multisource Approach to Assessing Child Maltreatment From Records, Caregivers, and Children.

Practitioners and researchers alike face the challenge that different sources report inconsistent information regarding child maltreatment. The present study capitalizes on concordance and discordance between different sources and probes applicability of a multisource approach to data from three perspectives on maltreatment-Child Protection Services (CPS) records, caregivers, and children. The sample comprised 686 participants in early childhood (3- to 8-year-olds; n = 275) or late childhood/adolescence (9- to 16-year-olds; n = 411), 161 from two CPS sites and 525 from the community oversampled for psychosocial risk.

The Pizzagame: A virtual public goods game to assess cooperative behavior in children and adolescents.

Social dilemmas are characterized by conflicts between immediate self-interest and long-term collective goals. Although such conflicts lie at the heart of various challenging social interactions, we know little about how cooperation in these situations develops. To extend work on social dilemmas to child and adolescent samples, we developed an age-appropriate computer task (the Pizzagame) with the structural features of a public goods game (PGG).

Insatiable insecurity: maternal obesity as a risk factor for mother-child attachment and child weight.

Childhood obesity has become a rising health problem, and because parental obesity is a basic risk factor for childhood obesity, biological factors have been especially considered in the complex etiology. Aspects of the family interaction, e.g.

Effects of Home Visitation on Maternal Competencies, Family Environment, and Child Development: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Based on the US Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP) program, the German home visiting program "Pro Kind" offered support for socially and financially disadvantaged first-time mothers from pregnancy until the children's second birthday. A multi-centered, longitudinal randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to assess its effectiveness on mothers and children. A total of 755 women with multiple risk factors were recruited, 394 received regular home visits (treatment group), while 361 only had access to standard community services (control group).

Analyzing pathways from childhood maltreatment to internalizing symptoms and disorders in children and adolescents (AMIS): a study protocol.

Background: Effective interventions for maltreated children are impeded by gaps in our knowledge of the etiopathogenic mechanisms leading from maltreatment to mental disorders. Although some studies have already identified individual risk factors, there is a lack of large-scale multilevel research on how psychosocial, neurobiological, and genetic factors act in concert to modulate risk of internalizing psychopathology in childhood following maltreatment. To help close this gap, we aim to delineate gender-specific pathways from maltreatment to psychological disorder/resilience.

Parental involvement in home visiting: Interpersonal predictors and correlates.

Parents' commitment to and usage of early intervention are key variables in understanding discrepancies in families' susceptibility to these services. Although the important role of fathers in infant development is widely recognized, early interpersonal predictors of paternal involvement in home-visiting programs have been understudied. This article aims to fill this gap by regressing parents' postnatal involvement on prenatal partnership satisfaction and quality of the helping relationship in a sample of 124 socially and financially disadvantaged families.