Patients' and Therapists' Experiences of Standardized Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Needs for a Personalized Approach.

Personalizing psychotherapy can be challenging within standardized group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), in which sessions are structured according to a protocol and must accommodate the needs and preferences of multiple patients. In the current study, we aimed to examine patients' and therapists' experiences of standardized group CBT and identify their perceptions of different patient needs. Furthermore, we explored how these needs can inform possible content of add-on interventions for patients who are not improving as expected during group CBT.

Psychotherapy for patients with schizotypal personality disorder: A scoping review.

Background: Treatment of schizotypal personality disorder is complex. Currently, there are no clear evidence-based recommendations for use of psychotherapy for individuals suffering from this mental illness, and studies are sparse. Our aim in this review is to map and describe the existing research and to answer the research question: What do we know about the use of psychotherapy for people with schizotypal personality disorder?

Methods: We conducted a scoping review using systematic searches in the Embase, MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases.

Combining diabetes and mental health care: An ethnographic exploration of user involvement in combined care.

Purpose: To explore and describe the enactment of user involvement and combined care in a Danish clinic that aimed at providing integrated diabetes and mental health care.

Design: An ethnographic study.

Data Sources And Methods: Data consisted of field notes from 96 hours of participant observations and field notes from 32 informal conversations with healthcare providers, users and relatives as well as 12 semistructured interviews with users.

Schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes: Perceptions and understandings of illness management in everyday life.

People with schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes face complex challenges in daily life and the management of both illnesses is burdensome. This qualitative interview study aimed to explore perceptions and understandings of the day-to-day management of schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted between January 2020 and October 2021 in the participants' respective mental health clinics, in their homes or by phone.

User accounts on received diabetes and mental health care in a Danish setting - An interview study.

People with coexisting type 1 and 2 diabetes and mental illness have a higher mortality rate compared to the general population, among other reasons due to unregulated diabetes. One explanation might be the complexity of managing both conditions. In this interview study, we explored the accounts of delivered diabetes and mental health care of 16 individuals living with coexisting diabetes and mental illness in Denmark.

Patient-reported outcome measures in depression.

Aim: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly important as a mean for quality assurance. Feasible estimates of recovery can be achieved through the application of Jacobson plots, which is a simple demonstration of the outcome of each case, recommended for clinical use. We applied this approach with PROMs collected regarding group psychotherapy in a mental health service (MHS) setting.

[Transdiagnostic cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety disorders].

Evidence-based diagnosis specific cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) protocols for anxiety disorders, currently recommended in national clinical guidelines, have shortcomings in relation to the application of group therapy in the mental health service. Transdiagnostic CBT is theory-driven, targeting common personality traits and emotion-driven behaviour observed in all of the anxiety disorders. This review recapitulates the theory and the evidence base.

Transdiagnostic versus Diagnosis-Specific Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders and Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP) delivered in a group format could facilitate the implementation of evidence-based psychological treatments.

Objective: This study compared the efficacy of group UP and diagnosis-specific cognitive behavioral therapy (dCBT) for anxiety and depression in outpatient mental health services.

Methods: In this pragmatic, multi-center, single-blinded, non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial (RCT), we assigned 291 patients with major depressive disorder, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, or agoraphobia to 14 weekly sessions in mixed-diagnosis UP or single-diagnosis dCBT groups.

E-Library of Authentic Patient Videos Improves Medical Students' Mental Status Examination.

Objective: During psychiatric rotation, clerkship students must learn the clinical skill of recording an accurate Mental Status Examination (MSE). The authors built a video e-library consisting of 23 authentic patient videos that were accessible on a secure website during the rotation period, aimed at assisting students' acquisition of MSE skills.

Methods: The authors conducted a prospective case comparison study investigating the impact of the video e-library as "add-on" intervention, on acquisition of MSE skills, as measured by a test consisting of three videos with adjoining forced choice questionnaires.

Approaching patients with hyperreflectivity and perplexity: an empirical qualitative investigation.

Objective: Perplexity and hyperreflectivity are considered important aspects of self-disorders in patients with schizophrenia, yet knowledge of the appropriate psychotherapy for these patients is sparse. We aimed to explore how phenomenological psychologists or psychiatrists described their approach to these patients and their own emotional response when hyperreflectivity and perplexity emerged in therapy or consultations.

Methods: Four e-mail interviews with experienced clinical researchers within the field of phenomenology and schizophrenia were examined using a double hermeneutic qualitative analysis.

"Caught Between a Rock and a Hard Place"-Between Discourses of Empowerment and Solicitude: Danish Public Sector Service Professionals' Discourses of Nonattendance.

Nonattendance constitutes a profound challenge in public sector services targeting young adults with mental health difficulties. Therefore, researchers and practitioners are occupied with trying to resolve this. For clinicians to be aware of their own naturalized and perhaps inappropriate communicative practices, we investigated the established normative organizational logics behind explanations and strategies related to nonattendance.

Prevalence of delirium among patients at a cancer ward: Clinical risk factors and prediction by bedside cognitive tests.

Background Delirium is a frequent psychiatric complication to cancer, but rarely recognized by oncologists. Aims 1. To estimate the prevalence of delirium among inpatients admitted at an oncological cancer ward 2.

[Constructive learning theories and clinical apprenticeship].

The article introduces how constructive learning theories as Constructive Alignment, Situated Learning and Cognitive Apprenticeship can explain learning during medical students' clinical placements and points out why Cognitive Apprenticeship can be particularly applicable in clinical psychiatry. This results in a discussion of the time frame, the organization of the placement in psychiatry at University of Copenhagen.

Shift-invariant multilinear decomposition of neuroimaging data.

We present an algorithm for multilinear decomposition that allows for arbitrary shifts along one modality. The method is applied to neural activity arranged in the three modalities space, time, and trial. Thus, the algorithm models neural activity as a linear superposition of components with a fixed time course that may vary across either trials or space in its overall intensity and latency.

Behavioral response to novelty correlates with dopamine receptor availability in striatum of Göttingen minipigs.

Behavioral response to novelty in rats has been linked both to dopamine transmission in the ventral striatum, and to propensity to self-administer psychostimulant drugs. In order to probe the relationship between behavioral response to novelty and dopamine systems we have developed a behavioral model for correlation with positron emission tomography (PET) of dopamine transmission in brain of Göttingen minipigs. In the present study, we measured exploration of a novel object by recording the number of contacts, and duration of contact with a novel object, in groups of six male and six female adult minipigs.

Mapping the amphetamine-evoked dopamine release in the brain of the Göttingen minipig.

The availability of dopamine D(2/3) binding sites in brain of six male and six female Göttingen minipigs was measured in a baseline condition and after challenge with amphetamine sulfate (1mg/kg, i.v.) in PET studies with [(11)C]raclopride.

Pre-pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle eye-blink in the Göttingen minipig.

Pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response is a measure of sensorimotor gating which has been frequently shown to be deficient in schizophrenic patients. In humans it is typically measured as the attenuation of the startle eye-blink reflex EMG when a startle eliciting noise is preceded by a weak white noise pre-pulse (PP), the interval between the PP and the startle noise stimulus (SNS) determining the degree of inhibition. Aiming at developing a new animal model of schizophrenia, we have investigated the acoustic startle eye-blink and PPI in 10 Göttingen minipigs.

Minipig negative slow wave demonstrates target/nontarget differences in P300 paradigm.

The negative slow wave (NSW) is a late component of the event-related potential (ERP) in man modulated like the P300 by the stimulus, the task, and the response demand. Aiming at the development of a minipig model of schizophrenia, we investigated scalp ERPs in an auditory P300 paradigm in six Göttingen minipigs. Before training, we observed no difference between target and nontarget NSW.