Correction: Subclinical hypothyroidism.

In Azim S, Nasr C, "Subclinical hypothyroidism: When to treat," Cleve Clin J Med 2019; 86(2):101-110, on page 103, in the section "Subclinical hypothyroidism can resolve or progress," the sentence "The rate of progression to overt hypothyroidism is estimated to be 33% to 35% over 10 to 20 years of follow-up" contained an error. The correct rate of progression is 33% to 55%. This error has been corrected online.

Subclinical hypothyroidism: When to treat.

Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined by an elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level along with a normal free thyroxine (T) level. Whether it should be treated remains controversial. Currently, the best practical approach is to base treatment decisions on the degree of TSH elevation, thyroid autoimmunity, and associated comorbidities.

Bariatric Surgery: Pathophysiology and Outcomes.

Diabetes mellitus and obesity are closely interrelated and pose a major burden on health care in terms of morbidity and mortality. Weight loss has favorable metabolic benefits for glycemic control and improvement of metabolic syndrome. Bariatric surgery (BS) is the most effective treatment for weight loss with durable results as compared to lifestyle modification.

Evaluating cardiovascular safety of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) complications such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and CV-associated mortality. Strict glycemic control in diabetics has shown improvement in microvascular complications related to diabetes but has been unable to demonstrate major effects on macrovascular complications including myocardial infarction and stroke. Conventional therapies for diabetes that include insulin, metformin, sulfonylureas (SU), and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors have limited and/or controversial data on CV safety based on observational studies not designed or powered to assess CV safety of these medications.

Successful management of invasive aspergillosis with voriconazole and amphoteracin B therapy in a patient with acute mycloid leukemia (AML-M2).

An eleven-year-old boy presented with one month's history of fever and weight loss. He was diagnosed with Acute Mycloid Leukemia (AML-M2). During treatment he developed recurrent infections with neutropenia requiring prolonged antibiotics and subsequently developed invasive aspergillosis.

Patient perception versus medical record entry of health-related conditions among patients with heart failure.

A shared understanding of medical conditions between patients and their health care providers may improve self-care and outcomes. In this study, the concordance between responses to a medical history self-report (MHSR) form and the corresponding provider documentation in electronic health records (EHRs) of 19 select co-morbidities and habits in 230 patients with heart failure were evaluated. Overall concordance was assessed using the κ statistic, and crude, positive, and negative agreement were determined for each condition.

Knowledge and awareness about cervical cancer and its prevention amongst interns and nursing staff in Tertiary Care Hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan.

Background And Objective: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality amongst the gynecological cancers worldwide, especially in developing countries. It is imperative for at least health professionals in developing countries like Pakistan to have a sound knowledge about the disease. This study was carried out to assess the knowledge and awareness about cervical cancer and its prevention amongst health professionals in tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan.