Structural and magnetic phase transitions in EuLaFe(BO) (x = 0, 0.18).

The crystal structures and hyperfine magnetic parameters of EuFe(BO) and mixed EuLaFe(BO) were studied over a wide temperature range in order to analyze correlations of the structural and magnetic features and the phase transitions in multiferroic compounds of the rare-earth iron borate family. The chemical compositions of the crystals are reported from X-ray fluorescence analysis. The crystal structures of EuFe(BO) and EuLaFe(BO) were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction in the temperature range 25-500 K.

Bone mineral density parameters and related nutritional factors in vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and omnivores: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The growing prevalence of vegetarianism determines the need for comprehensive study of the impact of these diets on health and particularly on bone metabolism. We hypothesized that significant dietary differences between vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and omnivores also cause significant differences in their nutrient status, which may affect bone health.

Methods: The study assessed dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry parameters in lumbar spine and femoral neck, average nutrient intake, serum nutrient concentrations, serum PTH levels, and urinary pH among 46 vegans, 38 lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and 44 omnivores.

Microscopy Image Dataset for Deep Learning-Based Quantitative Assessment of Pulmonary Vascular Changes.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a syndrome complex that accompanies a number of diseases of different etiologies, associated with basic mechanisms of structural and functional changes of the pulmonary circulation vessels and revealed pressure increasing in the pulmonary artery. The structural changes in the pulmonary circulation vessels are the main limiting factor determining the prognosis of patients with PH. Thickening and irreversible deposition of collagen in the pulmonary artery branches walls leads to rapid disease progression and a therapy effectiveness decreasing.

The Use of Microencapsulated Autologous Thrombi for Modelling Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats.

Here we developed a model of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) using repeated intravenous administration of microencapsulated thrombi with a controlled rate of biodegradation. Autologous thrombi encapsulated in alginate microspheres with a diameter of 190±48 μm were intravenously injected to rats 8 times every 4 days. In the comparison group, nonmodified thrombi were injected.

[Bone mineral density in vegetarians and vegans].

The number of vegetarians and vegans is increasing each year. In this regard, studies of the quality of diets that exclude slaughter foods, as well as their impact on human health, are becoming more and more relevant. The main of the study was to assess the bone mineral density (BMD) in Russian vegetarians and vegans, as well as in omnivores.

A comprehensive health effects assessment of the use of sanitizers and disinfectants during COVID-19 pandemic: a global survey.

COVID-19 has affected all aspects of human life so far. From the outset of the pandemic, preventing the spread of COVID-19 through the observance of health protocols, especially the use of sanitizers and disinfectants was given more attention. Despite the effectiveness of disinfection chemicals in controlling and preventing COVID-19, there are critical concerns about their adverse effects on human health.

The Role of Different Types of microRNA in the Pathogenesis of Breast and Prostate Cancer.

Micro ribonucleic acids (microRNAs or miRNAs) form a distinct subtype of non-coding RNA and are widely recognized as one of the most significant gene expression regulators in mammalian cells. Mechanistically, the regulation occurs through microRNA binding with its response elements in the 3'-untranslated region of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), resulting in the post-transcriptional silencing of genes, expressing target mRNAs. Compared to small interfering RNAs, microRNAs have more complex regulatory patterns, making them suitable for fine-tuning gene expressions in different tissues.

The Role of Chloroviruses as Possible Infectious Agents for Human Health: Putative Mechanisms of ATCV-1 Infection and Potential Routes of Transmission.

The genus of the family includes large viruses with a double-stranded DNA genome. Chloroviruses are widely distributed in freshwater bodies around the world and have been isolated from freshwater sources in Europe, Asia, Australia, and North and South America. One representative of chloroviruses is Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 (ATCV-1), which is hosted by .

Molecular Mechanisms of Scombroid Food Poisoning.

Scombroid food poisoning (SFP) is a foodborne disease that develops after consumption of fresh fish and, rarely, seafood that has fine organoleptic characteristics but contains a large amount of exogenous histamine. SFP, like other food pseudo-allergic reactions (FPA), is a disorder that is clinically identical to allergic reactions type I, but there are many differences in their pathogenesis. To date, SFP has been widespread throughout the world and is an urgent problem, although exact epidemiological data on incidence varies greatly.

Inhibition of JAK1,2 Prevents Fibrotic Remodeling of Pulmonary Vascular Bed and Improves Outcomes in the Rat Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare complication of acute pulmonary embolism with poor clinical outcomes. Therapeutic approaches to prevention of fibrotic remodeling of the pulmonary vascular bed in CTEPH are limited. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that Janus kinase 1/2 (JAK1/2) inhibition with ruxolitinib might prevent and attenuate CTEPH in a rat model.

Investigation of the Initial Corrosion Destruction of a Metal Matrix around Different Non-Metallic Inclusions on Surfaces of Pipeline Steels.

Typical non-metallic inclusions in two industrial low-carbon steels for oil pipelines were investigated as three-dimensional objects on film filters after electrolytic extraction and filtration of metal samples. A method of soft chemical extraction using a 10%AA electrolyte was used to study the initial corrosion process in the steel matrix surrounding various non-metallic inclusions. To determine and compare "corrosive" inclusions and their influence on the initial stages of corrosion of the adjacent layer of the steel matrix, quantitative parameters (such as the diameter of the corrosion crater () and pit (), and the relative dissolution coefficient of the metal matrix () around various inclusions) were determined after chemical extraction.

Molecular Mechanisms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

Food hypersensitivity is a group of diseases arising from a specific immune response that reproduces on exposure to a given food. The current understanding of molecular mechanisms and immunopathology of non-IgE-mediated/mixed food hypersensitivity, e.g.

The influence of vegetarian and vegan diets on the state of bone mineral density in humans.

There are so many literatures about vegetarians being less prone to chronic, noninfectious diseases, which are, however, the main cause of the decline in quality of life and mortality in developed countries.However, according to various scientific sources, vegetarian and especially vegan diets often contain less saturated fats, protein, calcium, vitamins D and B12, or long-chain ω-3 PUFAs. One of the most common pathology associated with a predominantly plant diet is osteopenia and osteoporosis.

X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy Features of Micro- and Nanoscale Copper and Nickel Particle Compositions.

The study is devoted to X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) features of micro- and nanosized powder mixtures of copper and nickel. XRF is a high accuracy method that allows for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. However, the XRF measurement error due to the size of the studied particles is not usually taken into account, which limits the use of the method in some cases, such as analysis of Ni-Cu mixtures and coatings.

Comparison of concentrations of toxic elements in the hair of first-year students of RUDN University from different regions of the world: a cross-sectional study.

Due to the development of the metallurgical and energy industries and the operation of incinerators, more and more environmental pollution is occurring. Toxic elements accumulate in the biosphere and affect the state of the population of the regions of large-scale production or the disposal of industrial waste. The main goal of this study was to compare the toxic elements hair composition in people from different regions of the world.

Metal Nanoparticles Formation from Nickel Hydroxide.

In this study, the mechanism of nickel nanoparticle formation from its hydroxide was analyzed. Metallic nickel nanoparticles were obtained through the hydroxide's reduction under hydrogen. Nickel hydroxides were produced from nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate and NaOH by deposition under various initial conditions.

Reporting of New tick-borne encephalitis virus strains isolated in Eastern Siberia (Russia) in 1960-2011 and explaining them in an evolutionary context using Bayesian phylogenetic inference.

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is one of the main tick-borne viral pathogens of humans. Infection may induce signs of meningitis, encephalitis, paralysis and high fever. TBEV is well studied by molecular phylogenetic methods.

"886-84-like" tick-borne encephalitis virus strains: Intraspecific status elucidated by comparative genomics.

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) can cause severe meningitis, encephalitis, and meningoencephalitis. TBEV represents a pathogen of high zoonotic potential and an emerging global threat. There are three known subtypes of TBEV: Far-Eastern, Siberian and European.

Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Vibrio cholerae El Tor Strain Isolated in the Imported Cholera Focus in Siberia.

The draft genome sequence of Vibrio cholerae O1 strain I-1263, isolated from a patient in the imported focus in Siberia, was determined. The established structural features of the mobile genetic elements indicate stage-by-stage formation of a highly pathogenic V. cholerae clone and promote understanding of the mechanisms of evolutionary pathogen transformations.

Molecular identification and phylogeny of Dermacentor nuttalli (Acari: Ixodidae).

Dermacentor nuttalli is an epidemiologically important tick in Palearctic Asia which transmits several infectious diseases including tularemia, North Asian tick-borne rickettsiosis, Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis. The genetic specificity and phylogeny of D. nuttalli from four geographic localities in Eastern Siberia were characterized using the mitochondrial (mt) 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2).

[Polytypic strains in the genofund of tick-borne encephalitis virus].

Eighteen polytypic tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) strains containing the fragments of E and NS1 protein genes of Siberian and Far Eastern, occasionally Siberian and European subtypes were isolated in the European and Asian parts of the tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) area. They were identified using real-time polymerase chain reaction, hybridization-fluorescence detection with genotype-specific probes, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and E protein sequencing. The polytypic strains were isolated from individual Ixodes persulcatus ticks, their pools, from the blood of patients and the brain of dead patients.

Pancreatic β-cells depend on basal expression of active ATF6α-p50 for cell survival even under nonstress conditions.

Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) is one of three principle endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response proteins and becomes activated when ER homeostasis is perturbed. ATF6 functions to increase ER capacity by stimulating transcription of ER-resident chaperone genes such as GRP78. Using an antibody that recognizes active ATF6α-p50, we found that active ATF6α was detected in insulinoma cells and rodent islets even under basal conditions and the levels were further increased by ER stress.

Mitochondrial dysfunction precedes other sub-cellular abnormalities in an in vitro model linked with cell death in Parkinson's disease.

Dysfunction of mitochondria, the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), and lysosomes are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). If it were possible to rescue functionally compromised, but still viable neurons early in the disease process, this would slow the rate of neurodegeneration. Here, we used a catecholaminergic neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) as a model of susceptible neurons in PD.