Coil embolization alone appears sufficient for middle meningeal artery embolization.

Background: Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) has shown promise as an alternative treatment for chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH); however, the most effective procedural technique is debated. We sought to assess the safety and efficacy of coil embolization as a stand-alone technique for MMAE in cSDH.

Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis was performed of patients who underwent MMAE for chronic SDH with coil embolization alone.

Multi-Center Validation of the McGovern Pediatric Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury Screening Score.

Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) is defined as blunt trauma to the head and neck leading to damage to the vertebral and/or carotid arteries; debate exists regarding which children are considered at high risk for BCVI and in need of angiographic/vessel imaging. We previously proposed a screening tool, the McGovern score, to identify pediatric trauma patients at high risk for BCVI, and we aim to validate the McGovern score by pooling data from multiple pediatric trauma centers. This is a multi-center, hospital-based, cohort study from all prospectively registered pediatric (<16 years of age) trauma patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) between 2003 and 2017 at six Level 1 pediatric trauma centers.

Evaluation of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Lead Biomechanical Interaction with Brain Tissue.

The current study aims to examine the effect of material properties on implanted leads used for deep brain stimulation (DBS) using finite element (FE) analysis to investigate brain deformation around an implanted DBS lead in response to daily head accelerations. FE analysis was used to characterize the relative motion of the DBS lead in a suite of fifteen cases sampled from a previously derived kinematic envelope representative of everyday activities describing translational and rotational pulse shape, magnitude, and duration. Load curves were applied to the atlas-based brain model (ABM) with a scaled Haversine acceleration pulse in four directions of rotation: + X, - Y, + Y, and + Z.

The prefrontal cortex and the caudate nucleus respond conjointly to methylphenidate (Ritalin). Concomitant behavioral and neuronal recording study.

Methylphenidate (MPD) is commonly used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Recently, it is being abused for cognitive enhancement and recreation leading to concerns regarding its addictive potential. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) and caudate nucleus (CN) are two of the brain structures involved in the motive/reward circuit most affected by MPD and are also thought to be responsible for ADHD phenomena.

Pyroglutamic Acidemia: An Underrecognized and Underdiagnosed Cause of High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis - A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Pyroglutamic acidemia (oxoprolinemia) is an underrecognized cause of high anion gap acidosis resulting from derangement in the gamma-glutamyl cycle. Pyroglutamic acidemia is most commonly diagnosed in the pediatric population in patients with inherited autosomal recessive enzyme deficiencies. However, acquired pyroglutamic acidemia can present in the adult population.

Concomitant behavioral and prefrontal cortex neuronal responses following acute and chronic methylphenidate exposure in adolescent and adult rats.

There is growing concern that the psychostimulant Methylphenidate (MPD) is being abused for cognitive enhancement and recreation by healthy adults and adolescents seeking to improve their work or academic performance. This study concomitantly recorded the behavioral and prefrontal cortex (PFC) neuronal activity in freely behaving animals exposed to acute and chronic MPD doses (0.6, 2.

Pediatric blunt cerebrovascular injury: the McGovern screening score.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) at a busy Level 1 trauma center and to develop a tool for accurately predicting pediatric BCVI and the need for diagnostic testing. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study of a prospectively collected database of pediatric patients who had sustained blunt trauma (patient age range 0-15 years) and were treated at a Level 1 trauma center between 2005 and 2015. Digital subtraction angiography, MR angiography, or CT angiography was used to confirm BCVI.

Concomitant behavioral and PFC neuronal activity recorded following dose-response protocol of MPD in adult male rats.

The use of methylphenidate (MPD), a commonly prescribed drug to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), has steadily increased over the past 25 years. This trend has been accompanied by more MPD abuse by ordinary individuals for its cognitive enhancing effects. Therefore, understanding the effects of MPD on the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a brain area involved in higher cortical processing such as executive function, language, planning, and attention regulation, is of particular importance.

D1 and D2 specific dopamine antagonist modulate the caudate nucleus neuronal responses to chronic methylphenidate exposure.

The psychostimulant, methylphenidate (MPD), is the first line treatment as a pharmacotherapy to treat behavioral disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). MPD is commonly misused in non-ADHD (normal) youth and young adults both as a recreational drug and for cognitive enhancing effects to improve their grades. MPD is known to act on the reward circuit; including the caudate nucleus (CN).