Clinicopathological Study of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology in Odisha.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is emerging as a serious health problem in Odisha, India. A new form of severe CKD affecting adults, not due to traditional risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, has been reported in Sri Lanka, Central America, and Egypt in the last two decades. This has been named CKD of unknown origin (CKDu), and it is fatal due to late recognition and rapid disease progression.

Prescribing Patterns and Response to Antihyperglycemic Agents Among Novel Clusters of Type 2 Diabetes in Asian Indians.

To assess the prescribing patterns and response to different classes of antihyperglycemic agents in novel clusters of type 2 diabetes (T2D) described in India. We attempted to replicate the earlier described clusters of T2D, in 32,867 individuals with new-onset T2D (within 2 years of diagnosis) registered between October 2013 and December 2020 at 15 diabetes clinics located across India, by means of k-means clustering utilizing 6 clinically relevant variables. Individuals who had follow-up glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) up to 2 years were included for the drug response analysis ( = 13,247).

Comparison of Fetomaternal Outcomes in Patients With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Treated With Insulin Versus Acarbose: Results of a Prospective, Open Label, Controlled Study.

Objective To evaluate fetomaternal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) treated with insulin versus acarbose. Material and methods In this prospective, open label, controlled study, GDM patients treated with insulin or acarbose were observed till six weeks after delivery. Maternal outcomes, fetal outcomes and glycemic control were compared between two groups.

Hematological, Biochemical and Renal Changes in Patients of Multiple Myeloma Treated with Bortezomib Based Triple Drug Chemotherapy.

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic clonal plasma cell disorder. Approximately 30% of newly diagnosed MM present with baseline renal dysfunction adversely affecting prognosis and survival. But its outcome has improved with the advent of novel agents.

Clinical characteristics, types and complications of diabetics with young age at the onset (14-25 years).

Aims: To determine the distribution, clinical features and complications of the different types of diabetes in young age.

Methods: The records of children and adolescents with age at the onset of DM (14-25 years) between January 2017 and August 2018, were reviewed. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients at diagnosis and type of diabetes were recorded.

Prevalence of inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, nuclear factor-κB, and adiponectin) in Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without macrovascular complications.

Background: Atherosclerosis is more prevalent in subjects with diabetes mellitus. Recent evidence suggests that diabetic atherosclerosis is not simply a disease of hyperlipidemia, but is also an inflammatory disorder. Our aim was to study the prevalence of inflammatory markers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), adiponectin, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and without macrovascular disease (MVD).

Beta-cell function and insulin resistance in pregnancy and their relation to fetal development.

Background: Insulin resistance in pregnancy is consequent to the physiological adaptation necessary to provide glucose to the growing fetus. Disturbance in the maternal metabolism can induce structural and functional adaptations during fetal development.

Methods: Pregnant women with duration of conception between 24 and 28 weeks were assessed for insulin resistance (IR) and beta-cell function by using homeostatic model assessment IR (HOMA-IR) and homeostatic model assessment of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) models, respectively.

Insulin resistance and beta cell function as prognostic indicator in multi-organ dysfunction syndrome.

Insulin resistance (IR) is a major factor in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Critically ill patients with multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), diagnosed as per modified Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (modified APACHE II) score criteria and admitted to the medical ward in our hospital, were assessed for IR and beta cell function by using the homeostasis model assessment A (HOMA-A) and HOMA-B models, respectively. Of 80 consecutive patients, 60 were followed up to day 7; 16 patients died and 4 did not agree to follow up.

Autoimmunity, insulin resistance and Beta cell function in subjects with low body weight type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In developing countries like India, the majority of Type 2 diabetics are non-obese, and many are "lean" with a body mass index (BMI) below 18.5. This type is referred to as "Low Body Weight Type 2 DM" (LB Type 2 DM).

Effect of metformin in asian Indian women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Background: This study was conducted to study the therapeutic benefits of metformin and to determine the correction of insulin resistance on 25 patients of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) attending the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.C.B.

Relationship of metabolic syndrome with quantum of coronary artery disease in Indian patients with chronic stable angina.

Background: The current study was aimed to ascertain presence and severity of coronary artery lesions in patients of Type 2 diabetic mellitus (DM) with coronary artery disease (CAD), in our population, by using scoring system analysis of the coronary angiography.

Methods: 147 consecutive patients with Type 2 DM of chronic stable angina (CSA) were enrolled in the study with 147 age- and sex-matched patients of CSA who did not have diabetes to serve as control. All of them underwent coronary angiography and were evaluated by using four scores to quantify the coronary artery lesions.

Combination of drugs in the management of diabetes mellitus.

Combination of drugs or polypharmacy is a therapeutic procedure and this can be needed in diabetes also. To consider the basis of polypharmacy, certain knowledges regarding likely mechanism operating in diabetic patient are to be known. Drugs available in polypharmacy are well elaborated in this article.