Immunopharmacological Insights into Cordyceps spp.: Harnessing Therapeutic Potential for Sepsis.

Cordyceps spp. (CS), a well-known medicinal mushroom that belongs to Tibetan medicine and is predominantly found in the high altitudes in the Himalayas. CS is a rich reservoir of various bioactive substances including nucleosides, sterols flavonoids, peptides, and phenolic compounds.

A computational and machine learning approach to identify GPR40-targeting agonists for neurodegenerative disease treatment.

The G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) is known to exert a significant influence on neurogenesis and neurodevelopment within the central nervous system of both humans and rodents. Research findings indicate that the activation of GPR40 by an agonist has been observed to promote the proliferation and viability of hypothalamus cells in the human body. The objective of the present study is to discover new agonist compounds for the GPR40 protein through the utilization of machine learning and pharmacophore-based screening techniques, in conjunction with other computational methodologies such as docking, molecular dynamics simulations, free energy calculations, and investigations of the free energy landscape.

Chemotherapeutic potential of lupeol against cancer in pre-clinical model: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Extensive research on Lupeol's potential in cancer prevention highlights its ability to target various cancer-related factors. It regulates proliferative markers, modulates signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and influences inflammatory and apoptotic mechanisms. Additionally, Lupeol demonstrates selectivity in killing cancer cells while sparing normal cells, thus minimizing the risk of toxic effects on healthy tissues.

Protein Kinase C (PKC) in Neurological Health: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease and Chronic Alcohol Consumption.

Protein kinase C (PKC) is a diverse enzyme family crucial for cell signalling in various organs. Its dysregulation is linked to numerous diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological problems. In the brain, PKC plays pivotal roles in synaptic plasticity, learning, memory, and neuronal survival.

Influence of Tau on Neurotoxicity and Cerebral Vasculature Impairment Associated with Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease is a fatal chronic neurodegenerative condition marked by a gradual decline in cognitive abilities and impaired vascular function within the central nervous system. This affliction initiates its insidious progression with the accumulation of two aberrant protein entities including Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. These chronic elements target distinct brain regions, steadily erasing the functionality of the hippocampus and triggering the erosion of memory and neuronal integrity.

Identification of TBK1 inhibitors against breast cancer using a computational approach supported by machine learning.

The cytosolic Ser/Thr kinase TBK1 is of utmost importance in facilitating signals that facilitate tumor migration and growth. TBK1-related signaling plays important role in tumor progression, and there is need to work on new methods and workflows to identify new molecules for potential treatments for TBK1-affecting oncologies such as breast cancer. Here, we propose the machine learning assisted computational drug discovery approach to identify TBK1 inhibitors.

A protein-miRNA biomic analysis approach to explore neuroprotective potential of nobiletin in human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs).

Chemical-induced neurotoxicity is increasingly recognized to accelerate the development of neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), which pose an increasing health burden to society. Attempts are being made to develop drugs that can cross the blood-brain barrier and have minimal or no side effects. Nobiletin (NOB), a polymethoxylated flavonoid with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, has been demonstrated to be a promising compound to treat a variety of NDs.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Catalase Gene Families in .

Aerobic metabolism in plants results in the production of hydrogen peroxide (HO), a significant and comparatively stable non-radical reactive oxygen species (ROS). HO is a signaling molecule that regulates particular physiological and biological processes (the cell cycle, photosynthesis, plant growth and development, and plant responses to environmental challenges) at low concentrations. Plants may experience oxidative stress and ultimately die from cell death if excess HO builds up.

Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Probiotic Lactobacillus casei-a Novel Approach for Combating Bacterial Infections and Cancer.

In the face of rising antibiotic resistance and the need for novel therapeutic approaches against cancer, the present study delves into the various facets of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) derived from the probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei (AgNPs-LC), assessing their efficacy in combating bacterial infections, disrupting biofilm formation, interfering with quorum sensing mechanisms, and exhibiting anti-cancer properties. The results showed that the AgNPs-LC had a spherical shape with an average size of 15 nm. The biosynthesized AgNPs-LC showed a symmetrical absorption spectrum with a peak at 458 nm with a diameter of 5-20 nm.

Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation to Elucidate the Molecular Targets and Potential Mechanism of (Ajwa Dates) against Candidiasis.

Candidiasis, caused by opportunistic fungal pathogens of the genus, poses a significant threat to immunocompromised individuals. Natural compounds derived from medicinal plants have gained attention as potential sources of anti-fungal agents. Ajwa dates ( L.

Mechanistic insights into MARK4 inhibition by galantamine toward therapeutic targeting of Alzheimer's disease.

Hyperphosphorylation of tau is an important event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, leading to the generation of "neurofibrillary tangles," a histopathological hallmark associated with the onset of AD and related tauopathies. Microtubule-affinity regulating kinase 4 (MARK4) is an evolutionarily conserved Ser-Thr (S/T) kinase that phosphorylates tau and microtubule-associated proteins, thus playing a critical role in AD pathology. The uncontrolled neuronal migration is attributed to overexpressed MARK4, leading to disruption in microtubule dynamics.

Exposure to pesticide residues in honey and its potential cancer risk assessment.

Honey is the most recognized natural food by-product derived from flower nectar and the upper aero-digestive tract of the honeybees. Significance of honey for its medicinal importance are well-documented in the world's oldest medical literatures. However, the current urbanization, environmental contaminations and changes in agricultural, as well as apiculture practices has led to various types of contaminations in honey.

Molecular Characterization of Hard Ticks Infesting Camels in the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia Using the Barcoding Gene, Mitochondrial .

The present study aimed to molecularly identify and characterize the hard ticks infesting camels from the northern region (Ha'il province) of Saudi Arabia using the mitochondrial barcoding gene (). The sequences of tick samples from camels in three regions of Ha'il were aligned with those previously reported from different geographic regions, revealing nine haplotypes, of which six were newly described in this study for the first time. These haplotypes were used to determine their phylogenetic relationships using the maximum likelihood method, displaying two distinct clades corresponding to and .

Biosurfactant derived from probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus exhibits broad-spectrum antibiofilm activity and inhibits the quorum sensing-regulated virulence.

Antimicrobial resistance by pathogenic bacteria has become a global risk to human health in recent years. The most promising approach to combating antimicrobial resistance is to target virulent traits of bacteria. In the present study, a biosurfactant derived from the probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus was tested against three Gram-negative bacteria to evaluate its inhibitory potential on their biofilms, and whether it affected the virulence factors controlled by quorum sensing (QS).

Targeting NMDA receptor in Alzheimer's disease: identifying novel inhibitors using computational approaches.

The glutamate-gated ion channels known as N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are important for both normal and pathological brain function. Subunit-selective antagonists have high therapeutic promise since many pathological conditions involve NMDAR over activation, although few clinical successes have been reported. Allosteric inhibitors of GluN2B-containing receptors are among the most potential NMDAR targeting drugs.

Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Probiotic (AgNPs-LR) Targeting Biofilm Formation and Quorum Sensing-Mediated Virulence Factors.

In recent years, bacterial pathogens have developed resistance to antimicrobial agents that have created a global threat to human health and environment. As a novel approach to combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR), targeting bacteria's virulent traits that can be explained by quorum sensing (QS) is considered to be one of the most promising approaches. In the present study, biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles derived from (AgNPs-LR) were tested against three Gram-negative bacteria to determine whether they inhibited the formation of biofilms and triggered the virulence factors controlled by QS.

GC-MS screening of the phytochemical composition of Ziziphus honey: ADME properties and / study of its antimicrobial activity.

A revival interest has been given to natural products as sources of phytocompounds to be used as alternative treatment against infectious diseases. In this context, we aimed to investigate the antimicrobial potential of Ziziphus honey (ZH) against twelve clinical bacterial strains and several yeasts and molds using and computational approaches. The well-diffusion assay revealed that ZH was able to induce growth inhibition of most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Characterization and Process Optimization for Enhanced Production of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)-Based Biodegradable Polymer from Isolated from Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Site.

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in bio-based degradable plastics as an alternative to synthetic plastic. Polyhyroxybutyrate (PHB) is a macromolecule produced by bacteria as a part of their metabolism. Bacteria accumulate them as reserve materials when growing under different stress conditions.

Therapeutic Role of ELOVL in Neurological Diseases.

Fatty acids play an important role in controlling the energy balance of mammals. De novo lipogenesis also generates a significant amount of lipids that are endogenously produced in addition to their ingestion. Fatty acid elongation beyond 16 carbons (palmitic acid), which can lead to the production of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA), can be caused by the rate-limiting condensation process.