In-silico insights of ESBL variants and tracking the probable sources of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in a small-scale poultry farm.

Commercial broiler farms face challenges of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli transmitted from both vertical and horizontal routes. Understanding the dynamics of ESBL-E. coli transmission in compromised biosecurity settings of small-scale rural poultry farms is essential.

Exploring broilers and native fowls of Andaman and Nicobar Islands as a source of β-lactamase-producing even with limited anthropogenic activities and docking-based identification of catalytic domains in novel β-lactamase variants.

Objectives: The present study was conducted to detect the occurrence of β-lactamase and biofilm-producing , and in broilers and native fowl reared in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The study also included molecular docking experiments to confirm the nature of the catalytic domains found in the β-lactamase variants obtained and to reveal the clonal relationship of the isolates with human clinical strains from the database.

Materials And Methods: A total of 199 cloacal swabs were collected from five poultry breeds/varieties (broiler, , and layer) in three districts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Phytochemical Analysis and Demonstration of Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antibiofilm Activities of Ethnomedicinal Plants of North East India.

Ethnomedicinal plants are a rich reservoir of active compounds with potent pharmacological properties. Therefore, plants could serve as a source for the discovery of active antimicrobial and antioxidant agents and are focused because of their low toxicity, economic viability, easy availability, etc. In this regard, phytochemical analyses, viz.

Immune responses and protective immunity in Pangasius pangasius (Hamilton, 1822) as induced by outer membrane proteins of Edwardsiella tarda and aluminium hydroxide adjuvant complex.

Edwardsiella tarda is considered one of the important bacterial fish pathogens. The outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of E. tarda are structurally and functionally conserved, and immunogenic.

Ecofriendly phytofabrication of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Cuphea carthagenensis and their antioxidant potential and antibacterial activity against clinically important human pathogens.

The green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) is the safest, ecofriendly, cost-effective, and non-hazardous approach of nanotechnology. In the current study, we described the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Cuphea carthagenensis aqueous leaf extract as a reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent. The study aims at the synthesis, characterization, optimization, and determination of the antibacterial activity of Cc-AgNPs against clinically important human pathogens.

Histopathology of head kidney tissues in challenged rohu, Hamilton after vaccinating with antigens.

The study was conducted to evaluate the vaccination effects on rohu, head kidney tissues while assessing the vaccine efficacy of antigens Six acclimatized rohu groups were immunized with three antigenic formulations (outer membrane proteins, somatic and whole-cell antigen) @ 200 µg/fish and also with equal volume of Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA), separately. Simultaneously, two non-vaccinated groups, i.e.

Efficacy evaluation of ethanolic extract of Tamarindus indica L. leaves as possible alternate therapy in septic arthritis model of rabbit.

Background: Our previous study exhibited free radicals scavenging and antioxidant activities of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Tamarindus indica L. leaves in chronic sodium fluoride poisoning in rats. Tamarindus indica L.

Decellularized Caprine Conchal Cartilage toward Repair and Regeneration of Damaged Cartilage.

Repair and regeneration of nasal and auricular cartilage thrust significant challenges in reconstructive surgery. The burgeoning clinical requirement is yet to endorse a satisfactory cartilage replacement matrix. In this regard, we have bioengineered cross-linked decellularized caprine conchal cartilage (DC) as biocompatible, durable, and nontoxic matrices.

Detection, characterization, and antibiogram of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase isolated from bovine milk samples in West Bengal, India.

Background: Milk is considered as complete food and an important part of human diet throughout the world including India. Bacterial contamination of milk such as due to unhygienic condition and poor udder health can cause infections, especially in infants and elders or in immunocompromised persons. Possession of antimicrobial resistance genes by commensal bacteria present in milk makes the issue more serious.

Novel decellularized animal conchal cartilage graft for application in human patient.

Restoration of the external ear and nose in human patients, in either congenital deformity or acquired defects, is a challenge in reconstructive surgery. Optimization of the currently available materials is necessary for rhinoplasty and microtia correction to avoid intraoperative manoeuvring and early rejection. The aim of this study was to develop cross-linked decellularized caprine conchal cartilages as biocompatible, robust, and non-toxic matrix template.

Characterization of Gallinarum isolates from backyard poultry by polymerase chain reaction detection of invasion (A) and plasmid virulence (C) genes.

Aim: The aim was to characterize serovar Gallinarum isolated from backyard poultry by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of virulence genes invasion (A) and plasmid virulence C (C).

Materials And Methods: Two strains of serovar Gallinarum isolates used in this study were obtained from an outbreak of fowl typhoid in backyard Vanaraja fowl. PCR technique was used for detection of A and C genes using standard methodology.

Prevalence of CTX-M-Producing Klebsiella spp. in Broiler, Kuroiler, and Indigenous Poultry in West Bengal State, India.

This study was undertaken to detect the prevalence of CTX-M-producing Klebsiella spp. in healthy broiler, indigenous, and kuroiler birds reared in West Bengal (India) during November 2014-February 2015. In addition to CTX-M gene, the study was also conducted to reveal the occurrence of other β-lactamase and class I integron genes in Klebsiella spp.

Molecular characterization of (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) infecting the gill lamellae of carp (Hamilton).

The present study attempted sequencing the 18S rRNA gene of infecting the gill lamellae of carp, and compared its genetic homology and phylogenetic characteristics with 18S rRNA genes of other spp. The infected fish had up to 3 small, creamy white plasmodia per gill filament with 30-50 spores each. The spore size was 17.

Molecular characterization of and (Crustacea: Argulidae) infecting the cultured carps in West Bengal, India using 18S rRNA gene sequences.

The present study characterized spp. infecting the cultured carps using 18S rRNA gene sequences, estimated the genetic similarity among spp. and established their phylogenetic relationship.

Isolation and purification of beta-lactoglobulin from cow milk.

Aim: The present study was undertaken to standardize a convenient method for isolation and purification of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) from cow milk keeping its antigenicity intact, so that the purified β-lg can be used for detection of cow milk protein intolerance (CMPI).

Materials And Methods: Raw milk was collected from Gir breed of cattle reared in Haringhata Farm, West Bengal. Milk was then converted to skimmed milk by removing fat globules and casein protein was removed by acidification to pH 4.

Seroprevalence of bluetongue in ruminants of Jharkhand.

Aim: This study was carried out to assess the presence of anti-bluetongue (BT) antibodies in sheep, goat and cattle of different agro-climatic zones of Jharkhand.

Materials And Methods: Serum samples were collected from apparently healthy as well as suspected sheep, goat and cattle from different districts of Jharkhand covering different agro-climatic zones. Serum samples were screened by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) for detecting anti-BT antibodies.

Evaluation of autologous bone marrow in wound healing in animal model: a possible application of autologous stem cells.

A study was conducted to evaluate the potential of autologous bone marrow-derived cells in comparison with buffy coat of autologous blood for rapid cutaneous wound healing in rabbit model. Three square full-thickness skin excisional wounds were created in 15 selected experimental animals (rabbit) divided randomly into three groups. The wound was treated with autologous bone marrow cells in plasma (group 1), buffy coat of blood in plasma (group 2) and autologous plasma as control (group 3).