Next-generation even-denominator fractional quantum Hall states of interacting composite fermions.

The discovery of the fractional quantum Hall state (FQHS) in 1982 ushered a new era of research in many-body condensed matter physics. Among the numerous FQHSs, those observed at even-denominator Landau level filling factors are of particular interest as they may host quasiparticles obeying non-Abelian statistics and be of potential use in topological quantum computing. The even-denominator FQHSs, however, are scarce and have been observed predominantly in low-disorder two-dimensional (2D) systems when an excited electron Landau level is half filled.

Hypoxia-driven metabolic heterogeneity and immune evasive behaviour of gastrointestinal cancers: Elements of a recipe for disaster.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers refer to a group of malignancies associated with the GI tract (GIT). Like other solid tumors, hypoxic regions consistently feature inside the GI tumor microenvironment (TME) and contribute towards metabolic reprogramming of tumor-resident cells by modulating hypoxia-induced factors. We highlight here how the metabolic crosstalk between cancer cells and immune cells generate immunosuppressive environment inside hypoxic tumors.

Assessment of the Relationship between Oral Health Behavior, Oral Hygiene, and Gingival Status of Adolescent Tobacco Consumers in Ranchi, Jharkhand: A Comparative Study.

Background: Tobacco consumption is very prevalent in India and associated with a number of oral health problems. Good oral health behavior plays a significant role in improving oral hygiene status.

Objectives: To assess the relationship between the oral health behavior, oral hygiene, and gingival status of adolescent tobacco consumers (smoke/smokeless form) and to compare it with that of the nonconsumers of tobacco in the same age group, who were selected from the OPD of Dental Institute, RIMS.

Assessment of Anterior Loop of Inferior Alveolar Nerve and Its Anatomic Variations with Age, Gender, and Dentition Status in Indian Population: A CBCT Study.

Background: The posterior region of the mandible is more often related to iatrogenic errors, but the interforaminal region is also not spared for neurovascular complications. This study aimed to use CBCT images to evaluate the prevalence of anterior nerve looping and its variations with age, gender, and dentition status.

Methods: This retrospective study was carried out by studying 600 CBCT scans retrieved from archival records of a CBCT center in Lucknow.

Knowledge and awareness of oral cancer and impact of pictorial warnings on the willingness to quit tobacco in young tobacco consumers in India.

Background: Oral cancer is most common cancer globally and is one of the most life-threatening conditions worldwide.

Aim: To assess the knowledge and awareness of oral cancer and the impact of pictorial warnings on the willingness to quit tobacco in young tobacco consumers in India.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 250 young tobacco consumers from Ranchi, Jharkhand.

Evaluation of incidence of mental nerve loop in Central India population using cone beam computed tomography.

Context: Anatomical literature has described the anterior loop being an extension of the mental nerve which is present anterior to the mental foramen while the caudal loop has been described as the distance between the lower border of the mental foramen and the lowest point of the mandibular canal. The knowledge and identification of the anterior and caudal loop of the mental nerve are important in surgical procedures performed around the mental foramen to avoid inadvertent damage to these vital structures resulting in postoperative complications.

Aim: The present study was conducted to determine the incidence and measurement of mental nerve loop in the mandibular arches using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Relationship of internet addiction with depression and academic performance in Indian dental students.

Background And Aims: Internet addiction (IA) has negative consequences on the mental health and affects daily activities. This study was conducted with the aim to assess the prevalence of Internet addiction among dental university students and to determine if there is any relationship of excessive Internet use with depression and academic performance among students.

Methods: This was a cross sectional study which included 384 dental students from different academic years.

Foramen magnum as a tool for sexual dimorphism: A cone beam computed tomography study.

Background And Objectives: (1) To evaluate dimensions of the foramen magnum (FM) among males and females and to establish its role in sexual dimorphism using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). (2) To evaluate sagittal diameter, transverse diameter, area, and circumference of FM among males and females.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and eighty CBCT scans (140 males and 140 females; age range, 20-80 years) were selected for this study.

A Focus on Variation in Morphology of Soft Palate Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography with Assessment of Need's Ratio in Central Madhya Pradesh Population.

Introduction: Soft palate is an anatomical structure that helps in modifying the quality of voice and to breathe while swallowing. Through the variants and shapes of the soft palate, we can assess the age and gender of an individual.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the variation in morphology of soft palate and to find its association with the Need's ratio, Velar Length (VL), Velar Width (VW) and Pharyngeal Depth (PD), in age groups and gender using CBCT in Central Madhya Pradesh population.

Unusual Morphological Alteration in Sigmoid Notch: An Insight Through CBCT.

The Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) is a ginglymo-diarthrodial joint known to be the most complex joint in human body. Growth disturbances, owing to genetic influences or trauma during the intrauterine life or during early developmental age may lead to morphological and functional variations in the mandible resulting in developmental anomaly. We report a rare case of altered sigmoid notch morphology on the right side and condylar hypoplasia on the left side, not related to any clear pathological disorder.

Mandibular canine index: A reliable predictor for gender identification using study cast in Indian population.

Context: Various methods are used for gender identification in anthropologic and forensic investigations. The canine tooth is widely used for gender determination because of its sexual dimorphism and durability in the oral cavity. Mandibular canine index (MCI) is one of the most reliable and valid predictor for gender identification.

Evaluation of Correlation of Blood Glucose and Salivary Glucose Level in Known Diabetic Patients.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic heterogenous disease in which there is dysregulation of carbohydrates, protein and lipid metabolism; leading to elevated blood glucose levels. The present study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between blood glucose and salivary glucose levels in known diabetic patients and control group and also to evaluate salivary glucose level as a diagnostic tool in diabetic patients.

Materials And Methods: A total number of 250 patients were studied, out of which 212 formed the study group and 38 formed the control group.

Correlation of presence of Candida and epithelial dysplasia in oral mucosal lesions.

Background: Candida and epithelial dysplasia have long been associated with oro-mucosal lesions.

Aim And Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the correlation between presence of Candida organisms and epithelial dysplasia in various oral mucosal lesions associated with areca nut and tobacco use.

Materials And Methods: A total of 50 individuals were selected, between age range of 19-70 y.

Dental caries experience in high risk soft drinks factory workers of South India: a comparative study.

Background: The consumption of soft-drinks has been associated with dental caries development.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate dental caries experience amongst the workers working in soft-drink industries located in South India and compare it with other factory workers. To evaluate the validity of specific caries index (SCI), which is newer index for caries diagnosis.

Takayasu's arteritis--report of a case with masquerading jaw pain.

Takayasu's arteritis (TA) often referred to as pulseless disease, is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the aorta and its main branches. While the first reported case was documented in Japan in 1908, it does occur worldwide, but is more prevalent in young oriental females from China and Southeast Asia. The main complications of the disease are due to occlusion of major branches of the aorta.