Guidelines for inorganic arsenic (Ⅲ, V, and Total) and chromium (Ⅲ, Ⅵ, and Total) in Chinese soils.

Arsenic and chromium, common polyvalent heavy metals found in soil, are a growing environmental concern, yet research on soil threshold values for these metals is limited. This study presents a method for deriving soil guidelines based on published literature, considering two land types (parkland and industry), two exposure pathways (direct contact and food chain for mammalian and avian), and two toxicity levels (NOEC/LOAEL and EC50/LC50). Soil guidelines for inorganic arsenic (III & V) and chromium (III & VI) were derived separately for parkland and industry, factoring in direct contact and food chain exposures (applicable only to parkland) and both lower and upper toxicity levels from available data.

The risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate and Vax1 rs7078160 polymorphisms in southern Han Chinese.

Introduction: Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate is a common worldwide birth defect due to a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Genome-wide association studies reported the rs7078160 of Vax1 is closely related to non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in European populations. The following studies showed the same results in Mongolian, Japanese, Filipino, Vietnamese populations etc.

Serum starvation and thymidine double blocking achieved efficient cell cycle synchronization and altered the expression of p27, p53, bcl-2 in canine breast cancer cells.

Cell synchronization is an approach to obtain cell populations of the same stage, which is a prerequisite to studying the regulation of cell cycle progression in vivo. Serum starvation and thymidine double blocking (TdR) are two important practices in studying cell cycle synchronization. However, their effects on canine cancer cells as well as the regulatory mechanisms by these two methods are poorly understood.