Serum Iron Status and Retinal Degenerative Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study on AMD, RP, and DR.

: Observational studies have noted that patients with certain retinal degenerative diseases exhibit iron disturbances in the retina or vitreous compared to healthy controls. However, the connection between serum iron status and these diseases remains unclear. This study aims to explore the potential causal relationship between serum iron status biomarkers and the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Mitochondria-Associated Autoantibodies: A Review of the Specific Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a severe retinal disease that causes irreversible visual loss and blindness in elderly populations worldwide. The pathological mechanism of AMD is complex, involving the interactions of multiple environmental and genetic factors. A poor understanding of the disease leads to limited treatment options and few effective prevention methods.

Lectin-Based Affinity Enrichment and Characterization of N-Glycoproteins from Human Tear Film by Mass Spectrometry.

The glycosylation of proteins is one of the most common post-translational modifications (PTMs) and plays important regulatory functions in diverse biological processes such as protein stability or cell signaling. Accordingly, glycoproteins are also a consistent part of the human tear film proteome, maintaining the proper function of the ocular surface and forming the first defense barrier of the ocular immune system. Irregularities in the glycoproteomic composition of tear film might promote the development of chronic eye diseases, indicating glycoproteins as a valuable source for biomarker discovery or drug target identification.

Activated microglia-induced neuroinflammatory cytokines lead to photoreceptor apoptosis in Aβ-injected mice.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is mainly characterized by the progressive accumulation of drusen deposits and loss of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Because amyloid β (Aβ) is the main component of drusen, Aβ-induced activated microglia most likely lead to neuroinflammation and play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AMD. However, the relationship between activated microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory cytokines and photoreceptor death has not been clarified.

Metformin Protects ARPE-19 Cells from Glyoxal-Induced Oxidative Stress.

The protective effects and mechanisms of metformin against oxidative stress were evaluated both and . ARPE-19 cells comprised the normal group, the glyoxal-treated group (0.5 mM glyoxal), and the glyoxal+metformin group (0.

iTRAQ-based proteomics analysis of aqueous humor in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration.

Aim: To preliminarily test proteomics in aqueous humor in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by using the proteomic technology.

Methods: Aqueous humor samples were collected from patients with or without dry AMD, who underwent cataract surgery. The aqueous samples were analyzed with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technology.

Neuroprotection against Aβ25-35-induced apoptosis by Salvia miltiorrhiza extract in SH-SY5Y cells.

The neurotoxicity of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and hence the attractive therapeutic strategies focusing on the modulation of Aβ-induced neurotoxicity are warranted. The present study aims to investigate the neuroprotection and underlying mechanisms by which Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Lamiaceae) extract (SME) protects against Aβ25-35-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. 2h Pre-treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with SME (0.